The Federal Judicial Center is the judicial branch's agency for policy research, systems development, and continuing education. It was created by act of December 20, 1967 (81 Stat. 664; 28 U.S.C. 620), to serve the goal of improved judicial administration in the United States courts. The Center's basic policies and activities are determined by its Board, which is composed of the Chief Justice of the United States, who is, by statute, permanent Chairman of the Board, two judges of the United States courts of appeals, three judges of the United States district courts, and one bankruptcy judge, who are elected for 4-year terms by the Judicial Conference of the United States. The Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts also is a permanent member of the Board. Congress assigned the Center the following basic functions: -to conduct research on the operation of the United States courts, and to stimulate and coordinate such research on the part of other public and private persons and agencies; -to stimulate, create, develop, and conduct programs of continuing education and training for judges and support personnel of the judicial branch; -to study and determine ways in which automatic data processing and systems procedures may be applied to the administration of the courts; -to provide staff, research, and planning assistance to the Judicial Conference and its committees, consistent with the performance of the other functions set forth above; and -to develop recommendations for improvement in the administration and management of the courts. For further information, contact the Information Specialist, Federal Judicial Center, Dolley Madison House, 1520 H Street NW., Washington, DC 20005. Phone, 202-633-6011. United insure domestic Tranquility, provider for at this Constitution for the 7.1. All legislative Powers herein granted shall be entatives. The House of Representatives shall be a fl have. Qualifications ative whosh 1 Persons mined by adde A direct Taxes shall be elected, be an Inhabitant o EXECUTIVE BRANCH THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES RONALD REAGAN THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES Article II, section 1, of the Constitution provides that "the executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Years, * ** together with the Vice President, chosen for the same Term * *." In addition to the powers set forth in the Constitution, the statutes have conferred upon the President specific authority and responsibility covering a wide range of matters (United States Code Index). * The President is the administrative head of the executive branch of the Government, which includes numerous agencies, both temporary and permanent, as well as the 13 executive departments. The Cabinet The Cabinet, a creation of custom and tradition dating back to George Washington's administration, functions at the pleasure of the President. Its purpose is to advise the President upon any subject on which he requests information (pursuant to Article II, section 2, of the Constitution). The Cabinet is composed of the heads of the 13 executive departments-the Secretaries of Agriculture, Commerce, Defense, Education, Energy, Health and Human Services, Housing and Urban Development, Interior, Labor, State, Transportation, and Treasury, and the Attorney General-and certain other executive branch officials to whom the President accords Cabinet rank. The Vice President also participates in Cabinet meetings, and from time to time, other individuals are invited to participate in discussions of particular subjects. A Secretary to the Cabinet is designated to provide for the orderly handling and followup of matters brought before the Cabinet. EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT Under authority of the Reorganization Act of 1939 (53 Stat. 561; 5 U.S.C. 133-133r, 133t note), various agencies were transferred to the Executive Office of the President by the President's Reorganization Plans I and II of 1939 (5 U.S.C. App.), effective July 1, 1939. Executive Order 8248 of September 8, 1939, established the divisions of the Executive Office and defined their functions. Subsequently, Presidents have used Executive orders, reorganization plans, and legislative initiatives to reorganize the Executive Office to make its composition compatible with the goals of their administrations. |