TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, ENERGY, RESEARCH, RECONSTRUCTION, AND SELECTED

DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS

SEC. 105. Section 106(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended— (1) by striking out "$99,550,000 for the fiscal year 1976 and"; and (2) by inserting "and $105,000,000 for the fiscal year 1978" immediately after "fiscal year 1977".

COST-SHARING AND FUNDING LIMITS

SEC. 106. Section 110 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended— (1) in subsection (a) by striking out "107" and inserting in lieu thereof "106"; and

(2) in subsection (b)—

(A) by striking out "No" and inserting in lieu thereof "Except for grants to countries determined to be relatively least developed based on the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development list of 'relatively least developed countries', no"; and

(B) by striking out "107" and inserting in lieu thereof "106".

DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF COOPERATIVES

SEC. 107. (a) Section 111 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended(1) in the first sentence by striking out "assistance in the development" and inserting in lieu thereof "technical and capital assistance in the development and use"; and

(2) by amending the second sentence to read as follows: "Not less than $10,000,000 of the funds made available under this Act for the fiscal year 1978 may be used only for technical assistance to carry out the purposes of this section.".

(b) The amendments made by subsection (a) shall take effect on October 1, 1977.

INTEGRATING WOMEN INTO NATIONAL ECONOMIES

SEC. 108. Section 113 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended to read as follows:

"SEC. 113. INTEGRATING WOMEN INTO NATIONAL ECONOMIES.-(a) In recognition of the fact that women in developing countries play a significant role in economic production, family support, and the overall development process of the national economies of such countries, this part shall be administered so as to give particular attention to those programs, projects, and activities which tend to integrate women into the national economies of developing countries, thus improving their status and assisting the total development effort.

"(b) The President shall transmit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report on the impact of development programs, projects, and activities on the integration of women into the developing economies of countries receiving assistance under this part. The report shall include

"(1) an evaluation of progress toward developing an adequate data base on the role of women in the national economies of recipient countries; "(2) a specific description of the efforts undertaken to implement subsection (a); and

"(3) an evaluation of the effectiveness of such efforts.

"(c) The report required by subsection (b) shall be transmitted not later than one year after the date of enactment of this subsection.".

PROHIBITION ON USE OF FUNDS FOR INVOLUNTARY STERILIZATIONS

SEC. 109. Section 114 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended(1) by striking out "ABORTIONS. -" and inserting in lieu thereof "ABORTIONS OR INVOLUNTARY STERILIZATIONS.-(a)"; and

(2) by adding at the end thereof the following new subsection:

"(b) None of the funds made available to carry out this part shall be used to pay for the performance of involuntary sterilizations as a method of family planning or to coerce or provide any financial incentive to any person to practice sterilizations.".

LIMITATIONS ON DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE

SEC. 110. Section 115 (a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended to read as follows:

"(a) None of the funds made available to carry out this chapter may be used in any fiscal year for any country to which assistance is furnished in such fiscal year under chapter 4 of part II (security supporting assistance) or under part VI (assistance for Middle East peace) unless the Congress has specifically authorized such use of those funds. The specific authorization requirement of this subsection shall be deemed to be satisfied if the purpose for which funds are to be used is described in the presentation materials submitted to the Congress on proposed development assistance programs for the fiscal year in question and the Congress indicates its approval of such use in the legislation authorizing development assistance programs for such fiscal year.".

HUMAN RIGHTS

SEC. 111. (a) Subsections (c) and (d) of section 116 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 are amended to read as follows:

"(c) In determining whether or not a government falls within the provisions of subsection (a) and in formulating development assistance programs under this part, the Administrator shall consider, in consultation with the Coordinator for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs—

"(1) the extent of cooperation of such government in permitting an unimpeded investigation of alleged violations of internationally recognized human rights by appropriate international organizations, including the International Committee of the Red Cross, or groups or persons acting under the authority of the United Nations or of the Organization of American States; and

"(2) specific actions which have been taken by the President or the Congress relating to multilateral or security assistance to a less developed country because of the human rights practices or policies of such country. "(d) The Secretary of State shall transmit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, by January 31 of each year, a full and complete report regarding—

"(1) the status of internationally recognized human rights, within the meaning of subsection (a), in countries that reecive assistance under this part; and

"(2) the steps the Administrator has taken to alter United States programs under this part in any country because of human rights considerations.".

(b) Such section 116 is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new subsection:

"(e) Of the funds made available under this chapter for the fiscal year 1978, not less than $750,000 may be used only for studies to identify, and for openly carrying out, programs and activities which will encourage or promote increased adherence to civil and political rights, as set forth in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, in countries eligible for assistance under this chapter. None of these funds may be used, directly or indirectly, to influence the outcome of any election in any country.".

INFANT NUTRITION

SEC. 112. Chapter 1 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new section:

"SEC. 117. INFANT NUTRITION.-The President is encouraged (1) to devise and carry out in partnership with developing nations a strategy for programs of nutrition and health improvement for mothers and children, including breast-feeding, and (2) to provide technical, financial, and material support to individuals or groups at the local level for such programs.”.

ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES

SEC. 113. (a) Chapter 1 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended by section 112 of this Act, is further amended by adding at the end thereof the following new section:

"SEC. 118. ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES.-The President is authorized to furnish assistance under this part for developing and strengthening the capacity of less developed countries to protect and manage their environment and natural resources. Special efforts shall be made to maintain and where possible restore the land, vegetation, water, wildlife, and other resources upon which depend economic growth and human well-being, especially that of the poor.”. (b) Section 102 of such Act is amended

(1) by inserting in the seventh paragraph of subsection (a) “environment and natural resources," immediately after "decent housing,"; and (2) by inserting in subsection (b) (2) "environment and natural resources;" immediately after "health;".

RENEWABLE AND UNCONVENTIONAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES

SEC. 114. Chapter 1 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended by sections 112 and 113 of this Act, is further amended by adding at the end thereof the following new section:

"SEC. 119. RENEWABLE AND UNCONVENTIONAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES.— (a) (1) The President is authorized to furnish assistance under this chapter for cooperative programs with developing countries in energy production and conservation, with particular emphasis on programs in research, development, and use of small-scale, decentralized, renewable energy sources for rural areas carried out as integral parts of rural development efforts in accordance with section 103 of this Act. Programs under this subsection shall be undertaken, whenever appropriate, in cooperation with the Energy Research and Development Administration or its successor and shall be carried out, to the greatest extent possible, through and in conjunction with activities under section 107 of this Act. These programs shall be directed toward the earliest practicable development and use of energy technologies which are environmentally acceptable, require minimum capital investment, are most acceptable to and affordable by the people using them, are simple and inexpensive to use and maintain, and are transferable from one region of the world to another.

,66 '(2) Of the funds made available to carry out this chapter for the fiscal year 1978, up to $18,000,000 are to be used for carrying out this subsection.

“(b) (1) In furtherance of the purposes of this section, the President is authorized to carry out studies to identify the energy needs, uses, and resources which exist in developing countries. The results of the studies conducted under this subsection shall be reported to the Congress by March 1, 1978.

(2) The Agency for International Development, in cooperation with the Energy Research and Development Administration or its successor, shall conduct a review of the options for implementing the purposes of this section, one of which shall be a proposal for a nonprofit Government corporation (which would be designated as the International Energy Institute) outside the Agency for International Development. The President shall submit a comprehensive report on such review to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate by January 31, 1978, together with his recommendations as to which option should be implemented.".

SAHEL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

SEC. 115. Part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended—

(1) by redesignating section 494B as section 120 and inserting such redesignated section at the end of chapter 1 of such part, as amended by sections 112, 113, and 114 of this Act;

(2) by amending the section caption of such redesignated section to read "SAHEL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM-PLANNING"; and

(3) by inserting the following new section immediately after such redesignated section:

"SEC. 121. SAHEL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM-IMPLEMENTATION.-(a) The President is authorized to furnish assistance, on such terms and conditions as he may determine, for the long-term development of the Sahelian region. Assistance furnished under this section shall be in accordance with a long-term, multidonor development plan which calls for equitable burdensharing with other donors and shall be furnished, whenever appropriate, in cooperation with an international coordinating mechanism.

"(b) The President shall prepare an annual report on the Sahel Development Program concerning the allocation of the United States contribution to the Program, the extent of the contributions from other donor countries, the effec

tiveness of the integrated effort through the Club des Amis du Sahel, and the progress made in achieving the objectives of the Program.

"(c) There are authorized to be appropriated to the President for purposes of this section beginning in the fiscal year 1978, in addition to funds otherwise available for such purposes, $200,000,000, except that not to exceed $50,000,000 may be appropriated under this section for the fiscal year 1978. Amounts appropriated under this section are authorized to remain available until expended.".

AMERICAN SCHOOLS AND HOSPITALS ABROAD

SEC. 116. (a) Section 214 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended(1) in subsection (c) —

(A) by striking out "each of the fiscal years 1974" and all that follows through "1976 and" and inserting in lieu thereof "the fiscal year"; and (B) by inserting "and for the fiscal year 1978, $25,000,000," immediately after "$25,000,000,";

(2) in subsection (d)—

(A) by striking out "1974" and all that follows through "1976 and”; and

(B) by inserting "and 1978" immediately after "1977"; and

(3) by adding at the end thereof the following new subsection: "(f) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (b), funds appropriated under this section may be used for assistance to centers for pediatric plastic and reconstructive surgery established by Children's Medical Relief International, except that assistance may not be furnished for the domestic operations of any such center located in the United States, its territories or possessions.". (b) The amendment made by subsection (a)(3) shall not apply to funds appropriated before the date of enactment of this Act.

HOUSING AND OTHER CREDIT GUARANTY PROGRAMS

SEC. 117. (a) (1) Section 221 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended(A) by striking out the second sentence; and

(B) in the last sentence, by inserting ", section 222(c),” immediately after "222 (b)".

(2) Section 222 (c) of such Act is amended

(A) by inserting "or under section 221" immediately after "1969"; and (B) by striking out “$600,000,000" and inserting in lieu thereof "$1,030,000,000".

(3) Section 223 (i) of such Act is amended by striking out "1978" and inserting in lieu thereof "1979".

(b) (1) Section 222A (h) of such Act is amended by striking out "December 31, 1977" and inserting in lieu thereof "September 30, 1978".

(2) Section 223 (b) of such Act is amended

(A) by striking out "hereunder" and inserting in lieu thereof "under section 221 or 222 or under prior housing guaranty authorities"; and

(B) by adding at the end thereof the following new sentence: "Fees collected in connection with guaranties issued under section 222A shall likewise be available to meet similar expenses, costs, or liabilities incurred in connection with the programs authorized by that section.".

(c) Section 223 (j) of such Act is amended in the last sentence

(1) by striking out "1977" and inserting in lieu thereof "1978"; and (2) by striking out "$50,000,000", "$20,000,000", and "$15,000,000" and inserting in lieu thereof "$75,000,000", $30,000,000", and "$30,000,000", respectively.

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION AND PROGRAMS

SEC. 118. (a) Section 302(a)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended (1) by striking out "for the fiscal year 1974" and all that follows through "$194,500,000 and";

(2) by inserting immediately before the period at the end of the first sentence "and for the fiscal year 1978, $252,000,000"; and

(3) by adding at the end thereof the following new sentence: "Of the funds authorized to be appropriated under this subsection for the fiscal year 1978, not to exceed $42,500,000 shall be available for voluntary contributions to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees.".

(b) Section 305 of such Act is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new sentence: "The President is further requested, in making United States contributions to such organizations, to take into account the progress, or lack of progress, of such organizations in adopting and implementing policies and practices which encourage and promote the integration of women into the national economies of member and recipient countries, and into professional and policymaking positions within such organizations, in accordance with the World Plan of Action of the Decade for Women.".

INTERNATIONAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE

SEC. 119. The first sentence of section 492 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended by striking out "1976 and 1977" and inserting in lieu thereof "1977 and 1978”.

ITALIAN RELIEF, REHABILITATION, AND RECONSTRUCTION

SEC. 120. Section 495B of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended(1) by redesignating subsection (b) as subsection (c); and

(2) by inserting immediately after subsection (a) the following new subsection: "(b) There are authorized to be appropriated to the President $30,000,000 for the fiscal year 1978 for relief, rehabilitation, and reconstruction assistance, in accordance with the provisions of section 491 and on such terms and conditions as he may determine, for the people who have been victimized by the recent earthquakes in Italy. Amounts appropriated under this subsection are authorized to remain available until expended.".

TURKEY RELIEF, REHABILITATION, AND RECONSTRUCTION

SEC. 121. Chapter 9 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new section:

"SEC. 495D. TURKEY RELIEF, REHABILITATION, AND RECONSTRUCTION.-The President is requested to use up to $10,000,000 of the funds made available under section 492 of this Act to provide relief, rehabilitation, and reconstruction assistance to the victims of the recent earthquakes in Turkey.".

USE OF FOREIGN VOLUNTARY NONPROFIT AGENCIES

SEC. 122. (a) Section 607 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended by inserting immediately before the period at the end of the first sentence "(including foreign voluntary nonprofit relief agencies so registered and approved when no United States voluntary nonprofit relief agency is available)".

(b) For purposes of implementing the amendment made by subsection (a), the President shall issue regulations governing registration with and approval by the Advisory Committee on Voluntary Foreign Aid of foreign voluntary nonprofit agencies.

REPEAL OF PROHIBITIONS ON AID TO COUNTRIES ASSISTING OR TRADING WITH CUBA OR VIETNAM

SEC. 123. (a) Section 620 (a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended(1) in the first sentence of paragraph (1) by striking out the semicolon and all that follows through "States"; and

(2) by striking out paragraph (3).

(b) Section 620 (n) of such Act is repealed. (c) Section 664 of such Act is repealed.

INSPECTOR GENERAL, FOREIGN ASSISTANCE

SEC. 124. (a) (1) Section 624 (d) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is repealed.

(2) The President (A) may assign to the Inspector General, Foreign Service, any of the duties and responsibilities vested by such section 624 (d) in the Inspector General, Foreign Assistance, and (B) may authorize the Inspector General, Foreign Service, to exercise such of the authorities granted by such section 624 (d) to the Inspector General, Foreign Assistance, as the President determines are necessary to carry out any duties or responsibilities so assigned.