RESERVE ARTILLERY.

Maj. FELIX H. ROBERTSON.

Missouri Battery, Capt. Overton W. Barret.

Georgia Battery (Havis'), Lieut. James R. Duncan.

Alabama Battery (Lumsden's), Lieut. Harvey H. Cribbs.
Georgia Battery, Capt. Thomas L. Massenburg.

DETACHED.

Roddey's Cavalry Brigade.

4th Alabama, Col. William A. Johnson.

5th Alabama, Col. Josiah Patterson.

53d Alabama, Col. M. W. Hannon.

Moreland's (Alabama) Battalion, Lieut.-Col. M. D. Moreland.
Georgia Battery, Capt. C. B. Ferrell.

CHAPTER XIII.

GUIDE TO THE CHICKAMAUGA FIELD, APPROACHING FROM CRAWFISH SPRINGS.*

There are three points from which to make the tour of the Chickamauga battle field. The most natural one is to start from Crawfish Springs, thirteen miles from Chattanooga, on the Chattanooga, Rome and Columbus Railroad, and drive over the roads by which Rosecrans' army reached the field. The second is to take the train to Battle Field Station, nine miles from Chattanooga, on the Rome Road, and thence drive about the Park. This station is near the center of the west line of the field, half way between Snodgrass Hill and Widow Glenn's and a few hundred yards west of Dyer's House. The third is to drive from Chattanooga; but those who adopt this method should first study this chapter showing how the armies came upon the battle field, since, in driving from the city, the various positions for the first day are reached in their reverse order.

To the Field from Crawfish Springs.

Those who desire to visit the extreme point of infantry fighting on the Union right and the Confederate left will find it at Glass's Mill, on the Chickamauga, two and three-quarters miles south-east of Crawfish Springs. The first road to the left, about a mile south of the latter point, leads to the mill. The direct road runs to Pond Spring, Davis' Cross Roads, Dug Gap, Blue Bird Gap, Bailey's Cross Roads, Stevens' Gap, and other points of the campaign in McLemore's Cove.

The road to Glass' Mill emerges from the woods on high * See maps, pages 1, 30. and 42.

ground overlooking the Valley of the Chickamauga. It descends into the low ground and runs direct to the mill.

Breckinridge's Division occupied the south bank of the river opposite the mill at daylight, September 19th. Helm's Brigade crossed to the west side at the mill, and attacked John Beatty's Brigade of Negley's Division. The latter was drawn up on the crest to the left of the road as it comes out of the woods. The fighting was chiefly between the artillery. Beatty's Brigade was supported by Stanley's. After two hours engagement between the batteries of each side, Breckinridge's troops were withdrawn, and proceeded to the vicinity of Lee and Gordon's Mill. The casualties were: Union, 2 killed and 17 wounded; Confederate, 22 killed and wounded.

On the 20th, Wheeler's cavalry crossed at Glass' Mill, dismounted, and attacked Eli Long's Brigade of Crook's Division, driving it back to the vicinity of Crawfish Springs, with a loss of 127 killed, wounded, and missing. The Union cavalry was operating in the vicinity of and at the fords above Glass' Mill throughout the 19th and 20th of September.

On the afternoon of the 20th, the Union cavalry was massed in the fields to the right and left of the road for a half mile or more south of the Park Hotel, at Crawfish Springs.

The old undershot wheel and mill stood at the upper side of the present pool nearest the road. The dam had not been constructed at the time of the battle, and the stream from the spring ran unobstructed to the Chickamauga. The railroad from Chattanooga was built after the war.

Back of the Park Hotel, on the high ground across the road, stands the Lee Mansion, which was Gen. Rosecrans' headquarters from the morning of September 16th until the forenoon of the 19th, when they were moved to Widow Glenn's. Near it were the Union Field Hospitals.

From the tower of the hotel the principal points in Mc

Lemore's Cove, such as Stevens', Dougherty's, Blue Bird, Dug, and Wrothen's Gaps, and the Lookout and Pigeon Ranges, are plainly seen.

The observation tower to the north-east marks the ground near Hall's Ford where Bragg concentrated that part of his army which had crossed the Chickamauga during the night of the 18th and early morning of the 19th, and formed to attack Crittenden's Corps. The latter then stretched northward along the La Fayette road for a mile, its right resting at Lee and Gordon's Mill.

The troops of Thomas' Corps (Fourteenth) began to arrive at Crawfish from McLemore's Cove, about 5 o'clock on the afternoon of the 18th. Negley's Division, leading, was turned off toward Glass' Mill. The other divisions pressed on through the night, following the road along which the railroad now runs to the Widow Glenn's, and thence along the present Park Road skirting the east of the Dyer Fields, thence to the La Fayette Road in the vicinity of Kelly's. The broad road east of the railroad running from Crawfish Springs to the Viditoe House did not exist at the time of the battle. It was built by the Park Commissioners to enable visitors to avoid the seven dangerous railroad crossings on the old Crawfish Springs Road to Widow Glenn's and Viditoe's. This new road between these points does not cross the track after leaving Crawfish Springs. It runs throughout its length east of and nearly parallel to the old road over which a large part of Rosecrans' army advanced on the night of the 18th and during the 19th. Baird's Division, which became the advance when Negley left the column at Crawfish, after crossing the road from Dyer's to Brotherton, took the first road to the right, and reached the La Fayette Road between Kelly's and Poe's at daylight. Brannan passed on to the foot of Snodgrass Hill, and then turning to the right, reached Kelly's, on the La Fayette Road, at sunrise.

Gen. Thomas' field headquarters were then at the cross