as more land and water areas of the country are subjected to treatments by such pesticidal materials and as the accumulative effects of these chemicals build up in areas subjected to repeated treatment.

Pesticide applications sometimes are the only immediate answer to serious economic or health problems. However, to safeguard the valuable fish and wildlife resources of the Nation, a careful review of the various chemicals must be made and well defined application instruction developed.

A pesticides review staff will be engaged primarily in reviewing referrals from the Department of Agriculture of applications for label registration of chemicals under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act. This review will determine the actual or potential hazards to fish and wildlife from the proposed use of the chemical. A report will be prepared to the Department of Agriculture recommending the approval or disapproval of the application or essential changes in the labeling of the product so that fish and wildlife resources may be given maximum protection while the beneficial uses of pesticides are realized. To a similar but lesser extent the staff will assist and advise the Food and Drug Administration in establishing tolerances.

The staff will be composed of senior scientists who have intimate knowledge of research and research results but they will not be involved in any way with conduct of the research in performing their duties. Research, per se, deals with the actual or predictable results of known, measurable factors in a definite set of circumstances, for example, the effects on an animal of ingestion of a definite quantity of a chemical over a specified period. The practical application of the results of research often, as in the case of the work of the pesticides review staff, becomes a judgment matter dealing with a larger number of variables which must be presupposed, but cannot be precisely measured. For example, what are the possible results of the use of a particular chemical in varying amounts in scattered environments during different seasons. Such judgments cannot be empirical; they must be intuitive and call on a store of knowledge in many fields and past experience. The problem must be considered as it relates to a complex, natural environment, not as it exists in the laboratory under controlled conditions.

Thus, the scientists must evaluate, under the agreement for interdepartmental coordination of activities relating to pesticides, the toxicities and potential hazards of such pesticide chemicals to different species of fish and wildlife, and recommend to the other departments such limitations in their proposed manner of use as are deemed necessary to prevent injury to fish and wildlife resources.

Mr. KIRWAN. Mr. Parker, do you have a statement?
(The following statement was submitted for the record:)

GENERAL STATEMENT OF LANSING A. PARKER, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR, BUREAU OF
SPORT FISHERIES AND WILDLIFE

Mr. Chairman and members of the committee, thank you for the opportunity to discuss the 1965 supplemental budget estimates for the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife.

The supplemental estimate of $1,050,000 for the management and investigations of resources appropriation covers two activities: "Administration of wildlife resources" and a new one. "Pesticides registration."

An amount of $900.000 is needed to replace the loss of revenue from the Bureau's 75-percent share of $1,200,000 in oil royalties. The $900.000 was included in the budget for 1965. These royalties are normally credited to refuge receipts of which 75 percent is made available as supplemental financing for the national wildlife refuge and law enforcement programs. The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals rendered a decision which held that the United States is not entitled to the oil royalties accruing on the Delta refuge. The Department of Justice filed a petition for rehearing but in view of the decision, the oil company has not made any royalty payments to the Government since February 28, 1964, and the royalties actually deposited before then cannot be used. The Bureau's appropriations for 1965 provide for only the most urgent needs and this supplemental appropriation of $900,000 is essential to avoid a crippling blow to the refuge program. No new positions are being proposed as 34 positions included in the President's budget for the permanent appropriation will now be transferred to the annual appropriation.

An amount of $150,000 and eight permanent positions are needed for the initiation of a new activity, "Pesticides registration." This amount will implement the recommendations in the report, "Use of Pesticides," of the President's Science Advisory Committee. The Secretaries of Agriculture, Interior, and Health, Education, and Welfare signed a formal agreement for the interdepartmental coordination of activities relating to pesticides. The Bureau's responsibility under the agreement, is to review the pesticide applications presented for registration to determine the toxicities and potential hazards of such pesticide chemicals to different species of fish and wildlife and recommend to the Agricultural Research Service and Food and Drug Administration such limitations in the registration procedure as are deemed necessary to prevent injury to fish and wildlife resources.

REPLACEMENT OF OIL REVENUES

Mr. KIRWAN. $900,000 of this request is to replace the loss of oil revenues used for the financing of the administration of wildlife resources. Please explain why these oil revenues will not be available for the current year as originally planned.

Mr. PARKER. The revenues that have been accrued from this particular refuge are tied up in litigation now. There was a stipulation in the original deed that indicated up to the end of the 10-year period the landowner would have the opportunity to enjoy the oil rights if he had done any work.

Mr. KIRWAN. Explain briefly the items that would be financed with this $900,000.

Mr. PARKER. This is a part of the refuge management program and it will include work we normally do, the maintenance of dikes, the planting of food crops, and so on.

PESTICIDES REGISTRATION

Mr. KIRWAN. The balance of the request, $150,000, is to initiate a new activity, "Pesticides registration."

Explain what this activity will consist of and why it is urgent.

Mr. PARKER. This is a small staff that will review the applications for pesticides that the Agriculture Department receives. We assist them in reviewing these applications, the content of the label, to determine what the effect will be on fish and wildlife and we make a recommendation to Agriculture.

Mr. KIRWAN. How many referrals from the Department of Agriculture of these applications for label registration of chemicals do you expect to receive during the current fiscal year?

Mr. PARKER. This will run between 400 and 500 applications and renewals for applications a week. There will be in the neighborhood of 50 to 60 new chemicals.

Mr. KIRWAN. To what extent is your Bureau now performing this function?

Mr. PARKER. We are just now laying the groundwork to do this. We have not gotten into the operation.

Mr. KIRWAN. What work will be performed by the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare concerning the registration of pesticides in this regard?

Mr. PARKER. The Department of Agriculture has the main responsibility and they will make the final determination as to whether the chemicals should be registered or not. We will be supplying information to help them in their judgment. The same arrangement

will apply in the application of tolerances by the Food and Drug Administration.

Mr. KIRWAN. This estimate provides for eight new permanent positions. Why can't this extra work be absorbed by existing staff?

Mr. PARKER. This requires a staff of rather highly trained technicians, people who are unusual and hard to find, particularly in the pesticide field. We are hoping to get these people, but they are extremely difficult to find.

Mr. KIRWAN. The regular bill carried $2,063,000 for pesticide research. Why can't some of these funds be utilized for this new activity?

Mr. PARKER. Well, we would view this not as research but as a service function we are rendering in connection with the registration. Any funds we use in our pesticide registration program will decrease our current research program by the amount that would be used in this particular program.

BULLS ISLAND, S.C.

Mr. KIRWAN. We have had a request for $125,000 to repair facilities damaged and destroyed by high winds and low tide at the Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge near Charleston, S.C. Please describe this damage and tell us what would be involved in the repair or replacement of the facilities.

Mr. PARKE". On November 29, 1963, there were extremely high winds and a low tide on Bulls Island and water rushed out and wind with it that inundated and completely broke the dock. We would propose to rebuild the dock, a boat shelter for refuge and concessionaire's boats, and mooring facilities. Presently we are using a floating dock which makes it difficult for the public to come on board. (The following statement was submitted for the record :)

BUREAU OF SPORT FISHERIES AND WILDLIFE

CAPE ROMAIN NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE

On November 29, 1963, a combination of high winds and an extremely low tide resulted in a landslide of mud in Wharf Creek at Bulls Island, Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge, located near Charleston, S.C. This mudslide caused $125,000 in damaged facilities and destroyed the landing dock and mooring facilities at Bulls Island.

Bulls Island is one of the most unique areas in the national wildlife refuge system. In addition to providing a wintering site for thousands of waterfowl, it possesses a rare combination of flora and fauna. The island, though accessible only by boat, is visited annually by hundreds of people, many of whom travel great distances, primarily for bird study and wildlife photography. Overnight accommodations are provided on the island by the Bureau through a

concessionaire.

To take care of the many visitors, to facilitate handling of supplies and materials which are brought to the island by boats and barges for refuge and concession operation and to provide for safe mooring of floating equipment, adequate docking facilities are essential. Since the freak mudslide occurred, refuge personnel and visitors have had to get by with only a small temporary floating dock. This provides, at best, an inconvenient and hazardous facility. The fluctuation of water levels, due to normal tides, adds to the hazard. There is also no longer any protected mooring facility for boats during frequent storms which occur in this area.

One hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars will permit construction of a dock which will be accessible at all tides, a boat shelter for refuge and concessionaire's boats, and mooring facilities for the refuge LCM which is used for equipment transport.

Mr. KIRWAN. I can see the damage from the picture.