GENERALLY USEFUL TECHNICAL DATA.

The standard American barrel is equal to 1.173 hectolitres, or 31 gallons, of 8.339 pounds, or 258.5 pounds of water at 39.2 F. To determine the degree of real fermentation of a beer multiply the percentage of alcohol by 200, and divide by the original gravity of the wort.

To find from the specific gravity, the approximate percentage of extract in brewers' wort, subtract one and divide the balance by .00399.

To transform the specific gravity into Long degrees, subtract one and multiply by 360.

COMPARATIVE TABLE OF THE COMPOSITION OF THE CEREALS
USED BY BREWERS IN THE BREWING
OF MODERN BEERS.

NECESSARY DETERMINATIONS TO BE MADE BY CHEMISTS IN

THE ANALYSIS OF BREWING WATER.

(1) Hardness before boiling.

(2) Hardness after boiling.

(3) Total solid residue after evaporation.

(4) Residue after calcining the above at low red heat.

(5) Bases and acids.

(6) Free ammonia.

(7) Albuminoid or organic ammonia.

(8) Oxygen required to oxidize the organic matter in five minutes at 80° F.

(9) Oxygen required to oxidize the organic matter in 3 hours at 80° F. (10) Nitrous acid or nitrites.

(11) Nitric acid or nitrites.

Square Kilometres X247.1=acres.

Hectare X2.471=acres.

Cubic Centimetres÷16.383-cubic inches.

Cubic Centimetres÷3.69-fi.drams (u. S. P.)

Cubic Centimetres÷29.57=fluid oz. (u. S. P.)
Cubic Metres X35.315-cubic feet.

Cubic MetresX1.308-cubic yards.

Cubic Metres X264.2=gallons (231. cubic inches.)
Litres X61.022-cubic inches. (Act Congress.)
Litres X33.84-fluid ounces. (U. S. PHAR.)
Litres X.2642=gallons (231. cubic inches.)
Litres÷3.78 gallons (231. cubic inches.)
Litres 28.316-cubic feet.

Hectolitres X3.531-cubic feet.

Hectolitres X2.84-bushels (2150.42 cubic inches.)
Hectolitres X.131-cubic yards.

Hectolitres÷26.42=gallons (231. cubic inches.)
Grammes X15.432-grains. (Act Congress.)

Grammes÷981.=dynes.

Grammes (water)÷29.57=fluid ounces.
Grammes÷28.35 ounces avoirdupois.

Grammes per cu. cent.÷27.7 lbs. per cubic inch.
Joule X.7373=foot pounds.

Kilo-grammes X2.2046-pounds.

Kilo-grammes X35.3 ounces avoirdupois.

Kilo-grammes÷907.2=tons (2,000 lbs.)

Kilo-gr. per sq. cent. X14.223 lbs. per square inch.

Kilo-gram-metres X7.233-foot pounds.

Kilo-gr. per Metre X.672=pounds per foot.

Kilo-gr. per Cu. Metrex.062=pounds per cubic foot.

Kilo-gr. per Cheval X2.235 pounds per H. P.

Kilo-Watts X1.34-Horse Power.

Watts÷746.-Horse Power.

Watts X.7373-foot pounds per second.

Calorie X3.968-B. T. U.

Cheval vapeur X.9863-Horse Power.

(CentigradeX1.8)+32=degree Fahrenheit.

FrancX.193=dollars.