The World Health Report 2002: Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy LifeWorld Health Organization, 2002 - 248 pages The World Health Report 2002 measures the amount of disease, disability, and health in the world today that can be attributed to some of the most important risks to human health. Even more importantly, it also calculates how much of this present burden could be avoided in the next 10 years. The World Health Report 2002 represents one of the largest research projects ever undertaken by WHO, in collaboration with experts worldwide. Dr Gro Harlem Brundtland, Director-General of WHO, describes this report as a wake up call to the global community. The report quantifies some of the most important risks to human health and examines a range of methods to reduce them. The ultimate goal is to help governments of all countries to lower major risks to health, and thereby raise the healthy life expectancy of their populations. The risk factors range from underweight, unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene to high blood pressure, raised cholesterol, and obesity. The report's findings give an intriguing - and alarming - insight into not just the current causes of disease and death and the factors underlying them, but also into human patterns of living and how some may be changing around the world while others remain dangerously unchanged. Dr Brundtland says: This report helps every country in the world to see what measures it can take to reduce risks and promote healthy life for its own population. |
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... Figure 2.2 Causal chains of exposure leading to disease Distal socioeconomic Proximal causes causes Physiological and pathophysiological causes Outcomes Sequelae D1 P1 Pa1 01 S1 S2 D2 P2 Paz 02 ... n Paz ... n P3 ... n D3 ... n ...
... Figure 2.3 ) . INCLUDING RISKS THAT ACT TOGETHER TO CAUSE DISEASE Many risks to health act jointly to cause disease or injury , and this has important impli- cations for prevention opportunities , as outlined in Box 2.5 . This report ...
... and social , and therefore rem- edies must also be economic and social . Population with SBP > 160 mmHg ( % ) Figure. 16 The World Health Report 2002 Using best available evidence to assess certain and probable risks to health.
... Figure 2.3 The importance of population distributions of exposure Population ( % ) 75 100 125 150 175 200 Systolic blood pressure ( mmHg ) Population ( % ) Population ( % ) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Total cholesterol ( mmol / l ) 9 15 20 25 Body ...
... Figure 2.4 . OVERVIEW OF RISK ASSESSMENT METHODS The overall aim of the analyses reported here was to obtain reliable and comparable estimates of attributable and avoidable burden of disease and injury , for selected risk factors . More ...