each major defense acquisition program under the jurisdiction of such Secretary.

(2) The baseline shall include sufficient parameters to describe the cost estimate (referred to as the "Baseline Estimate" in section 2433 of this title), schedule, performance, supportability, and any other factor of such major defense acquisition program.

(b) FUNDING LIMIT.-No amount appropriated or otherwise made available to the Department of Defense for carrying out a major defense acquisition program may be obligated after the program enters engineering and manufacturing development without an approved baseline description unless such obligation is specifically approved by the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology.

(c) SCHEDULE.-A baseline description for a major defense acquisition program shall be prepared under this section

(1) before the program enters demonstration and valida

tion;

(2) before the program enters engineering and manufacturing development; and

(3) before the program enters production and deployment. (d) REGULATIONS.-The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe regulations governing the following:

(1) The content of baseline descriptions under this section. (2) The submission to the Secretary of the military department concerned and the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology by the program manager for a program for which there is an approved baseline description under this section of reports of deviations from the baseline of the cost, schedule, performance, supportability, or any other factor of the program.

(3) Procedures for review of such deviation reports within the Department of Defense.

(4) Procedures for submission to, and approval by, the Secretary of Defense of revised baseline descriptions.

(Added by identical amendments P.L. 99-500, 99-591, 99-661, 88101(c) [8904(a)], 101(c) [§ 904(a)], 904(a), Oct. 18, Oct. 30, Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 1783-133, 3341-133, 3912, and amended P.L. 100-26, §7(bX6), April 21, 1987, 101 Stat. 280; P.L. 100-180, §803(b), Dec. 4, 1987, 101 Stat. 1125; P.L. 100-370, 81(iX1), July 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 848; P.L. 101-189, §811(b), Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1493; P.L. 101-510, 881207(b), 1484(k)(11), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1665, 1719; P.L. 103-160, §904(d), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1728, revised in its entirety P.L. 103-355, §3005(a), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3330.)

[§ 2436. Repealed. P.L. 103–160, § 821(a)(5), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1704]

[§ 2437. Repealed. P.L. 103-160, §821(a)(5), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1704]

[§ 2438. Repealed. P.L. 103-355, 3006(a), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3331]

[§ 2439. Repealed. P.L. 103–355, §3007(a), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3331]

§ 2440. Technology and Industrial Base Plans

The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe regulations requiring consideration of the national technology and industrial base in the

development and implementation of acquisition plans for each major defense acquisition program.

(Added P.L. 102-484, § 4216(b), Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2669.)

CHAPTER 145-CATALOGING AND STANDARDIZATION

Sec.

2451.

2452.

2453.

2454.

[2455.

2456.

2457.

2458.

Inventory management policies.

§ 2451. Defense supply management

(a) The Secretary of Defense shall develop a single catalog system and related program of standardizing supplies for the Department of Defense.

Defense supply management.
Duties of Secretary of Defense.

Supply catalog: distribution and use.
Supply catalog: new or obsolete items.

Repealed.]

Coordination with General Services Administration.

Standardization of equipment with North Atlantic Treaty Organization members.

(b) In cataloging, the Secretary shall name, describe, classify, and number each item recurrently used, bought, stocked, or distributed by the Department of Defense, so that only one distinctive combination of letters or numerals, or both, identifies the same item throughout the Department of Defense. Only one identification may be used for each item for all supply functions from purchase to final disposal in the field or other area. The catalog may consist of a number of volumes, sections, or supplements. It shall include all items of supply and, for each item, information needed for supply operations, such as descriptive and performance data, size, weight, cubage, packaging and packing data, a standard quantitative unit of measurement, and other related data that the Secretary determines to be desirable.

(c) In standardizing supplies the Secretary shall, to the highest degree practicable

(1) standardize items used throughout the Department of Defense by developing and using single specifications, eliminating overlapping and duplicate specifications, and reducing the number of sizes and kinds of items that are generally similar; (2) standardize the methods of packing, packaging, and preserving such items; and

(3) make efficient use of the services and facilities for inspecting, testing, and accepting such items.

(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 138; Sept. 2, 1958, P.L. 85-861, § 33(a)(13), 72 Stat. 1565.) $2452. Duties of Secretary of Defense

The Secretary of Defense shall

(1) develop and maintain the supply catalog, and the standardization program, described in section 2451 of this title;

(2) direct and coordinate progressive use of the supply catalog in all supply functions within the Department of Defense from the determination of requirements through final disposal;

(3) direct, review, and approve

(A) the naming, description, and pattern of description of all items;

(B) the screening, consolidation, classification, and numbering of descriptions of all items; and

(C) the publication and distribution of the supply cata

log;

(4) maintain liaison with industry advisory groups to coordinate the development of the supply catalog and the standardization program with the best practices of industry and to obtain the fullest practicable cooperation and participation of industry in developing the supply catalog and the standardization program;

(5) establish, publish, review, and revise, within the Department of Defense, military specifications, standards, and lists of qualified products, and resolve differences between the military departments, bureaus, and services with respect to them;

(6) assign responsibility for parts of the cataloging and the standardization programs to the military departments, bureaus, and services within the Department of Defense, when practical and consistent with their capacity and interest in those supplies;

(7) establish time schedules for assignments made under clause (6); and

(8) make final decisions in all matters concerned with the cataloging and standardization programs.

(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 139.)

§ 2453. Supply catalog: distribution and use

The Secretary of Defense shall distribute the parts of the supply catalog described in section 2451 of this title as they are completed. Existing catalogs shall be replaced according to schedules established by the Secretary. After replacement no other supply catalog may be used within the Department of Defense with respect to the kinds of items covered by that part. All property reports and records shall use the nomenclature, item numbers, and descriptive data of the supply catalog.

(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 139.)

§ 2454. Supply catalog: new or obsolete items

(a) After any part of the supply catalog described in section 2451 of this title is distributed, and with respect to the kinds of items covered by that part, only the items listed in it may be procured for recurrent use in the Department of Defense. However, a military department may acquire any new item that is necessary to carry out its mission. As soon as such an item is acquired, it shall be submitted to the Secretary for inclusion in the catalog and the standardization program.

(b) Obsolete items may be deleted from the catalog at any time. (Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 140.)

[§ 2455. Repealed. P.L. 101-510, § 1322(a)(9), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1671]

§2456. Coordination with General Services Administration

To avoid unnecessary duplication, the Administrator of General Services and the Secretary of Defense shall coordinate the cataloging and standardization activities of the General Services Administration and the Department of Defense.

(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 140.)

§ 2457. Standardization of equipment with North Atlantic Treaty Organization members

(a) It is the policy of the United States to standardize equipment, including weapons systems, ammunition, and fuel, procured for the use of the armed forces of the United States stationed in Europe under the North Atlantic Treaty or at least to make that equipment interoperable with equipment of other members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. To carry out this policy, the Secretary of Defense shall

(1) assess the costs and possible loss of nonnuclear combat effectiveness of the military forces of the members of the Organization caused by the failure of the members to standardize equipment;

(2) maintain a list of actions to be taken, including an evaluation of the priority and effect of the action, to standardize equipment that may improve the overall nonnuclear defense capability of the Organization or save resources for the Organization; and

or

(3) initiate and carry out, to the maximum extent feasible, procurement procedures to acquire standardized interoperable equipment, considering the cost, function, quality, and availability of the equipment.

(b) Progress in realizing the objectives of standardization and interoperability would be enhanced by expanded inter-Allied procurement of arms and equipment within the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Expanded inter-Allied procurement would be made easier by greater reliance on licensing and coproduction cooperative agreements among the signatories of the North Atlantic Treaty. If constructed to preserve the efficiencies associated with economies of scale, the agreements could minimize potential economic hardship to parties to the agreements and increase the survivability, in time of war, of the North Atlantic Alliance's armaments production base by dispersing manufacturing facilities. In conjunction with other members of the Organization and to the maximum extent feasible, the Secretary shall

(1) identify areas in which those cooperative agreements may be made with members of the Alliance; and

(2) negotiate those agreements.

(c)(1) It is the sense of Congress that weapons systems being developed wholly or primarily for employment in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization theater should conform to a common Organization requirement in order to proceed toward joint doctrine and planning and to facilitate maximum feasible standardization and interoperability of equipment, and that a common Organization re