Road from Kyoto: The Kyoto Protocol's impacts on U.S. energy markets and economic activityU.S. Government Printing Office, 1999 |
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Page 45
... natural gas combined - cycle units . Moreover , the SGM models allows all of these conversions to take place by 2010 , with only a slight increase in costs ( to approximately $ 150 / metric ton ) . This means that the carbon permit ...
... natural gas combined - cycle units . Moreover , the SGM models allows all of these conversions to take place by 2010 , with only a slight increase in costs ( to approximately $ 150 / metric ton ) . This means that the carbon permit ...
Page 46
... natural gas replacement of electric generating facilities . Charles River Associates This scenario is not idle ... natural gas in such a short time does not appear to be tenable . Energy Efficiency Administration testimony also includes ...
... natural gas replacement of electric generating facilities . Charles River Associates This scenario is not idle ... natural gas in such a short time does not appear to be tenable . Energy Efficiency Administration testimony also includes ...
Page 97
... Gas Steam Carbon Savings Displacing Gas CC 1990 + 24 % 118 31 17 12 1990 + 14 % 172 45 25 17 1990 + 9 % 196 51 29 20 1990 Level 269 70 40 22 27 1990-3 % 286 74 12 42 29 29 1990-7 % 338 88 50 34 1990-3 % 534 139 ... Natural Gas and Renewables.
... Gas Steam Carbon Savings Displacing Gas CC 1990 + 24 % 118 31 17 12 1990 + 14 % 172 45 25 17 1990 + 9 % 196 51 29 20 1990 Level 269 70 40 22 27 1990-3 % 286 74 12 42 29 29 1990-7 % 338 88 50 34 1990-3 % 534 139 ... Natural Gas and Renewables.
Page 120
... natural gas plants . In the most stringent case estimated by EIA , more than 300 gigawatts of new advanced natural gas technologies are expected to be built ( see table below for natural gas combined - cycle capacity additions in each ...
... natural gas plants . In the most stringent case estimated by EIA , more than 300 gigawatts of new advanced natural gas technologies are expected to be built ( see table below for natural gas combined - cycle capacity additions in each ...
Page 130
... natural gas delivery capability would be required , as well as increases in gas exploration and development to make additional natural gas supplies available . Finally , coal producers and unions are likely to respond with price and ...
... natural gas delivery capability would be required , as well as increases in gas exploration and development to make additional natural gas supplies available . Finally , coal producers and unions are likely to respond with price and ...
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Common terms and phrases
24 Percent actual GDP Analysis and Forecasting assumed assumptions average biomass capacity carbon emissions carbon permit carbon price carbon reduction Change From Reference cogeneration consumers costs decline demand Dollars economic growth efficiency improvements EIA's emissions trading end-use energy consumption energy efficiency Energy Information Administration energy intensity energy markets Energy Modeling System equipment estimated ethanol Figure Five-Lab Study fossil fuels fuel prices gasoline GDP losses gigawatts greenhouse gas emissions greenhouse gases Gross Domestic Product growth rate heat high technology impacts income tax rebates Integrated Analysis investment kilowatthours Kyoto Protocol levels macroeconomic million metric tons Modeling System runs National Energy Modeling natural gas NEMS Office of Integrated output Percent Change permit price personal income tax petroleum potential GDP production programs projected carbon prices purchase Quadrillion Btu reduction targets relative result Source System runs KYBASE.D080398A technology sensitivity tion U.S. Economy U.S. energy United
Popular passages
Page 420 - Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.
Page 545 - Nevertheless, the balance of evidence suggests that there is a discernible human influence on global climate.
Page 545 - Potential consequences associated with this shift in climate include a rise in sea levels, greater frequency of severe weather events, shifts in agricultural growing conditions from changing weather patterns, threats to human health from increased range and incidence of diseases, changes in availability of freshwater supplies, and damage to ecosystems and biodiversity.
Page 1067 - United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) United Nations...
Page 550 - Third, there is allowance for "banking" emission reductions within the 2008-2012 commitment period, for use in a subsequent commitment period [although the emission targets of the subsequent periods have not yet been specified]. Fourth, CDM credits achieved between 2000 and 2008 may be banked until 2008 to 2012. 2. "What flexibility" (gases and sinks) The second type of flexibility is "what flexibility", along two dimensions.
Page 1063 - Promote and facilitate the exchange of information on measures adopted by the Parties to address climate change and its effects, taking into account the differing circumstances, responsibilities and capabilities...
Page 538 - States achieves meaningful developing country participation, our overall assessment is that the economic cost to the United States in aggregate and to typical households of attaining the targets and timetables specified in the Kyoto Protocol, will be modest.
Page 1111 - I, but reaffirming existing commitments under article 4, paragraph 1 , of the Convention, and continuing to advance the implementation of these commitments in order to achieve sustainable development, taking into account article 4, paragraphs 3, 5 and 7, of the Convention...
Page 1117 - The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the parties to this Protocol shall, at its first session, approve appropriate and effective procedures and mechanisms to determine and to address cases of non-compliance with the provisions of this Protocol, including through the development of an indicative list of consequences, taking into account the cause, type, degree and frequency of non-compliance.
Page 1117 - In the implementation of their commitments under paragraph 2 above, a certain degree of flexibility shall be allowed by the Conference of the Parties to the Parties included in Annex I undergoing the process of transition to a market economy...