immediately choose, by ballot, one of them for President, and if no person have a majority, then from the five highest on the list, the said House shall, in like manner, choose the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote: a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. In every case, after the choice of the President, the person having the greatest number of votes of the electors, shall be the Vice-President. But if there should remain two or more who have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from them, by ballot, the Vice-President.]

The Congress may determine the time of choosing the electors, and the day on which they shall give their votes; which day shall be the same throughout the United States.

President.

In case of the remo

No person, except a natural born citizen, or a citizen Who may of the United States, at the time of the adoption of this be elected Constitution, shall be eligible to the office of President; neither shall any person be eligible to that office, who shall not have attained to the age of thirty-five years, and been fourteen years a resident within the United States. In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death, resignation or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice-President, and the Congress may by law provide for the case of removal, death, resignation or inability, both of the President and Vice-President, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or a President shall be elected.

val, &c. of the Presi

dent, his

powers to devolve on

the VicePresident,

&c.

compensa

The President shall, at stated times, receive for his Presi services, a compensation, which shall neither be increas- dent's ed nor diminished during the period for which he shall tion." have been elected, and he shall not receive within that period any other emolument from the United States, or any of them.

Before he enter on the execution of his office, he shall His oath. take the following oath or affirmation: "I do solemnly

C

Powers

of the Pre

sident.

swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States."

SECTION II.

The President shall be commander in chief of the army and duties and navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several states, when called into the actual service of the United States; he may require the opinion in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive departments, upou any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices; and he shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons for offences against the United States, except in cases of impeachment.

He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, judges of the supreme court, aud all other officers of the United States, whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by law: But the Congress may, by law, vest the appointment of such inferior officers as they think proper, in the President alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of departments.

The President shall have power to fill all vacancies up that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions, which shall expire at the end of their next session.

SECTION III.

He shall, from time to time, give to the Congress information of the state of the union, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient. He may, on extraordinary occasions, convene both Houses or either of them, and in case of disagreement between them, with respect to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper. He shall receive ambassadors and other public ministers. He shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed; and shall commission all the officers of the United States.

SECTION IV.

How the

and all ci

The President, Vice-President, and all civil officers of President, the United Sates, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and conviction of treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors.

ARTICLE III

SECTION I.

vil officers may be re

moved from office.

dicial power,

The judicial power of the United States shall be vested Of the ju in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts, as the Congress may, from time to time, ordain and establish. The judges, both of the supreme and inferior courts, shall Concern bold their offices during good behavior, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in of fice,

SECTION II.

The judicial power shall extend to all cases in law and equity, arising under this constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority; to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls; to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction; to controversies to which the United States shall be a party; to controversies between two or more states, between a state and citizens of another state, between citizens of different states, between citizens of the same state claiming lands under grants of different states, and between a state, or the citizens thereof, and foreign states, citizens or subjects.

ing the

judges.

Extent of the judi

cial power;

of the ori

ginal and

jurisdic

In all cases, affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls, and those in which a state shall be appellate party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court tion of the shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, court. with such exceptions, and under such regulations, as the congress shall make.

supreme

for crimes.

The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, of trials shall be by jury; and such trial shall be held in the state where the said crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any state, the trial shall be at

Of treason.

Faith to

be given

such place or places, as the Congress may by law have directed.

SECTION III.

Treason against the United States shall consist only in levying war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses, to the same overt act, or on confession in open court.

The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason; but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or forfeiture, except during the life of the person attainted.

ARTICLE IV.

SECTION 1.

Full faith and credit shall be given, in each state, to the to public public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state. And the Congress may, by general laws, prescribe the manner in which such acts, records, and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof.

acts, &c. of each state.

Privileges

of citizens to extend

thro' all

tice to be

SECTION II.

The citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states.

the states. Fugitives A person charged in any state with treason, felony or from jus- other crime, who shall flee from justice and be found in delivered another state, shall, on demand of the executive authority of the state from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the state having jurisdiction of the crime.

up.

Persons

held to

service or

labor, to be deli

New states may be

No person, held to service or labor in one state under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labor; but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due.

SECTION III.

New states may be admitted by the Congress into this union; but ho new state shall be formed or erected with

in the jurisdiction of any other state-nor any state be admitted. formed by the junction of two or more states, or parts of states, without the consent of the Legislatures of the states concerned as well as of the Congress.

territory

The Congress shall have power to dispose of, and Disposal of make all needful rules and regulations respecting the ter- and other ritory or other property belonging to the United States :- property And nothing in this constitution shall be so construed, as ted States. to prejudice any claims of the United States, or of any particular state.

SECTION IV.

and pro

The United States shall guarantee to every state in this Guarantee union, a republican form of government; and shall pro- tection of tect each of them against invasion, and on application of the states the Legislature, or of the executive (when the Legisla- by the ture cannot be convened) against domestic violence.

ARTICLE V.

union.

ments to

The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this the consticonstitution, or on the application of the Legislatures of tution. two-thirds of the several states, shall call a convention for proposing amendments; which, in either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of this constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three-fourths of the several states, or by conventions in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided, That no amendment, which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first ar-. ticle; and that no state, without its consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate.

ARTICLE VI.

All debts contracted, and engagements entered into, before the adoption of this constitution, shall be as valid against the United States, under this constitution, as under the confederation.

Former

debts and engage

ments to

remain va

lid.

This constitution, and the laws of the United States This conwhich shall be made in pursuance thereof, and all trea- stitution,