I think it has been well established that there is a need for institutions of university grade. The principle has been this: the denial of educational opportunities in conflict with American democratic ideals and that is what it means. If it is impossible, because of expense, for one to get higher education of which he is capable, he is denied an inalienable right, something that has become necessary.

We moreover think it is injurious to the prestige of the United States that the Capital of the Nation is so far behind. In other countries they look to the capital city to get an example. I pass over the Sorbonne. We know even Berlin and in England, at least one of the great universities of the country is in its capital city. I think all that has been made clear.

However, there are some things in the bills to which we wish to call attention. On page 5 of S. 293 it is provided that the laboratory schools should be kept under the present Board of Education. We feel that the institution which trains the teachers should be.

We approve, let me make it clear, of putting the teachers college under the Board of Education, higher education. But we think the liaison should be kept within the laboratory school and the teachers college.

At the bottom of page 6 of S. 293 there is something to which attention has been called by a preceding witness. We would like to be sure that in the powers delegated to the Board of Higher Education there is effectively no repeal of any existing statute protecting the rights and tenure of teachers.

We would like to be reassured of that.

To be specific we hope this does not in effect repeal the tenure provision contained on page 4 of the Salary Act of 1955.

Senator MORSE. Mr. Goodloe, I am going to ask counsel to prepare for the committee a memorandum on the points that you raise and a copy will be sent to you for any further comment.

Mr. GOODLOE. I certainly appreciate that, Senator.

Senator MORSE. Let us go back to this page 5. What was the point you made on page 5?

Mr. GOODLOE. On page 5:

Notwithstanding any other provision of this act, the laboratory schools of the District of Columbia shall remain under the control and management of, and the employees assigned to such schools shall remain subject to the supervision of the Board of Education.

We interpret that to mean they will stay with the secondary and elementary schools under the jurisdiction of the present Board of Education. We think inasmuch as they are a part of the teachers college it would be preferable for them to remain under the direction and supervision of the Board of Education.

Senator MORSE. That is a detail on which the chairman is not qualified to comment now. I am going to ask counsel to prepare a memorandum on that and submit it to the chairman.

Mr. GOODLOE. We are appreciative of the fact. In S. 1612, on page 5, there is something else to which we should call attention, subsection (c) and the last sentence:

The Board, upon the recommendation of the presidents of the colleges, shall establish, with the approval of the Commissioners and without regard to the provisions of any other law, retirement and leave systems for such employees which shall be comparable to such systems in like institutions of higher education.

We are in sympathy with the intent of it, but what we would like to be sure of is that the Board of Higher Education would not have the power to abolish the present system, at least at retirement; at least that the teachers who have been transferred to the authority of the Board of Higher Education will remain under their own retirement system. At least they would be safeguarded.

To go further, we would recommend that provision similar to those inserted in Public Law 262, passed by the 87th Congress under which Freedmen's Hospital was transferred to Howard University—and I am glad to bring that up because I know very well Senator, that you remember the hearings on the bill that came up and the resulting enactment of Public Law 262-which transferred as I said, Freedmen's Hospital to the authority of Howard University and in that end, I am glad the Congress took measures to protect the retirment requirements and others of employees who were transferred to that institution.

And if I may put in in the hearing record, I would recommend that to the attention of the committee in order to safeguard the retirement and leave rights of employees who would thus be transferred under this act.

Senator MORSE. I will ask for a third memorandum. I don't want to curbstone on any of these technical matters. I want a memorandum as to what the intent of the bill is as far as its language is concerned and I will pass judgment on it. I will then consider what the intent is to be, and what modifications are necessary to carry out what I think the intent of the bill should be.

Mr. GOODLOE. I wish to emphasize we never had any doubt about the intent of the bill. We merely wish to be sure about the language of the bill, that the bill does carry out the intent back of it.

Well, Senator, those are the things which we are glad to highlight and emphasize. Let me repeat we are always appreciative of the opportunity to present testimony to this committee and we hope that legislation is enacted which will establish an institution of university grade in the Capital of the Nation.

Thank you.

(Mr. Goodloe's statement follows:)

STATEMENT OF DON B. GOODLOE, TEACHERS UNION OF WASHINGTON, D.C. Gentlemen of the Senate District Committee, I am Don B. Goodloe, legislative representative of Teachers Union No. 6 of the American Federation of Teachers. On this occasion, I am glad to have the privilege of testifying in favor of Senate bill 293, introduced into the 89th Congress for the purpose of establishing a public community college and a college of arts and sciences in the District of Columbia. For a long time, the District of Columbia has needed such an institution of higher learning. Many people throughout our country think that the citizens of their Capital are well provided with opportunities for securing higher education. To be sure, there are several universities of high standing here, as well as a teachers college designed to prepare young people for serving in the public schools of the District of Columbia. There is, nevertheless, a glaring defect in the educational system functioning in the Capital of this Nation. It is as follows: There is no institution in Washington, D.C., of university rank, containing a liberal arts college supported by the Government of the District of Columbia. We think we should take a little time and make this fact plain. We have, for instance, Georgetown University and George Washington University; but they are private institutions. There is Howard University, which obtains support from the Federal Government. Strictly speaking, however, it is not a national university in the sense that similar institutions are maintained by our States. The teachers college is supported by the District; but it is not a liberal arts

college. In fact, it cannot really be considered a good teachers college. Its loss of accreditation has become well known in all parts of the Nation; and the deplorable conditions under which it operates in two antiquated, substandard plants are a disgrace to the city, which should serve as an example to the Great Society.

Such a situation is unparalleled elsewhere in the United States. Here is a community with a population greater than that of some States-in fact, with more inhabitants than some sovereign nations, without a publicly supported institution of higher learning, with all the departments and facilities that should be included therein.

Senator MORSE. Thank you very much.

I understand that the Reverend Frederic Abbott of the Episcopal Society for Cultural and Racial Unity is in the room and has a statement that he would like to file. We are perfectly willing to take the time to have you testify in regard to it if you would like to, Father.

STATEMENT OF REV. FREDERIC ABBOTT, EPISCOPAL SOCIETY FOR CULTURAL AND RACIAL UNITY

Reverend ABBOTT. It is a very general statement and it concurs with the League of Women Voters and others in their support of the bill. I have one little comment I would like to make.

Senator MORSE. We will be glad to have you make it.

We are glad, Father Abbott, to have your statement, and I will insert it in the record at this point.

(The document referred to follows:)

STATEMENT OF REV. FREDERIC E. ABBOTT, REPRESENTING THE EPISCOPAL SOCIETY FOR CULTURAL AND RACIAL UNITY

Members of the Washington chapter of the Episcopal Society for Cultural and Racial Unity thank you for this opportunity to express our wholehearted support for the establishment of a public, 2-year community college and a public, 4-year college of the arts and sciences and a separate Board of Higher Education. In this support we concur with the District of Columbia Citizens for Better Education, the League of Women Voters, and others who strongly endorse such action.

We urge that these colleges be established as soon as possible for the need is great and grows each year. The dearth of public higher education facilities in the District is a neglect that should no longer be tolerated by a nation with a historic claim to concern for humanity and the development of the individual. It is unjust that even one individual is denied the chance to develop his innate abilities into employable skills and his desire for learning into broad knowledge enriching his life and that of others. As it is, hundreds of young people are denied this chance. These are young men and women who desire a higher education, who are college material, and in whom an investment in human capital can render large dividends both for themselves and for the society in which they live.

We are sure that the establishment of these public higher education facilities, offering quality education in a broad spectrum of fields and open to nonresidents of the District will result in fully integrated institutions offering the richness only an integrated environment can offer.

Reverend ABBOTT. This is my own opinion. In reading the bill we mention a 4-year liberal arts and science college. It seems to me that those 4-year liberal arts colleges we find scattered all over the country all were originally founded for a purpose and the purpose of course was to provide an education for whatever denomination founded it.

Now, we have a liberal arts college mentioned in the bill, but we have no real purpose in having it except that it is the thing to have and we mentioned teacher training but there is no purpose-positive pur

pose in connection with it. And it seems to me this would be a great opportunity for having an institution to train people for our civil service.

As I look into the future it seems to me that we are going to require a greatly augmented civil service to discharge all the duties and responsibilities that we have throughout the world. And, now, young people that may go into Government will find courses at Georgetown; you find courses at Johns Hopkins, Harvard has a few, Princeton, even Stanford.

They are scattered all over the country, but it seems to me this is a prime place for such an institution and in addition to its general providing liberal arts, education, why if it started out with such a purpose I think it would get much more support than in the bill, than the very general one of simply having another liberal arts scientific institution. That is all I want to say.

Senator MORSE. That certainly is a suggestion. We will take note of it once we can get the bill considered.

Reverend ABBOTT. Thank you very much.

Senator MORSE. We will now stand in recess until 9 o'clock Monday, March 21, 1966.

(Whereupon, at 12:35 p.m., the subcommittee recessed, to reconvene at 9 a.m., Thursday, March 24, 1966.)