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A somewhat similar arrangement has been developed at the Argonne Laboratories in the Chicago area. This has been done in at least those two cases.

Mr. ROBERTS. The reason I asked this question is the people who are charged with this responsibility at Auburn University, in my State, recently contacted me as to the possibility of some funds.

Matching funds is the way it was explained to me. I remember a few years ago that the Legislature of Alabama had this question before it, as to whether or not Auburn would participate in some type of research program in the atomic energy field. If you could get me some information on that situation, I would certainly be grateful to you. Mr. STAATS. There are many lump-sum contracts similar to NSF grants made by AEC in basic research in physics and the nuclear sciences, as well as reimbursable cost contracts for larger programs-say over $250,000. These latter contracts may provide for facilities in these areas. My reference a minute ago had to do with the development of nuclear-oriented laboratories such as Brookhaven and Argonne, but the AEC does make basio research contracts and they also provide facilities in the areas which are of interest to the AEC.

This constitutes, obviously, a problem of coordination for use in the Budget Bureau because there is a need to be sure that those contracts are consistent with and do not duplicate grants made by the Science Foundation, which has very broad authority for the same types of grants. We have tried to divide the fields between the two agencies for budget purposes, leaving to AEC those areas which are most directly related to its mission.

Mr. ROBERTS. I believe I was informed that this particular grant would have to have the approval of the National Science Foundation. Thank you, sir.

Mr. STAATS. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, a new agency in the field, will in 1964 obligate an estimated $76 million for a broad range of medical and health-related projects as part of its space activities.

These include aerospace medicine, human factors research, biosciences, biological satellite flight program, research grants to universities, and construction of NASA facilities.

The Department of Agriculture will obligate an estimated $105 million in 1964 for research and preventive community services which have varying degrees of medical and health-related significance.

Most of these activities have the purpose of insuring a wholesome, nutritious, and adequate food supply for our Nation.

The Agricultural Research Service, for example, is concerned with finding out how infectious diseases and harmful parasites of livestock and poultry are transmitted to men, how to control insects and diseases, and how to avoid pesticide residue problems, as well as with human nutrition research.

The poultry inspection and the meat inspection programs of the Department represent other important health-related activities.

Several other agencies covered in our survey will devote substantial amounts to health in fiscal 1964. The National Science Foundation will obligate $36 million for basic research and training in the life sciences, the Justice Department $17 million for construction of hospital facilities and health services for Federal prisoners, the Small

Business Administration $16 million for hospitals, nursing homes, and laboratories, and the Labor Department $11 million, principally for hospital and medical care of Federal workers injured in line of duty. The Interior Department will disburse about $1 million for research on water, occupational health in mines, and the nutritional value of fishery products. It will devote about $3 million to general public health services in American Samoa and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.

A number of other agencies which we did not survey in the short time available also carry on activities which directly or indirectly are health related.

A description of these activities is included in Senate Report No. 142, which I have previously mentioned. Among these activities are the narcotics activities of the Treasury Department; the health-related research of the National Bureau of Standards, the Weather Bureau, and the Bureau of the Census in the Department of Commerce; research on air pollution, malaria control, and other problems by the Tennessee Valley Authority; the health-related regulatory functions of the Federal Trade Commission; the extension of credit for healthrelated enterprises abroad by the Export-Import Bank; and various other health or health-related activities of the Federal Aviation Agency, the Office of Emergency Planning, Canal Zone Government, and the Smithsonian Institution.

Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. Staats, would you go back to two things? Are you reading the research on air pollution as included in other problems by the Tennessee Valley Authority?

Mr. STAATS. Yes.

Mr. ROBERTS. You are? They do some work in that field?

Mr. STAATS. They do.

Mr. ROBERTS. Would you supply for the record some of these activities or do you have them with you now?

Mr. STAATS. I don't know whether we have the breakdown on that particular item in the TVA budget.

Mr. ROBERTS. I have been particularly interested in the field and that is the first time I knew that the TVA had been doing such work.

Mr. STAATS. We will be glad to supply it. We can get a breakdown. Mr. ROBERTS. All right. Then I would like to know about the credit for health-related enterprises abroad by the export-import bank, just what those activities are.

Mr. STAATS. Yes, sir.

(The material mentioned follows:)

AIR POLLUTION ACTIVITIES, TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY

TVA carries on a continuing program for the control of air pollution in both its electric power and chemical operations.

The principal phases of the air pollution control program are (1) prevention through inclusion of control features in plans for new facilities and major additions or modifications to old plants, (2) preoperational and postoperational monitoring of air pollution levels in the vicinity of TVA plants, (3) field surveillance and appraisal to ascertain the adequacy of control measures, and (4) research.

By using air pollution control experience at each of the major power plants in planning for succeeding plants, air pollution has been minimized despite the great increase in the size of powerplants in recent years. In TVA chemical op

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erations, a program of plant renovation and modernization now underway has as one of its objectives the reduction of atmospheric emission to negligible amounts. Expenditures in recent years for air pollution control activities related to steam-electric generating plants are as follows:

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Outlays for air pollution control features built in or added to steam stations are not included in these amounts.

HEALTH-RELATED ACTIVITIES-EXPORT-IMPORT BANK

The Export-Import Bank has financed the export of American hospital equipment by making loans at varying rates of interest up to 54 percent to recipient nations and to U.S. exporters. Since the inception of the Bank in 1934, through April 30, 1963, equipment valued at $5,366,300 has been financed in Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Greece, Peru, Colombia and Nicaragua.

The Bank has also financed water supply and sewerage projects amounting to $60,221,350 through April 30, 1963, in Uruguay, Venezuela, Ecuador, Syria, Iran, Liberia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Peru, Trinidad, Mexico, and Paraguay.

Mr. NELSEN. Mr. Chairman, while you are on the air pollution subject, it seems to me I saw a story in one of the papers about activities in that area in the Department of the Interior.

To your knowledge, if there is some activity going on there would you check it out for us, because we are interested in air pollution. We have bills before our committee that deal with air pollution and we are quite anxious to find out what has been done, and where, and what the results have been.

Mr. STAATS. The only item that I could think of in Interior would be in connection with the Bureau of Mines.

Mr. NELSEN. Yes; that is what I think it was.

Mr. STAATS. Conditions affecting miner's health in the mines, the problem of silicosis and of lack of oxygen, and other conditions involved in mining operations. I am not aware of anything else, but we can doublecheck that point.

(The information mentioned follows:)

AIR POLLUTION ACTIVITIES-DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

The Bureau of Mines participates in the Federal air pollution effort through a research program aimed at developing means for the economic source control of pollutants originating from the production and use of minerals, particularly the mineral fuels. The Bureau is investigating the composition of motor-vehicle exhaust, reductions into which it enters in the open atmosphere, and means for minimizing discharge of those exhaust components most responsible for troublesome air pollution. Other investigations include development of economic means for removing sulfur oxides from powerplant stack gases and for controlling pollution from burning coal-refuse piles, and selected mineral-industry process improvements to reduce discharge of pollutants. A great deal of the air pollution control research conducted by the Bureau of Mines is for other agencies, chiefly the Public Health Service. In 1963, for example, of the total program of approximately $600,000 over 80 percent of the funds were transferred to the Bureau of Mines from other agencies.

Mr. ROBERTS. Thank you.

Mr. STAATS. Mr. Chairman, we have also in our analysis developed a discussion around the types of health programs carried on by Federal agencies.

Up to this point we have been talking about what the principal agencies are doing, but we thought it also might be useful to you to

have an analysis of types of activities covering the same total dollar figures.

Analysis of the $6.4 billion of health and health-related funds for 1964 by the six categories used in chart II casts further light on the character and organizational distribution of the Federal programs in the health field. Some of the highlights are as follows:

FEDERAL OBLIGATIONS FOR MEDICAL AND HEALTH-RELATED ACTIVITIES BY CATEGORY
(Fiscal year 1964. Dollar amounts in billions.)

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Hospital and medical care in Federal facilities is the largest category of Federal health outlays, amounting to $1.9 billion in 1964. More than 31 million people eliminating duplications in the groups below are eligible or are potentially eligible for hospital and medical care in Federal facilities or at Federal expense.

These include more than 22 million veterans, 3.1 million active and retired uniformed personnel and 3.9 million dependents of such personnel, 2.5 million active and 235,000 retired Federal civilian employees, 120,000 merchant seamen, 380,000 Indians and natives of Alaska, and an estimated 136,000 narcotic addicts, Federal prisoners, patients with leprosy, and residents of the Panama Canal Zone.

The Federal Government in 1964 will directly operate about 486 hospitals containing 175,000 beds, or approximately 10 percent of all hospital beds in the United States. As already pointed out, the bulk of this direct-patient-care mission is in the Veterans' Administration and the Department of Defense.

Federal grants and payments to assist in the health care of individuals will total an estimated $1.5 billion in 1964, approximately eight times as much as in 1958.

Much of this increase reflects the expansion of the HEW public assistance and medical assistance to the aged programs and the Civil Service Commission medical insurance program for Federal civilian personnel.

Several million people are in groups which receive medical care financed in part through Federal grants or contributions.

Health research also represents a major and rapidly growing segment of Federal funds, totaling in 1964 almost $1.3 billion if outlays for facilities are included.

The Federal Government now underwrites nearly two-thirds of the health research in the country. While HEW provides about threefourths of the total Federal funds for health research and facilities, the Department of Defense, the Atomic Energy Commission, National Science Foundation, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration all make sizable outlays.

Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. Staats, one question. To go back to the Indian health program, the responsibility that we have for 380,000 Indians and natives of Alaska, do you include in the amount of the outlay such things as their sanitation programs, their new programs that have been in effect, I believe, about the last 2 or 3 years?

Mr. STAATS. For Indians?

Mr. ROBERTS. Yes.

Mr. STAATS. Yes.

Mr. ROBERTS. Do they make any contributions of their own from the standpoint of matching funds?

Mr. STAATS. I do not know that they make any dollar contributions. I am sure that there are contributions in terms of trying to develop their own personnel that can carry on these activities wholly.

I know that is the case. I happened to be in Denver yesterday and talking with the regional director of the Civil Service Commission who happened to be going out to one of the tribal councils, partly to help them in developing their own personnel training programs, so I am sure that this is happening.

I do not have any quantitative figures on that, but I know this is the case.

(The following data was supplied in reference to the above:)

Upon further checking, I am advised that Indian tribes do make some financial contributions toward the cost of sanitation projects as well as contributing labor in the construction of the projects. During the current fiscal year, these fiuancial contributions are estimated to be approximately $429,000. In the past the value of the total contribution (including labor) has approximated 40 percent of the project cost.

Mr. ROBERTS. Do you know how many States are affected by that program under the Denver office at the present time?

Mr. STAATS. I would not have that. It would probably be in the order of probably a dozen.

Mr. ROBERTS. Could you supply it for us?

Mr. STAATS. We can supply it for you.

(The material mentioned follows:)

NUMBER OF STATES IN THE DHEW DENVER REGION

Currently the Denver regional office has responsibility for the HEW activities in five States. These are the States of Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho. At present there are Indian sanitation projects in the following four States: Idaho, Montana, Utah, and Wyoming.

Mr. ROBERTS. There is one other question. I wanted to ask you about the bills that we had before us last year and again this year with regard to medical care for fishermen and seamen. We were under the impression that your Bureau was conducting a study on persons

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