Principles of International Environmental Law

Front Cover
Cambridge University Press, 2003 M10 9 - 1116 pages
This second edition of Philippe Sand's leading textbook on international environmental law provides a clear and authoritative introduction to the subject, revised to December 2002. It considers relevant new topics, including the Kyoto Protocol, genetically modified organisms, oil pollution, chemicals etc. and will remain the most comprehensive account of the principles and rules relating to environmental protection and the conservation of natural resources. In addition to the key material from the 1992 Rio Declaration and subsequent developments, Sands also covers topics including the legal and institutional framework, the field's historic development and standards for general application. This will continue to be an invaluable resource for both students and practitioners alike.

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Selected pages

Contents

The environment and international society issues concepts and definitions
3
science economics and other values
5
The international legal order
11
defining terms
15
Further reading
18
History
25
From early fisheries conventions to the creation of the United Nations
26
19451972
30
Conclusions
497
Biological diversity
499
General instruments of global application
505
General instruments of regional and subregional application
523
Regulation of particular habitats or species
543
Conclusions
615
Hazardous substances and activities
618
Accident prevention preparedness and response
620

19721992
40
UNCED
52
trends and directions
63
Conclusions
69
Governance states international organisations and nonstate actors
70
States
71
International organisations
72
Nonstate actors
112
Conclusions
120
International lawmaking and regulation
123
Treaties
125
Other international acts
140
Customary international law
143
General principles of international law
150
Subsidiary sources
153
Introduction to regulatory approaches
154
Direct regulation
155
Economic instruments
158
Integrated pollution control
167
Conclusions
169
Compliance implementation enforcement dispute settlement
171
Implementation
174
International enforcement
182
International conflict resolution settlement of disputes
200
UNCED
225
Conclusions
227
Principles and rules establishing standards
229
General principles and rules
231
Sovereignty over natural resources and the responsibility not to cause damage to the environment of other states or to areas beyond national jurisdicti...
235
Principle of preventive action
246
Cooperation
249
Sustainable development
252
Precautionary principle
266
Polluterpays principle
279
Principle of common but differentiated responsibility
285
Conclusions
289
Human rights and armed conflict
291
War and armed conflict
307
Conclusions
316
Atmosphere
317
Urban and transboundary air pollution
322
Ozone depletion
342
Climate change
357
Outer space
382
UNCED
385
Conclusions
389
Oceans and seas
391
The treaty regime
395
Pollution by dumping
415
Pollution from landbased sources including through the atmosphere
427
Pollution from vessels
438
Pollution from seabed activities
445
Environmental emergencies
448
Liability and compensation
454
UNCED
455
Conclusions
457
Freshwater resources
459
Customary law
461
Regional rules
477
UNCED and WSSD
494
Chemicals pesticides and other dangerous substances
625
The working environment
638
Radioactive substances
641
Biotechnology
651
Other hazardous activities
662
UNCED and WSSD
670
Conclusions
673
Waste
675
Prevention and treatment
681
Disposal
684
Recycling and reuse
688
International movement including trade in waste
690
UNCED
705
Conclusions
708
The polar regions Antarctica and the Arctic
710
Introduction
711
The Antarctic Treaty regime
712
The Arctic
727
Conclusions
730
European Community environmental law
732
Sources and institutions
734
Historical development
740
Principles and rules
749
Conclusions
794
Techniques for implementing international principles and rules
797
Environmental impact assessment
799
Nonbinding instruments
801
Treaties and other binding instruments
803
Conclusions
824
Environmental information
826
Information exchange
829
Reporting and provision of information
832
Consultation
838
Notification of emergency situations
841
Monitoring and other information gathering
847
Access to environmental information
852
Public education and awareness
860
Ecolabelling
861
Ecoauditing and accounting
863
Conclusions
867
Liability for environmental damage
869
State liability
871
Civil liability for environmental damage under international law
904
Conclusions
938
International trade and competition
940
Trade measures in international environmental agreements
942
Unilateral environmental measures and international trade
946
Competition and subsidies
1010
Conclusions
1017
Financial resources technology and intellectual property
1020
Financial resources and mechanisms
1021
Technology transfer and technical assistance
1037
Intellectual property
1043
Conclusions
1053
Foreign investment
1056
Investment treaties
1057
Insurance
1071
Conclusions
1072
INDEX
1074
Copyright

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About the author (2003)

Philippe Sands was born in 1960 in London. He is a graduate of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, receiving his B.A. in 1982 and his LLM, first class honours in 1983. He finished his postgraduate studies at Cambridge and was a visiting scholar at Harvard Law School. He has held positions at numerous distinguished universities around the world. He was called to the Bar of England and Wales in 1985. He has written numerous academic and general nonfiction books, newspaper articles, book reviews, and more. His books include Lawless World, and Torture Team. In 2016, he won the Baillie Gifford Prize for nonfiction, for East West Street: On the Origins of Genocide and Crimes against Humanity.

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