...environment, the precautionary approach shall be widely applied by States according to their capabilities. Where there are threats of serious or irreversible...costeffective measures to prevent environmental degradation." The first sentence of this version, by implying that states may constrain their application "according...

...on environment and development in Rio de Janeiro. The so-called Rio Declaration (1992) states that [w]here there are threats of serious or irreversible...cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation. 42 This formulation is explicitly mentioned in the bulk of the academic articles on the principle,...

...environment, the precautionary approach shall be widely applied by States according to their capabilities. Where there are threats of serious or irreversible...cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation. Principle 16 National authorities should endeavor to promote the internalization of environmental costs...

...environment, the precautionary approach shall be widely applied by States according to their capability. Where there are threats of serious or irreversible...cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation. (United Nations, 1992) In Chapter 7 I will examine how risk assessment of chemicals is carried out....

...reference to the precautionary approach in Principle 15 of the Rio Declaration, it is stated that: 'Where there are threats of serious or irreversible...cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation' (emphasis added). 10 On the issue of the precautionary principle, cost-benefit analysis and proportionality,...

...geographical unit, potential value, intrinsic appeal. The description of something that we want to achieve. Where there are threats of serious or irreversible...cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation. A project is a clearly defined and planned unit of work. The rationale is the process of identifying,...

...definition of the precautionary principle found in the Rio Declaration is perhaps the most commonly cited: 'Where there are threats of serious or irreversible...cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation.' 14 The Rio approach is often categorised as a weak approach to the precautionary principle, characterised...

...environment, the precautionary approach shall be widely applied by States according to their capability. Where there are threats of serious or irreversible...costeffective measures to prevent environmental degradation." Some people have argued that this definition is legally unenforceable [67], whereas others say it is...

...environment, the precautionary approach shall be widely applied by States according to their capabilities. Where there are threats of serious or irreversible...cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation." The precautionary principle places the burden of proof not on the public but on the entities proposing...

...environment, the precautionary approach shall be widely applied by States according to their capabilities. Where there are threats of serious or irreversible...cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation" <http://www.unep.org/Docurnents.multilingual/Default. asp?DocumentID=78&-ArticleID=1163> (consulted...