program, the utmost economy in building planning, the elimination from the curriculum of any subjects which have not been fully established by tradition and which may be called frills or fads, and an intensive application in the fundamental tool subjects.

The minority group also believes that it would be unwise to spend money at this time for new buildings because prices of materials and labor are high and there is a prospect that they will be lower within a period of a year or two. There is also the possibility that growth in the community will be slowed down and that some of the pressure in the elementary schools will be relieved by children attending private or other types of non-public schools.

Assignment

1. What evidence exists that the junior high school movement has grown out of a more thorough and more scientific knowledge of what boys and girls need than prevailed in the development of the traditional elementary program of eight grades?

2. Study each one of the findings and recommendations made by the educational experts and indicate fallacies or inaccuracies that may exist.

3. Study each of the points made by the minority group and indicate the degree to which the objections raised to the program are valid.

4. What further evidence should you desire to collect if you were the superintendent of schools and were anxious to present your case more favorably before either group?

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BRUNER, H. B. Okmulgee City Schools. First Annual Report of the Superintendent, 1923-24. Board of Education, Okmulgee, Okla., 1924.

FERNANDEZ, A. B. A School Building Program for Meriden, Conn. U. S. Bureau of Education, Bulletin, 1920, No. 22, Washington, D. C.

HART, F. W. AND PETERSON, L. H. A School Building Survey and Schoolhousing Program for San Rafael, Calif. Bureau of Research in Education, University of California, Educational Study, No. 8, 1922.

LEWIS, E. E. Rockford, Ill., Building Program. American School Board Journal, 63:47-50, November, 1921.

NEALE, M. G. AND SEVERSON, S. B. A School Building Program for the City of Duluth, Minn. Board of Education, Duluth, 1922.

PACKER, P. C. AND GREENE, H. A. A School Plant Program for Davenport, Iowa. State University of Iowa, 1925.

SMITH, H. P. The Building Program of a Small City. American School Board Journal, 61:43-45, August, 1920.

SPAULDING, F. E. ET AL. Principles, Policies and Plans for the Improvement of the New Bedford Public Schools. School Committee, New Bedford, Mass., 1922.

PROBLEM 20

THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SCHOOL BUILDING PROGRAM FOR GRANDVIEW, N. K.

Problem: To analyze the present and future elementary school building needs of the city of Grandview, N. K., and from such an analysis draw up a comprehensive program adequate to meet all future school needs.

You have recently been appointed superintendent of schools in Grandview and have collected the facts shown below. After studying these facts thoroughly, you have concluded that it would be desirable to present them to the Board of Education in the form of a report together with your recommendations as to the best solution of the problem.

Grandview is a growing community and may very decidedly be termed a residential city. Its present boundaries will probably not be extended because of the character of the city and the fact that the city is surrounded by other suburban communities which are equally proud of the character of their population and the residential nature of their cities.

OTHER FACTS PERTINENT TO THE SITUATION

The present population of Grandview is 35,000. Twentyfour thousand are native-born Americans, 6,000 are negroes, and 5,000 are foreign-born (or of foreign parentage). Grandview has the 6-3-3 school organization and is well satisfied to continue it.

The gerrymandering of school districts, as shown on Diagram 1, is due to the varying demands of the different racial groups in the population.

There are nine elementary schools, two of which house junior high school pupils, two separate junior high school units, one senior high school, one Roman Catholic school (8 grades), one private boys' school, one private girls' school

DISTRIBUTION OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL POPULATION WITH LINES DRAWN TO SHOW
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL DISTRICTS

and one observation school in Grandview. The total number of non-public elementary pupils is 700. The distribution of the public elementary school population is shown in Diagram 1, together with the lines indicating the elementary school districts.

The present enrollment and capacity of the public elementary schools are as follows:

The school population for each type of school since 1912

The city population, according to the federal census, has