As a result of these achievements, local and State governments have been stimulated through Federal assistance to initiate a variety of new programs for the retarded at the community level. Finally and perhaps most significantly, there seems to be a greater interest, awareness, and concern by the public of the problem of mental retardation. This progress is encouraging indeed. But, the waiting lists are growing longer and we have not begun to provide enough services to those in need. Construction Grants Under Title I of the "Mental Retardation Facilities and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act of 1963" (P.L. 88-164) grants are awarded for construction of university-affiliated and community facilities. UNIVERSITY-AFFILIATED FACILITIES The authorization for appropriations under P.L. 88-164 for the universityaffiliated facilities grants expired on June 30, 1967. S. 1099 proposes to extend this program for five years. Eighteen facilities with colleges and universities have been approved for funding. Fourteen have been funded. These clinical facilities are designed to provide a full-range of in-patient and out-patient services for the specialized needs of the mentally retarded. The facilities also serve as training centers for professional personnel needed to staff community facilities. In the 14 university-affiliated facilities already funded. nearly 10,000 professionals will receive training annually in medical, paramedical, educational and other specialties related to the needs of the retarded. The total construction cost of the 14 projects already funded is $42 million. of which the Federal share is $30 million. The other four facilities which have been approved, but not yet funded, require a total Federal share of $9.6 million. The amendment would extend the duration of the university-affiliated construction program for five years to include fiscal year 1972, with an authorization of $10 million for fiscal year 1968, and such sums as may be necessary for sueceeding fiscal years. S. 1099 makes two changes in the law relating to university-affiliated facilities. First, it authorizes construction of facilities which may include services to persons with “other neurological handicapping conditions found by the Secretary to be sufficiently related to mental retardation to warrant inclusion" under the university-affiliated program. Second, it allows a portion of the university-affiliated project to be planned and utilized for research activities incidental or related to the purposes spelled out in the existing law. Such a provision will help to assure continuing and welldirected research in mental retardation. COMMUNITY FACILITIES S. 1099 extends the community mental retardation facilities program for four years to include fiscal year 1972. It continues the present authorization of $30 million for fiscal year 1968. For the four succeeding years, "such sums as may be necessary" would be authorized. A total of 167 construction projects for community facilities have been approved for funding. These will serve an estimated 45.000 mentally retarded persons 23,500 of whom are not now receiving services. The estimated total construetion costs of these facilities is $107 million; the Federal share is approximately $31 million. Funds appropriated would be allotted among the States without change from the existing law on the basis of population, extent of need for facilities for the mentally retarded, and financial need of the State. States would set priority among projects competing for approval. Some examples of projects already funded include facilities which will provide diagnostic and evaluation services, residential care, specialized clinical care, vocational rehabilitation, training and social services. For example, the Amarillo State Center for Human Development in Texas is adding diagnostic and evaluation services and a day care center to the care and treatment resources for the mentally retarded in Potter County. The new facility will provide education and training services for 140 retarded persons in the day care program, and diagnostic and evaluation services for 150 to 300 mentally retarded persons each year. New Jersey is establishing a network of six day-care centers at an estimated Federal cost of $731,000. The network will service 302 more retardates. The facilities will provide a daily program of planned activity for mentally retarded persons outside their homes. In New York City the Maimonides School is constructing a new and expanded facility. About 50 retarded persons will be served. This facility will include residential care, a school and a clinic for diagnostic and treatment services. It also will function as an information and referral center. An example of a facility which will render diagnostic services for the retarded is the Opportunity Center School to be established in Birmingham, Alabama. The facility when completed will provide services to an additional 100 retarded persons. STAFFING OF COMMUNITY MENTAL RETARDATION FACILITIES S. 1099 adds a new grant program to assist communities in the initial operation of facilities for the mentally retarded. Such facilities provide all or part of a program of comprehensive services for the mentally retarded, principally designed to service the needs of the community in which the facility is situated. The bill authorizes such grants to meet a portion of the cost of professional and technical personnel for initial operation of new facilities or for new services in existing facilities for the mentally retarded. The grant program, patterned after the staffing support for Community Mental Health Centers, provides for declining Federal participation over a period of four years and three months: 75 percent Federal share for the first 15 months, 60 percent for the next year, 45 percent for the next year, and 30 percent for the last year. Only services in new Federally financed facilities or services not previously furnished would be eligible for Federal assistance. Federal funds would be used to supplement and increase, to the extent practicable, the level of State, local and other non-Federal funds for mental retardation services. An appropriation of $7 million would be authorized for fiscal year 1968 and such sums as may be necessary for the next four fiscal years for initial grants. The bill authorizes such sums as may be necessary to enable the Secretary to make grants for fiscal year 1969 and the next seven years thereafter to facilities which have previously received a grant under this part. State Plans The bill also would require that State construction plans for community mental retardation facilities provide for enforcement of the States' minimum standards of operation of such facilities. Training and Research and Demonstration Programs in the Education of Handicapped Children S. 1099 would extend authority through fiscal year 1972 to prepare educational personnel to work with the handicapped. Also extended under this authority is a program of research and demonstration activities being carried on in this area. These programs are the core activities of the New Bureau of Education for the Handicapped in the U.S. Office of Education which was authorized by Congress in 1966 under Title VI of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. The purpose of the bureau-to extend educational opportunity to every handicapped child cannot be fulfilled without trained personnel to serve these children. The need for trained teachers to work with handicapped children is enormous. Present estimates indicate that we have only 72.000 teachers and specialists in our Nation's school programs for the handicapped-we need over 300,000. Since the inception of the trainee program over 32.000 individual grants have been awarded for training in the education of the handicapped and 245 colleges and universities have received Federal funds to prepare teachers of the handicapped. Research and demonstration activities designed to improve the education of the handicapped are also extremely important and are authorized under this bill. The Bureau of Education for the Handicapped made awards totalling $8.1 million in fiscal year 1967 in the area of research, demonstrations and developmental activities. This program has made an effective contribution to the development of improved teaching techniques for the handicapped. An attachment to this statement includes examples of research being carried on, as well as other information on educational programs made possible through this existing legislative authority. TRAINING AND RESEARCH AND DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMS IN THE EDUCATION OF HANDICAPPED CHILDREN TRAINING OF PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL Some of the major achievements of this program to date are as follows: (1) Since this grant program began, over 32,000 individual grants have been awarded for training in education of the handicapped. (2) Since 1964 the number of participating colleges and universities, i.e.. colleges and universities receiving Federal funds to prepare teachers of the handicapped, has increased from 154 to 245. One hundred and thirty-six colleges and universities have been able to develop teacher training programs in the various areas of the handicapped through a program development grant ander the provisions of P.L. 88-164 as amended. "Program development grants," as the name suggests, are for the purpose of finanically assisting colleges and universities in the initial development or expansion of quality programs of teacher education. A major factor in the awarding of a program development grant for handicapped education is a strong geographical need for a teacher training program. (3) All 50 States, District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands are now actively participating in the grant program. (4) Two follow-up studies conducted by the Office of Education show that over 92 percent of the fellowship and traineeship recipients under this program remain in, or go into, the field of education of the handicapped upon completion of their studies. By contrast, only 60 percent of general education majors who are qualified to teach actually do so after graduation. (5) An estimated 175-200 participating colleges and universities have faculty members and teacher-trainers who are former grant recipients. (6) Through special study institutes the grant program has brought new knowledge and techniques to thousands of on-the-job teachers of handicapped children. These institutes have been particularly beneficial to rural teachers who have not had ready access to college and university programs. RESEARCH AND DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM During 1967 the Bureau of Education for the Handicapped invested $8.1 million in research, demonstration, and developmental activities designed to improve the education of handicapped children. The most significant grant provided $2 million for a comprehensive research and demonstration center for handicapped children to be constructed at Teachers College, Columbia University, New York City. The center will bring together leading researchers and educators who will dedicate their talents to the search for new techniques in education for the handicapped. Other significant advances were made during the year. Researchers in Illinois found that deaf youngsters do not use vision effectively, possibly because of their heavy emphasis on speech and language development. A number of researchers are working on development of a typewriter for the blind that will work without keys or a keyboard. The University of Washington is experimenting with new teacher training techniques for emotionally disturbed children while the University of Texas is exploring the improved use of instructional materials. Yeshiva University in New York City is developing specialized curricula for the mentally retarded. Applications for model special education components to complement the mental retardation university-affiliated facility will serve as prototypes for similar programs at such facilities. Such a program merges educational and medical efforts in a creative new partnership. Of the $11.1 million requested for fiscal year 1968, approximately $2 million will develop and support eight or ten special purpose research programs. We hope to see research institutes attacking specific education problems in each area of the handicapped. Additional institutes will investigate major problem areas which affect more than a single category of handicapped children. We expect to invest $4 million in the support of research and demonstration projects with a high priority given to research relating to curricula and to newer media for the handicapped. Almost $1 million will be invested in research programs while $750,000 will develop research capabilities in settings where little or no research is now undertaken. Remaining funds will go to a variety of special projects such as our joint OE-SRS program for the deaf, and the Instructional Materials Center Program, The CHAIRMAN. You may proceed, Senator Javits. STATEMENT OF HON. JACOB K. JAVITS, A U.S. SENATOR FROM THE STATE OF NEW YORK Senator JAVITS. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased that the committee is today also conducting hearings on my bill S. 389, the Mental Retardation Facilities and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act Amendments of 1967. I introduced this bill, with Senator Prouty, of Vermont as a cosponsor, on January 17 of this year, and ask that my introductory statement in the Senate appear in the record at the conclusion of my remarks. The Board of County Commissioners of Dade County, Fla., earlier this year adopted a resolution endorsing this bill. I ask unanimous consent that this resolution also appear in the record at the conclusion of my remarks. I am pleased that section 4 of H.R. 6430, the House-passed bill, which provides for grants for staffing of community mental retardation facilities, is almost identical with S. 2836, which I had introduced in the last Congress on January 26, 1966. Last year the Senate included in S. 3008 an amendment I sponsored to amend section 401 of the Mental Retardation Facilities and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act of 1963 to permit the acquisition of land to be considered as an authorized cost of construction. Unfortunately, this provision was also lost in the House. However, it is my intention to introduce a similar amendment to H.R. 6430. The mentally retarded can be educated to be useful citizens, self-supporting, and free of institutional care. This legislation will help to achieve this end and also to ease the terrible burden borne by the families of the retarded. Our aid to the mentally retarded can mean the difference between their being a whole human person and being an impersonal statistic in an institution. It is for this reason, Mr. Chairman, that I express my appreciation to the Chair for conducting this hearing. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, sir. Without objection, the resolution of the Dade County, Fla., Board of County Commissioners, submitted by Senator Javits will appear in the record. Senator JAVITS. I also want to put a copy of my letter addressed to Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare into the record reporting a matter brought to my attention by the New York State Association for Retarded Children. The CHAIRMAN. We will put that in the record. The CHAIRMAN. Both will be placed in the record. [From the Congressional Record, Jan. 17, 1967] STAFFING OF MENTAL RETARDATION FACILITIES Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, I introduce for myself and the Senator from Vermont [Mr. Prouty], the Mental Retardation Facilities and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act Amendments of 1967 to provide Federal aid for the staffing of community mental retardation facilities. This bill provides Federal matching grants up to 75 percent for staffing and operations of public and nonprofit private mental retardation facilities. Thus, this proposal would extend to facilities for the mentally retarded the same kind of Federal assistance that was authorized by the 89th Congress to meet initial staffing costs at community mental health centers and at sheltered workshops and rehabilitation facilities. After June 30, 1968, preference would be given to new or expanded services part of the cost of which is paid by State or local public funds. The bill also amends present law to include the cost of acquiring sites as part of construction costs for community mental health centers and mental retardation facilities. This measure is similar to the amendment I sponsored which was included in S. 3008, which passed the Senate on October 3, 1966, but unfortunately this provision was deleted by the House before the bill was sent to the President for signature into law. It has had the support of both the National Association for Retarded Children and the Council for Exceptional Children, the principal organizations in this field. The bill authorizes an appropriation of $7 million for fiscal year 1968, $12 million for fiscal year 1969 and $15 million for each of fiscal years 1970 and 1971. These Federal funds must be used to supplement the level of State and local expenditures for mental retardation facility operations. This measure is, in effect, an investment in rehabilitation. Mentally retarded children can be educated to be useful citizens, in many cases self-supporting, and in most instances to be free of the need for expensive institutional care. If adequately rehabilitated, between 75 percent to 85 percent of the mentally retarded can become self-supporting, and between 10 percent and 20 percent can become partially self-supporting; the remainder will remain completely dependent. More important-and incapable of measurement-is the effect this rehabilitation will have on parents and family to whom the necessity for institutionalization is a shattering experience. And the meaning to the retarded themselves also cannot be measured in money-it is the difference between being a whole human person and being an impersonal statistic in an institution. Three out of every 100 children born are destined to be mentally retarded. Mental retardation is the major cause of disability among the young adults, aged 21 to 35, who receive assistance under the Federal program for aid to the permanent and totally disabled. While communities are spending more than $650 million annually for treatment, education, and training of the mentally retarded, these services fall short of the need for special training and care that is required. They require the staffing assistance provided by this bill. The Mental Retardation Facilities and Community Centers Construction Act of 1963 would be further amended by the measure I introduce today to include the cost of acquiring sites as part of construction costs for mental health centers and mental retardation facilities. Experience has shown that the original act was not broad enough to cover critical situations, especially in urban areas where land is expensive and often difficult to obtain. In urban areas, this shortcoming represents a serious deterrent to the public and private agencies desiring to provide buildings for services. The provision to correct this situation follows the pattern of the amendment to the Vocational Rehabilitation Act adopted by the 89th Congress. While recognizing that the matching formula in the present law is inadequate, I have refrained from including corrective language in my bill at this time. However, when this 90th Congress considers renewal of the present statute, it |