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Opinion of the Court.

It results from these views that

The decree of the Circuit Court must be reversed, and the case be remanded to that court with a direction to enter a decree in favor of the plaintiff, not only for the amount of the Goldsmith note, namely, $5000, with interest from November 1, 1881, but also for the proper value of the $5200 of bonds, with proper interest, such value and interest to be ascertained by the Circuit Court, and the plaintiff to recover costs in this court on both appeals, and costs in the Circuit Court.

UNITED STATES v. PILE.

CERTIFICATE OF DIVISION IN OPINION FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE MIDDLE DISTRICT OF TENNESSEE.

No. 206. Argued and submitted March 15, 1889. Decided April 8, 1889.

The suspension of the execution of a judgment in a criminal case until the next term of court, unaccompanied by any pending motion for a rehearing or modification of the judgment or other proceeding taken at the term of court when the judgment was rendered, leaves the judgment in full force, and the court without further jurisdiction of the case.

A certificate of division in opinion upon a matter over which the court below has no jurisdiction brings nothing before this court for review.

MOTION TO DISMISS. The case is stated in the opinion.

Mr. Solicitor General for the motion.

Mr. John P. Murray, opposing, submitted on his brief.
MR. JUSTICE MILLER delivered the opinion of the court.

The defendant below, who is the defendant here, was tried in the Circuit Court of the United States for the Middle District of Tennessee upon an indictment charging him with falsely making and forging an affidavit of John Frogge and others in relation to a claim for a pension. The jury by their verdict found him guilty. His counsel then entered a motion

Opinion of the Court.

in arrest of judgment upon the alleged insufficiency of the indictment, which motion was overruled by the court. Thereupon the defendant moved for a new trial, which was refused, and judgment rendered, sentencing the defendant to be confined in the jail of Davidson County for three months, and to forfeit and pay to the United States a fine of $250, and the costs, for which execution should issue, and the defendant be confined until said fine and costs were paid, or he was otherwise dis charged by due course of law.

All this appears by the record to have been done on the 29th day of October, 1884, and on the 31st day of the same month the following order was made:

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"Came the U. S. att'y and the deft. in proper person, and upon application of the deft., the execution of the judgment heretofore entered herein is suspended until the fourth Monday in November next, upon defendant entering into recognizance for his appearance at that date. And thereupon came John C. Wright, who, with defendant, acknowledged himself indebted to the United States in the sum of $2000, conditioned upon the appearance of defendant on the 4th Monday of November to abide by and perform the judgment of the court, and that he shall not depart without leave of the court.

"On Nov. 24th, 1884, on motion of defendant, the execution of the judgment herein was suspended until the next term of the court."

At the subsequent term, April 23, 1885, the following proceedings were had:

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"Upon sufficient grounds appearing to the court, the judgment of fine and imprisonment pronounced in this cause at the last term, and the judgment rendered at the last term of this

Opinion of the Court.

court on the motion in arrest of judgment overruling the same, are hereby set aside and for nothing held. And thereupon comes the defendant, by his counsel, before the Circuit and District Judges, and moved that the judgment in this case be arrested, and for causes sets forth the following:

"1. The indictment does not aver any specific intent to defraud the United States or other party.

"2. The indictment is delusive, uncertain, repugnant, or inconsistent.

"And the motion coming on for argument before the honorable the judges aforesaid, and they being unable to agree as to whether the said motion is well taken or not, but having divided in opinion touching the same, at the request of the counsel of the defendant, a certificate of division is filed by the said judges, which is ordered to be made part of the record in this case. And no further steps will be taken in this case till the Supreme Court shall have adjudicated the question in said certificate set forth. The district attorney excepted to the order of the court setting aside the judgment of the court rendered at the last term, overruling the motion of defendant to arrest the judgment, and to the signing of division of opinion at this term of the court.

"It is ordered that the clerk certify the entire record of this cause to the Supreme Court.

"It is further ordered that defendant enter into bond with good security in the penal sum of two thousand dollars, conditioned that he make his personal appearance at the Federal court-room in Nashville on the first day of April term of said Circuit Court, 1886, then and there to abide the further order of said Circuit Court. The defendant objects to the copying of any part of the record not authorized by law or the rules of the Supreme Court."

The judges thereupon certified to this court that they were divided in opinion upon the question of whether the motion in arrest of judgment should be allowed.

We are of opinion that the case here must be dismissed. When the Circuit Court had entered its judgment against the

Opinion of the Court.

defendant for an imprisonment of three months and a fine of $250, and had overruled the motion in arrest of judgment and for a new trial, it had finally disposed of the case. No new motion was made at that term of the court, for any farther consideration of the matter, and the judgment thus entered was final. It is true that the court made an order, upon the application of the defendant, by which the execution of that judgment was suspended until the fourth Monday in November, which was during the same term, and that on the 24th of November another order was entered still farther suspending its execution until the next term of the court. But we do not consider that this order for the suspension of such execution set the judgment aside or was founded on any further motion to reconsider that judgment. Although the mere execution of it was suspended until the next term of the court the judg ment remained in full force, with no proceeding pending to rehear, reconsider, or modify it. At the succeeding April term the court entered the order above quoted, that the judgment of fine and imprisonment, and that upon overruling the motion in arrest of judgment, be set aside and for nothing held; whereupon the questions above stated were argued upon the motion in arrest of judgment and the certificate of division made by the two judges on the question of granting the motion.

We do not understand that the court at that time had any farther jurisdiction of the case. There was no motion continued from the last term; there was no application or proceeding pending from the last term, nor anything coming over from it, except the suspension of execution. This did not leave the power of the court to reconsider the whole case still open. As it was not a case, therefore, for a division of opinion, in which either the court or the circuit judge (who did not sit upon the trial) had any power to act, we consider that there is nothing before this court, and the case must be dismissed. here. The certificate of division related to a matter in which they had no right to act or to make such a certificate. It therefore brings nothing before this court for review, and The case is dismissed for want of jurisdiction.

Opinion of the Court.

DAVIES v. MILLER.

ERROR TO THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK.

No. 1279. Argued January 14, 15, 1889.- Decided April 1, 1889.

66

The notice of dissatisfaction with the decision of the collector of customs as to the rate and amount of duties on imported goods, required by the act of June 30, 1864, c. 171, § 14 (Rev. Stat. § 2931), to be given within ten days after the ascertainment and liquidation of the duties by the proper officers of the customs," may be given at any time after the entry of the goods and the collector's original estimate of the amount of duties, and before the final ascertainment and liquidation of the duties as stamped upon the entry.

THE case is stated in the opinion.

Mr. Stephen G. Clarke for plaintiffs in error. Mr. Edwin B. Smith was with him on the brief.

Mr. Solicitor General for defendants in error.

MR. JUSTICE GRAY delivered the opinion of the court.

This was an action against the executors of a late collector of the port of New York to recover back duties exacted on goods imported by the plaintiffs in July, August and September, 1873.

At the trial, the plaintiffs introduced evidence tending to show that the duties exacted and paid were excessive; that appeals to the Secretary of the Treasury were taken and this action brought in due time; and that the protest as to each entry was filed after the collector's decision on the rate and amount of duties, but before the date of the final ascertainment and liquidation of the duties, as stamped upon the entry. The court directed a verdict for the defendants, on the ground that the protest was filed "before the liquidation of the entry to which it referred, and not within ten days thereafter, as required by law." The plaintiffs duly excepted to

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