POLITICAL DISCRIMINATION AND POLITICAL ACTIVITY

SEC. 107. (a) No officer or employee of the executive branch of the Federal Government shall make any inquiry concerning the political affiliation or beliefs of any enrollee or applicant for enrollment in the Corps. All disclosures concerning such matters shall be ignored, except as to such membership in political parties or organizations as constitutes by law a disqualification for Government employment. No discrimination shall be exercised, threatened or promised by any person in the executive branch of the Federal Government against or in favor of any enrollee in the Corps, or any applicant for enrollment in the Corps because of his political affiliation or beliefs, except as may be specifically authorized or required by law.

(b) No officer, employee or enrollee of the Corps shall take any active part in political management or in political campaigns, except as may be provided by or pursuant to statute, and no such officer, employee or enrollee shall use his official position or influence for the purpose of interfering with an election or affecting the result thereof. All such persons shall retain the right to vote as they may choose and to express, in their private capacities, their opinions on all political subjects and candidates. Any officer, employee, enrollee or Federal employee who solicits funds for political purposes from members of the Corps, shall be in violation of the Corrupt Practices Act.

(c) Whenever the United States Civil Service Commission finds that any person has violated the foregoing provisions, it shall, after giving due notice and opportunity for explanation to the officer or employee or enrollee concerned, certify the facts to the Director with specific instructions as to discipline or dismissal or other corrective actions.

STATE-OPERATED YOUTH CAMPS

SEC. 108. The Director is authorized to enter into agreements with States to assist in the operation or administration of State-operated programs which carry out the purpose of this part. The Director may, pursuant to such regulations as he may adopt, pay part or all of the operative or administrative costs of such programs.

REQUIREMENT FOR STATE APPROVAL OF CONSERVATION CAMPS AND

TRAINING CENTERS

SEC. 109. In carrying out the provisions of part A of this title no conservation camp, training center or other similar facility designed to carry out the purposes of this Act, shall be established within a State unless a plan setting forth such proposed establishment has been submitted to the Governor of the State and such plan has not been disapproved by him within thirty days of such submission.

YOUTH CONSERVATION CORPS1

SEC. 110. Within the Job Corps there is authorized a Youth Conservation Corps in which at any one time no less than 40 per centum of the male 2 enrollees under this part shall be assigned to camps where

1 Heading "YOUTH CONSERVATION CORPS" added by sec. 901 (a) of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1966, 80 Stat. 1475.

2 The word "male" was added by sec. 7 of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1965, 79 Stat.

their work activity is directed primarily toward conserving, developing, and managing the public natural resources of the Nation, and developing, managing, and protecting public recreational areas. Such work activity shall be performed under the direction of members of agencies charged with the responsibility of conserving, developing, and managing the public natural resources and of developing, managing, and protecting public recreational areas.

STANDARDS OF CONDUCT

SEC. 111. (a) Within Job Corps camps and centers, standards of conduct and deportment shall be provided and stringently enforced. In the case of violations committed by enrollees, dismissals from the Corps or transfers to other locations shall be made in every instance where it is determined that retention in the Corps, or in the particular Job Corps camp or center, will jeopardize the enforcement of such standards of conduct and deportment or diminish the opportunity of other enrollees.

(b) In order to promote the proper moral and disciplinary conditions in Job Corps conservation camps and training centers, the individual directors of Job Corps camps and centers shall be given full authority to take appropriate disciplinary measures against enrollees including, but not limited to, dismissal from the Job Corps, subject to expeditious appeal procedures to higher authority, as provided under regulation set by the Director.

(c) The Director shall establish appropriate procedures to insure that the transfer of Job Corps enrollees from State or local jurisdiction shall in no way violate parole or probationary procedures of the State. In the event procedures have been established under which the enrollment of a youth subject to parole or probationary jurisdiction is acceptable to appropriate State authorities, the Director shall make provisions for regular supervision of the enrollee and for reports to such State authorities to conform with the appropriate parole and probationary requirements in such State.

EXPERIMENTAL AND DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS

SEC. 111-1.2 The Director shall arrange, through grants or contracts, for the carrying out of experimental and demonstration projects (of which not to exceed four may involve the construction of new camps or centers) providing youth employment and training on a combined residential and nonresidential basis. Such projects may involve the use of resources or authority under both this part and part B of this title, pursuant to agreements with the Secretary of Labor where funds under part B of this tltle are so used, and the Director is authorized to waive any provision of such parts which he finds would prevent the carrying out of elements of such projects essential to a determination and demonstration of their feasibility and usefulness. The Director shall report to the Congress a full description of actions taken and progress made under this section no later than March 1, 1968.

1 This section added by sec. 110 of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1966, 80 Stat. 1453. 2 This section added by sec. 111 of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1966, 80 Stat. 1454.

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PART B WORK TRAINING PROGRAMS 1

NEIGHBORHOOD YOUTH CORPS

SEC. 112.2 (a) The Director shall formulate and carry out(1) programs to provide part-time employment, on-the-job training and useful work experience for students from low-income families who are in the ninth through twelfth grades of school (or are of an age equivalent to that of students in such grades) who are in need of the earnings to permit them to resume or maintain attendance in school, and

(2) programs to provide unemployed individuals useful work experience and on-the-job training, combined where needed with educational and training assistance, including basic literacy and occupational training designed to assist the individuals to develop their maximum occupational potential. Enrollment shall be limited to individuals aged sixteen through twenty-one years.

(b) In determining for purposes of paragraph (1) of subsection (a) whether a student is from a low-income family, the Director shall consider a student to be from such a family if the family receives cash welfare payments.

FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE

SEC. 113.3 (a) The Director is authorized to enter into agreements

1 Powers of the Director of the Office of Economic Opportunity under Part B were delegated to the Secretary of Labor, subject to the reporting and coordination provisions of sec. 611 of the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964, by a delegation approved by the President on October 24, 1964, 29 F.R. 14764, October 29, 1964.

2 This section and section 113, infra, were added by sec. 112(a) of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1966, 80 Stat. 1454, and replace former sections 111, 112 and 113 of the Economic Opportunity Act. Prior to this amendment, sections 111 and 112 were headed, respectively, "STATEMENT OF PURPOSE" and "DEVELOPMENT OF PROGRAMS" and read as follows:

"SEC. 111. The purpose of this part is to provide useful work experience opportunities for unemployed young men and young women, through participation in State and community work-training programs, so that their employability may be increased or their education resumed or continued and so that public agencies and private nonprofit organizations (other than political parties) will be enabled to carry out programs which will permit or contribute to an undertaking or service in the public interest that would not otherwise be provided, or will contribute to the conservation and development of natural resources and recreational areas.'

"SEC. 112. In order to carry out the purposes of this part, the Director shall assist and cooperate with State and local agencies and private nonprofit organizations (other than political parties) in developing programs for the employment of young people in State and community activities hereinafter authorized, which, whenever appropriate, shall be coordinated with programs of training and education provided by local public educational agencies."

3 See preceding note. Former section 113, also headed "FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE" read as follows: "SEC. 113. (a) The Director is authorized to enter into agreements providing for the payment by him of part or all of the cost of a State or local program submitted hereunder if he determines, in accordance with such regulations as he may prescribe, that

(1) enrollees in the program will be employed either (A) on publicly owned and operated facilities or projects, or (B) on local projects sponsored by private nonprofit organizations (other than political parties), other than projects involving the construction, operation, or maintenance of so much of any facility used or to be used for sectarian instruction or as a place for religious worship;

(2) the program will increase the employability of the enrollees by providing work experience and training in occupational skills or pursuits in classifications in which the Director finds there is a reasonable expectation of employment, or will enable student enrollees to resume or to maintain school attendance; (3) the program will permit or contribute to an undertaking or service in the public interest that would not otherwise be provided, or will contribute to the conservation, development, or management of the natural resources of the State or community or to the development, management, or protection of State or community recreational areas;

(4) the program will not result in the displacement of employed workers or impair existing contracts for services;

(5) the rates of pay and other conditions of employment will be appropriate and reasonable in the light of such factors as the type of work performed, geographical region, and proficiency of the employee; (6) to the maximum extent feasible, the program will be coordinated with vocational training and educational services adapted to the special needs of enrollees in such program and sponsored by State or local public educational agencies: Provided, however, That where such services are inadequate or unavailable, the program may make provision for the enlargement, improvement, development, and coordination of such services with the cooperation of, or where appropriate pursuant to agreement with, the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare; and

(7) the program includes standards and procedures for the selection of applicants, including provisions assuring full coordination and cooperation with local and other authorities to encourage students to resume or maintain school attendance.

(b) In approving projects under this part, the Director shall give priority to projects with high training potential."

providing for the payment by him of part or all of the cost of a program submitted under section 112 if he determines, in accordance with such regulations as he may prescribe, that

(1) enrollees will be employed either (A) on publicly owned and operated facilities or projects, or (B) on local projects sponsored by private organizations;

(2) no enrollees will be employed on projects involving political parties, or the construction, operation, or maintenance of so much of any facility as is used or to be used for sectarian instruction or as a place for religious worship;

(3) the program will not result in the displacement of employed workers or impair existing contracts for services; and

(4) the rates of pay for time spent in work, training or education and other conditions of employment will be appropriate and reasonable in the light of such factors as the type of work performed, geographical region, and proficiency of the employee.

(b) In approving on-the-job training projects with other than public or private nonprofit organizations, the Director is authorized to enter into agreements to pay reasonable training costs but not wages paid to enrollees for services performed.

(c) In approving projects under this part, the Director shall give priority to projects with high training potential and high potential for contributing to the upward mobility of the trainee.

ENROLLEES IN PROGRAM

SEC. 114. (a) Enrollment in programs under this part shall be limited to young men and women who are permanent residents of the United States, and whose participation in such programs will be consistent with the purposes of this part. For purposes of this subsection, any native and citizen of Cuba who arrived in the United States from Cuba as a nonimmigrant or as a parolee subsequent to January 1, 1959, under the provisions of section 214(a) or 212(d)(5), respectively, of the Immigration and Nationality Act shall be considered a permanent resident of the United States.2

(b) Enrollees shall be deemed not to be Federal employees and shall not be subject to the provisions of laws relating to Federal employment, including those relating to hours of work, rates of compensation, leave, unemployment compensation, and Federal employee benefits.

(c) Where appropriate to carry out the purposes of this Act, the Director may provide for testing, counseling, job development, and referral services to youths through public agencies or private 3 organizations.

1 Sec. 114(a) amended by sec. 112(b) of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1966, 80 Stat. 1455, which deleted the first word "Participation" and inserted in lieu thereof "Enrollment", and deleted the words "who have attained age sixteen but have not attained age twenty-two," after "United States". 2 This sentence was added by Sec. 8 of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1965, 79 Stat. 974. 3 Sec. 114 (c) amended by sec. 112(c) of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1966, 80 Stat. 1455, which deleted the word "nonprofit" after "private".

LIMITATIONS ON FEDERAL ASSISTANCE

SEC. 115. Federal assistance to any program pursuant to this part 1 shall not exceed 90 per centum of the costs of such program, including costs of administration, unless the Director determines, pursuant to regulations adopted and promulgated by him establishing objective criteria for such determinations, that assistance in excess of such percentages is required in furtherance of the purposes of this part. NonFederal contributions may be in cash or in kind, fairly evaluated, including but not limited to plant, equipment, and services.

EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION OF ASSISTANCE

SEC. 116. The Director shall establish criteria designed to achieve an equitable distribution of assistance under this part among the States. In developing such criteria, he shall consider among other relevant factors the ratios of population, unemployment, and family income levels. Not more than 122 per centum of the sums appropriated or allocated for any fiscal year to carry out the purposes of this part shall be used within any one State.

PART C-WORK-STUDY PROGRAMS 2

STATEMENT OF PURPOSE

SEC. 121. The purpose of this part is to stimulate and promote the part-time employment of students, particularly students from lowincome families, in institutions of higher education who are in need of the earnings from such employment to pursue courses of study at such institutions.

4

ALLOTMENTS TO STATES

SEC. 122. (a) From the sums appropriated to carry out this title for a fiscal year, the Commissioner of Education (hereinafter in this part referred to as the "Commissioner") shall reserve the amount needed for making grants under section 123. Not to exceed 2 per centum of the amount so reserved shall be allotted by the Commissioner among Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, and the Virgin Islands according to their

1 Sec. 115 amended by sec. 112(d) of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1966, 80 Stat. 1455, which deleted "paid for the period ending three years after the date of enactment of this Act" after the words "pursuant to this part", and deleted the words "and such assistance paid for periods thereafter shall not exceed 50 per centum of such costs," after the words "costs of administration". Previously, sec. 9 of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1965, 79 Stat. 974, amended this sentence with respect to the period during which Federal assistance shall not exceed 90 per centum of costs. Prior to that amendment, sec. 115 provided that the period should end "two" years after the date of enactment of the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 "or June 30, 1966, whichever is later".

2 Administration of Part C of title I of the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 was transferred from the Director of the Office of Economic Opportunity to the Commissioner of Education by sec. 441 of the Higher Education Act of 1965, Public Law 89-329 November 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1249. Prior to enactment of the Higher Education Act of 1965, powers of the Director of the Office of Economic Opportunity under Part C had been delegated to the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare, by a delegation approved by the President on October 24, 1964, 29 F. R. 14764, October 29, 1964.

3 Sec. 441 of the Higher Education Act of 1965, Public Law 89-329, November 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1249, amended this sentence to read as set forth in the text. Prior to this amendment, the sentence read as follows:

"The purpose of this part is to stimulate and promote the part-time employment of students in institutions of higher education who are from low-income families and are in need of the earnings from such employment to pursue courses of study at such institutions.'

4 Sec. 441 of the Higher Education Act of 1965, Public Law 89-329, November 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1249, amended this section by striking out the word "Director" in the first sentence and inserting the words "Commissioner of Education" (hereinafter in Part C referred to as the "Commissioner"), and by striking out the word "Director" wherever that word appeared in the other provisions of Part C and inserting the word "Commissioner".