A motion to recommit a bill is in order at any time before its final passage. No motion is debatable until it shall have been seconded and put before the house by the presiding officer.

A motion that the committee of the whole do rise is always in order, and shall be decided without debate.

The previous question is ordered upon a majority vote of all members present, and stops debate upon any and all questions.

No motion shall at any time be deemed in order to admit any person, other than a member of the body, to present a petition, memorial or address.

A motion to strike out the enacting clause of a bill shall have precedence of a motion to amend, and, if carried, shall be equivalent to the rejection of the bill.

A motion to postpone to a day certain, or indefinitely, having been decided, shall not again be entertained until after some other motion or business has intervened.

A motion to adjourn or take a recess shall always be in order, but having been decided in the negative, shall not again be entertained until some motion, call or order shall have intervened.

Any motion may be withdrawn or modified by the mover before a decision, amendment or ordering of the roll call, except a motion to reconsider, which shall not be withdrawn without unanimous consent.

No member may speak more than once to the same question, except he be the mover, proposer or introducer of the matter under consideration, without permission of the body to which he belongs. Thirty minutes is the limit of debate.

When a proposition is under debate, no motion will be entertained, except to adjourn, to take a recess, to proceed to the consideration, to lay on the table, to close debate at a special time, to postpone to a certain day, to commit, to amend or to postpone indefinitely, and such motions shall take precedence in the order named.

PRIVILEGES OF VISITORS.

While either house is in committee of the whole, no person, other than a member, or officers or employes, or executive officers, of state, or the private secretary of the governor, or ladies with escorts or duly accredited representatives of the press, shall be allowed within the bar; nor shall any officer or employe, during the sitting of the committee, carry to any member a card, message, or name of a person; Provided, That persons privileged under the rule, except officers of the state, shall be entitled only to the quiet and orderly occupancy of seats, and in no case to the privileges of the floor. Violation of this rule subjects the offender, if an officer, to removal from office, and if a visitor, to the forfeiture of all privileges.

No person not a member, or an officer, other than judges of the supreme and district courts and court of appeals, the governor and state officers, members of congress, ex-members of the senate and house of representatives, duly accredited representatives of the state press, and such other persons as may be invited by the president or a senator, shall be allowed on the floor while either house is in session.

The president of the senate or any senator may invite visitors to the floor of the senate while in session. If the speaker of the house or a member de

sires to extend such privileges to any person, notice thereof in writing must be given to the house and consent had.

Any person entitled to the privileges of the floor, who shall, on the floor during a session, solicit or invite any member to vote or use his influence for any bill or matter, shall forfeit such privilege.

RIGHTS OF MEMBERS.

Any member may demand a roll call upon any question.

Any five members may demand a call of the senate, and any seven members a call of the house.

In case of the disagreement of the senate and house upon a bill, any member may move to recede, to insist and, ask a conference committee, or to adhere.

Three days after the reference of a bill, any member may, upon giving one day's notice, demand a report thereon from the committee to which it was referred.

Any member has a right to enter his protest against any action of the body of which he is a member, and upon presenting his protest in writing may have it recorded in the journal.

SELECTION OF SEATS.

In the senate, as part of the members are holdovers, one-half of the seats are already occupied. The new members arrange among themselves as to the selection of seats remaining.

In the house, where all are new members, a resolution is usually introduced, instructing the chief clerk to prepare slips of paper, upon which are written the names of each member of the county or counties which they represent. As these slips are drawn from a hat, one at a time, the member represented selects a seat. Physically infirm members are usually given first choice.

SPECIAL ORDERS.

Whenever a bill or other matter has been made a special order for a particular day and hour, and the consideration thereof shall not have been completed at that sitting, it shall retain its place in the general order, unless it shall be made a special order for another day; and when a special order is under consideration, it shall take precedence of any special order for a subsequent hour of the same day, but such subsequent special order may be taken up immediately after the previous special order has been disposed of.

TEMPORARY OFFICERS.

In the absence of the president and president pro tempore of the senate, the eldest senior senator is called upon to preside until an acting president is elected, which is the first business of the senate, but is not empowered to sign bills, joint resolutions, etc.

The speaker of the house may call upon any member to preside, but not for more than two days at any one time, without the consent of the body itself.

SUSPENSION OF THE RULES.

A two-thirds vote is required to change or suspend any rule. It has been decided that this rule does not imply a two-thirds vote of all members-elect, but simply two-thirds of the quorum voting. To amend a rule requires one day's notice.

CONCURRENT RESOLUTIONS.

The form of concurrent resolutions is as follows: "Resolved, By the house of representatives (or the senate, as the case may be), the senate (or the house of representatives) concurring therein," and the resolution is passed as soon as concurred in.

EMPLOYES DISCHARGED.

Any employe soliciting the influence of any member for the passage of a measure shall be at once dismissed from service.

MISCELLANEOUS RULES.

Any member may demand a call of the roll upon any question before it is put.

All substantial amendments must be printed before the final passage of a bill.

The speaker appoints all house committees, whether standing, joint or special.

Bills upon second and third reading must be read at length.

All motions must be put in writing, at the request of any officer or member of either body.

Amendments made by one house are not divisible upon consideration in the other house.

The president of the senate appoints all but standing committees, unless otherwise ordered.

Any member may change his vote before the decision of the question has been announced by the chair.

The speaker of the house may vote upon all occasions, except in case of appeal from his own decision.

All members present must vote, unless excused from so doing previous to the commencement of the call.

The regular routine of measures can not be delayed during the last week of the session by a motion to reconsider.

All conference committee reports must be printed before final action thereon, except during the last three days of the session.

Committees are prohibited from meeting during the time their house is in session, without having obtained special permission from the body SO to do.

Measures of all kinds may be recalled from either house for reconsideration, the method of procedure being a motion to request their return by the house to whom they were transmitted.

GOVERNOR'S APPOINTMENTS.

The house of representatives has no voice in the confirmation of the governor's appointments.

There is no time fixed by law when the governor shall make his appointments known to the senate.

All appointments by the governor are, as a rule, made "by and with the advice and consent of the senate."

It is customary, as a matter of especial courtesy, for the senate to immediately confirm the appointment by the governor of an ex-member of that body.

In case the senate refuses to confirm an appointment, it is not obligatory upon the governor to withdraw the appointment and send in another, although it is the custom and is usually done.

Appointments by the governor are referred to the appropriate standing committee of the senate. In case the committee reports favorably upon the appointment, it is usually confirmed.

When the governor decides upon an appointment, he notifies the senate by communication. The appointment is considered in executive session, but is confirmed or rejected by roll call in open session.

GENERAL HINTS.

Avoid personalities in debate.

Do not try to crowd through too many bills.

Watch your bills and keep pushing them forward at all times.

You can keep posted on the status of a bill by referring to the docket.

Read section 40, of article V, of the state constitution.

All bills providing for raising revenue must originate in the house of representatives, but the senate may propose amendments as in case of other bills. Be as regular as possible in attendance. It is the watchful and attentive member who advances legislation.

Watch your bills when referred to the engrossing committee, and see that all amendments are properly incorporated.

See that your bill is properly enrolled before it is signed by your presiding officer, for it is only read by title at that time.

Bills providing for an appropriation of money may originate in either senate or house.

Chairmen of committees should always give receipts to the chief clerk or the secretary when receiving a bill for committee consideration.

The clerk having charge of the calendar has no right to advance the position of any bill. They must be placed in regular order, as reported from committee.

If you find a law in Mills' Statutes, it is not proof positive that it is still a law. Examine the Session Laws of 1897, 1899, 1901 and 1902 to see if it has not been repealed or amended.

After your measure has been considered in committee of the whole, ask the clerk will permit you to see that all amendments and alterations are properly incorporated in the measure.

On the last day of the session, have all surplus stationery and supplies in your desk or committee room collected and turned over to the secretary of state, for use at the next session. This is both law and practical economy.

A night watchman should be employed who can not, upon any sort of pretext, be induced to leave his post of duty. Much annoyance and possibly serious trouble may be avoided in case this important official is capable as well as honest.

Endeavor to be present at roll call at the morning session and listen to the reading of the journal, that action on your measures and your own movements may be correctly recorded. If the journal as read is in error, ask to have it corrected.

The legislative session closes at midnight on the ninetieth day. It has sometimes been the practice to stop the clock, and proceed with business beyond that hour, but this can be prevented by simply entering a protest for record on the journal.

Enrolled bills are filed with the secretary of state, and are preserved for all time in the state archives. Do not permit your branch of the assembly to

be criticised for errors and poor penmanship. Carefully inspect the writing and spelling of all applicants for clerkships, and select only those who are thoroughly competent to serve on your committees.

Read carefully and study the reports of the state officers, particularly those of the auditor and treasurer. If anything that you do not understand, go to them and ask for an explanation.

Do not procrastinate in the consideration of business. The last days of the session are always crowded, and confusion prevails. In the rush, errors occur, and good measures are overlooked or neglected from lack of time to consider them properly.

Mills' Annotated Statutes, volumes Nos. 1, 2 and 3, contain all the laws of Colorado up to and including the laws of 1895. To find the remainder of the laws you require, in addition, the Session Laws of 1897, 1899, 1901 and 1902.

Members of the generall assembly, as well as state officers and others, are required to file an itemized statement, under oath, with the secretary of state, showing all expenses incurred, and for what purpose, during their campaign. This requirement applies to all candidates, whether elected or not.