1957. "The Peoria Recharge Pit, Its Development and Results," Max Suter, Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage Division, American Society of Civil Engineers.

HONOLULU WATER SUPPLY

Mr. Edward J. Morgan, manager and chief engineer, Board of Water Supply, Honolulu, Hawaii, presents very good information in his article "Honolulu Water Supply," published in the Journal of AWWA, November 1957. At the time of the writing Mr. Morgan pointed out that the population of the Hawaiian Islands exceeded a half million and 75 percent lived on the island of Oahu. Honolulu, capital of Hawaii, had a population slightly in excess of 285,000.

Honolulu's public water system, one of the oldest in the United States west of the Mississippi, was installed in 1848 primarily to serve the whaling ships. The system grew not withstanding 30 years of perplexing problems of potability, palatibility, and adequacy of supply. In 1879 artesian water was discovered on the island and in 1895 the public water system began using artesian wells. The rapid development of wells in many areas of the island lead to steady depletion of accumulated artesian ground water supply and consequent depletion of many wells due to sea water intrusion. Realization of the danger of salt water contamination led to creation of the Honolulu Board of Water Supply in 1929 and programs for water conservation, artesian well control, and development of underground pumping stations. By these programs the line against the declining artesian pressures has been held except during the years of World War II and the Korean conflict when abnormal demands for water were met without serious threat to existing reserves.

The board, being cognizant of need for additional water in the future to supply a growing city, has included in its research and investigations, possible development of surface supplies. So far they have found that due to high permeability of the valley walls impoundment of surface waters in the valleys is not feasible. Since the streams are flashy, dependable yield from surface waters is not very large but increasing attention is being directed toward fuller use and conservation of these supplies.

Mr. Morgan ends his article with the following:

"Although much more work needs to be done before the demineralization of brackish and sea water is to be perfected, staff engineers and chemists in Honolulu are nevertheless following all developments with great interest, because there are several areas within the Territory where demineralized water will undoubtedly be used within a few years."

STATISTICAL SUMMARY OF WATER SUPPLY AND TREATMENT PRACTICES IN THE UNITED STATES (1948)-U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE PHS

Source of water supply for number of communities and population servedarranged by population groups, States, and geographical areas

Source of water supply for number of communities and population served— arranged by population group, States, and geographical areas-Continued

1958 inventory, municipal water facilities—Preliminary data
[Number of facilities and population served by source of water]

1958 inventory, municipal water facilities-Preliminary data
[Number of facilities and population served by source of water (by percentage)]

Senator RANDOLPH. Senator Metcalf.

Senator METCALF. Mr. Chairman, I have no questions at this time. Senator RANDOLPH. Senator Muskie.

Senator MUSKIE. Just one, Mr. Chairman. I assume you have information as to what States have programs of their own, either matching the Federal program or supplementary to it?

Dr. PORTERFIELD. Yes, sir.

Senator MUSKIE. I wonder if we might have an analysis of those programs in the record?

Dr. PORTERFIELD. We will be very happy to do that, sir. This is with respect to matching programs for municipal waste treatment? Senator MUSKIE. Yes.

Dr. PORTERFIELD. Yes, sir.
Senator MUSKIE. That is all.

(The information referred to follows:)

STATE LEGISLATION PROVIDING FINANCIAL AID FOR SEWAGE TREATMENT FACILITIES

CALIFORNIA

State water pollution control fund of $1 million is available for making loans at 2 percent interest to municipalities and districts for the construction of sewerage and storm drainage facilities.

Loans are made by the State water pollution control board subject to the approval of the State director of finance. In order for such loans to be made, it must be determined that the facilities are necessary for health and welfare of the inhabitants, funds are not available, commercial sale of revenue bonds is impossible, and the proposed repayment plan is feasible (ch. 221, statutes of 1953).

GEORGIA

Provides a State grant to any county, municipality, or any combination of the same to assist in the construction of those water pollution control projects as qualify for Federal aid and assistance under the provisions of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act. The State's contribution matches the Federal grant of 30 percent or $250,000, whichever is less. The State board of health is to administer the State grants in direct conjunction with the administration of Federal funds granted. Determination of the relative need, priority of projects, and standards of construction are to be consistent with the Federal Water Pollution Control Act provisions (act 73, laws 1961, house bill 175, approved Mar. 6, 1961).

INDIANA

A revolving fund of $500,000 has been created to assist units of government to defray the cost of preparing surveys, plans and specifications for the construction of public buildings, publicly owned and operated facilities, utilities and services. Loans are made by the State board of finance upon the report and recommendations of the Indiana Economic Council which has the responsibility for review and investigation of the application and certification of the amount which may be loaned upon any said application. Any amount loaned is an obligation of the unit of government and must be repaid within a period of time fixed by the State board of finance not to exceed 3 years. When facilities are constructed for which planning money was received, the loan is considered as a part of the cost of such project and constitutes a lien against the same; when bonds are issued for the project, the loan must be repaid in full immediately following the sale of bonds (acts of Indiana, 1945, ch. 136, amended by acts of 1951, ch. 200).

MAINE

State water improvement commission is authorized to pay up to 20 percent of the total cost, or two-thirds of the Federal contribution under Federal Water Pollution Control Act (Public Law 660, 84th Cong.) whichever is less, of municipal sewage treatment works receiving Federal approval and Federal funds for construction (laws of 1957, house bill 257; sec. 7-B revised statutes).

Laws of 1959, house bill 432, permits grants of $2,500 or 50 percent, whichever is less, for the cost of sewage surveys by municipal or quasi-municipal corporations.

MARYLAND

A fund of $5 million is authorized (established by a State loan) to be used to supplement grants made under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (Public Law 660, 84th Cong.). Any municipality which has received a Federal grant may petition the State for an equal or matching grant subject to the limitation that the State and Federal grants combined are not to exceed 50 percent of the total cost of the project. The petition is directed to the State board of health. When the board approves the plans it forwards the petition to the board of public works wih its report that the project has been approved by the U.S. Public Health Service and the State department of health. The board of public works then makes the grant of State funds (Maryland Senate bill 75, 1957 acts of Maryland; Maryland Senate bill 97, 1960 acts of Maryland).

NEW HAMPSHIRE

The State is authorized to guarantee unconditionally a total aggregate sum for the entire State of $10 million of bonds issued by municipalities and other political subdivisions for construction of sewage treatment works. All bonds or notes so guaranteed shall be sold (1) at public sealed bidding; (2) after advertisement for bids; (3) to the highest bidder. Any and all of the bids may be rejected and a sale may be negotiated with the highest bidder (laws of New Hampshire, 1957, ch. 213).

The State shall, in addition to the Federal grant made under Public Law 660, 84th Congress, pay annually 20 percent of the yearly amortization charges on the original costs resulting from the acquisition and construction of sewage disposal facilities by municipalities for the control of water pollution. Retroactive payments are authorized for construction undertaken since July 1, 1947 (laws of New Hampshire, 1959, ch. 267).

NEW MEXICO

Authorizes grants to associations formed in rural, unincorporated communities to provide facilities for the development of adequate sanitary domestic water supply, sewage works, or both. The State department of public health administers this program.

As a prerequisite to the grant the communities must agree to contribute all unskilled labor and such skilled labor as is available and desirable and to contribute all available materials such as stone, lumber, and sand. The community must have been in existence 25 years or longer. Subdivisions adjacent to incorporated communities are not eligible.

The association must contribute one-third of the estimated cost (laws of 1957, ch. 122, senate bill 57).

NEW YORK

Municipalities having power to construct or operate a public sewerage system or sewage treatment works may apply to the State superintendent of public works for planning grants up to one-half the cost of preparing plans, specifications, and estimates. However, in the case of grants for preliminary plans, the grant may not exceed one-half of one percent of the estimated cost of construction, and in grants for all plans, specifications, and estimates, the grant is not to exceed 2 percent of the estimated construction cost (McKinney's Consolidated Laws of New York Annotated, book 47-A, art. 2A, sec. 31).

OHIO

An emergency village capital improvement rotary fund created to be used to make advances to those villages only which do not have an existing municipal sewerage system, to pay all or part of the cost of preparing plans for construction, among other things, of sewage treatment works. When the bonds of the village for such construction are sold it must repay the advance (senate bill 265, 1957 laws of Ohio).