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date of operations. Facilities that carry out periodic irradiation operations must notify an inspector of scheduled operations at least 24 hours before scheduled operations.9

(3) Packaging. Fruits and vegetables that are treated within a quarantined area must be packaged in the following

manner:

(i) The cartons must have no openings that will allow the entry of fruit flies and must be sealed with seals that will visually indicate if the cartons have been opened. They may be constructed of any material that prevents the entry of fruit flies and prevents oviposition by fruit flies into the fruit in the carton.10

(ii) The pallet-load of cartons must be wrapped before it leaves the irradiation facility in one of the following ways:

(A) With polyethylene sheet wrap; (B) With net wrapping; or

(C) With strapping so that each carton on an outside row of the pallet load is constrained by a metal or plastic strap.

(iii) Packaging must be labeled with treatment lot numbers, packing and treatment facility identification and location, and dates of packing and treatment.

(4) Dosage. The fruits and vegetables must receive a minimum absorbed ionizing radiation dose of 225 Gray (22.5 krad).11

(5) Dosimetry systems. (i) Dosimetry must demonstrate that the absorbed dose, including areas of minimum and maximum dose, is mapped, controlled, and recorded.

(ii) Absorbed dose must be measured using a dosimeter that can accurately measure an absorbed dose of 225 Gray (22.5 krad).

9 Inspectors are assigned to local offices of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, which are listed in telephone directories.

10 If there is a question as to the adequacy of a carton, send a request for approval of the carton, together with a sample carton, to the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine, Phytosanitary Issues Management Team, 4700 River Road Unit 140, Riverdale, Maryland 20737-1236.

11 See footnote 8.

(iii) The number and placement of dosimeters used must be in accordance with American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards.12

(6) Records. Records or invoices for each treated lot must be made available for inspection by an inspector during normal business hours (8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, except holidays). An irradiation processor must maintain records as specified in this section for a period of time that exceeds the shelf life of the irradiated food product by 1 year, and must make these records available for inspection by an inspector. These records must include the lot identification, scheduled process, evidence of compliance with the scheduled process, ionizing energy source, source calibration, dosimetry, dose distribution in the product, and the date of irradiation.

(7) Request for approval and inspection of facility. Persons requesting approval of an irradiation treatment facility and treatment protocol must submit the request for approval in writing to the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine, Oxford Plant Protection Center, 901 Hillsboro St., Oxford, NC 27565. Before the Administrator determines whether an irradiation facility is eligible for approval, an inspector will make a personal inspection of the facility to determine whether it complies with the standards of paragraph (c)(1) of this section.

(8) Denial and withdrawal of approval. (i) The Administrator will withdraw the approval of any irradiation treatment facility when the irradiation processor requests in writing the withdrawal of approval.

(ii) The Administrator will deny or withdraw approval of an irradiation treatment facility when any provision of this section is not met. Before withdrawing or denying approval, the Administrator will inform the irradiation processor in writing of the reasons for the proposed action and provide the irradiation processor with an opportunity to respond. The Administrator

12 Designation E 1261, "Standard Guide for Selection and Calibration of Dosimetry Systems for Radiation Processing," American Society for Testing and Materials, Annual Book of ASTM Standards.

will give the irradiation processor an opportunity for a hearing regarding any dispute of a material fact, in accordance with rules of practice that will be adopted for the proceeding. However, the Administrator will suspend approval pending final determination in the proceeding, if he or she determines that suspension is necessary to prevent the spread of any dangerous insect infestation. The suspension will be effective upon oral or written notification, whichever is earlier, to the irradiation processor. In the event of oral notification, written confirmation will be given to the irradiation processor within 10 days of the oral notification. The suspension will continue in effect pending completion of the proceeding and any judicial review of the proceeding.

(9) Department not responsible for damage. This treatment is approved to assure quarantine security against Mediterranean fruit fly. From the literature available, the fruits and vegetables authorized for treatment under this section are believed tolerant to the treatment; however, the facility operator and shipper are responsible for determination of tolerance. The Department of Agriculture and its inspectors assume no responsibility for any loss or damage resulting from any treatment prescribed or supervised. Additionally, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission is responsible for ensuring that irradiation facilities are constructed and operated in a safe manner. Further, the Food and Drug Administration is responsible for ensuring that irradiated foods are safe and wholesome for human consumption.

(d) Premises. A field, grove, or area that is located within the quarantined area but outside the infested core area, and that produces regulated articles, must receive regular treatments with malathion bait spray. These treatments must take place at 6 to 10-day intervals, starting a sufficient time before harvest (but not less than 30 days before harvest) to allow for completion of egg and larvae development of the Mediterranean fruit fly. Determination of the time period must be based on day degrees. Once treatment has begun, it must continue through the harvest period. The malathion bait

spray treatment must be applied at a rate of 1.2 fluid ounces of technical grade malathion (1.4 ounces by weight) and 10.8 fluid ounces of protein hydrolysate (13.2 ounces by weight) per acre, for a total of 12 fluid ounces per acre. (e) Soil. Soil within the drip area of plants that are producing or have produced the berries, fruits, nuts, and vegetables listed in §301.78-2(a) of this subpart: Apply diazinon at the rate of 5 pounds actual ingredient per acre to the soil within the drip area with sufficient water to wet the soil to a depth of at least 1⁄2 inch. Both immersion and pour-on treatment procedures are also acceptable.

(Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0579-0088)

[56 FR 57576, Nov. 13, 1991; 56 FR 63550, Dec. 4, 1991, as amended at 58 FR 63031, Nov. 30, 1993; 59 FR 25791, May 18, 1994; 60 FR 52834, Oct. 11, 1995; 62 FR 47557, Sept. 10, 1997]

Subpart-Witchweed

QUARANTINE AND REGULATIONS

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§301.80 Quarantine; restriction interstate movement of specified regulated articles.

(a) Notice of quarantine. Pursuant to the provisions of sections 8 and 9 of the Plant Quarantine Act of August 20, 1912, as amended, and section 106 of the Federal Plant Pest Act (7 U.S.C. 161, 162, 150ee), the Secretary of Agriculture heretofore determined, after public hearing, that it was necessary to quarantine the States of North Carolina and South Carolina, in order to prevent the spread of witchweed (Striga spp.), a parasitic plant which causes a dangerous disease of corn, sorghum, and other crops of the grass family, not theretofore widely prevalent or distributed within and throughout the United States, and accordingly quarantined said States. Under the authority of said provisions, the Secretary hereby continues such quarantine in effect with respect to the interstate movement from the quarantined States of the articles described in paragraph (b) of this section, issues the regulations in this subpart governing such movement, and gives notice of said quarantine and regulations.

(b) Quarantine restrictions on interstate movement of specified regulated articles. No common carrier or other person shall move interstate from any quarantined State any of the following articles (defined in § 301.80-1(p) as regulated articles), except in accordance with the conditions prescribed in this subpart:

(1) Soil, compost, peat, humus, muck, and decomposed manure, separately or with other things; sand; and gravel. (2) Plants with roots.

(3) Grass sod.

(4) Plant crowns and roots for propagation.

(5) True bulbs, corms, rhizomes, and tubers of ornamental plants.

(6) Root crops, except those from which all soil has been removed.

(7) Peanuts in shells and peanut shells, except boiled or roasted peanuts.

(8) Small grains and soybeans.

(9) Hay, straw, fodder, and plant litter of any kind.

(10) Seed cotton and gin trash.
(11) Stumpwood.

(12) Long green cucumbers, cantaloupes, peppers, squash, tomatoes, and watermelons, except those from which all soil has been removed.

(13) Pickling cucumbers, string beans, and field peas.

(14) Cabbage, except firm heads with loose outer leaves removed.

(15) Leaf tobacco, except flue-cured leaf tobacco.

(16) Ear corn, except shucked ear

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witchweed, and the person in possession thereof has been so notified.

[35 FR 10553, June 30, 1970, as amended at 36 FR 24917, Dec. 24, 1971; 41 FR 27372, July 2, 1976; 58 FR 216, Jan. 5, 1993]

8301.80-1 Definitions.

Terms used in the singular form in this subpart shall be deemed to import the plural, and vice versa, as the case may demand. The following terms, when used in this subpart, shall be construed, respectively, to mean:

(a) Certificate. A document issued or authorized to be issued under this subpart by an inspector to allow the interstate movement of regulated articles to any destination.

(b) Compliance agreement. A written agreement between a person engaged in growing, handling, or moving regulated articles, and the Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs, wherein the former agrees to comply with the requirements of this subpart identified in the agreement by the inspector who executes the agreement on behalf of the Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs as applicable to the operations of such person.

(c) Deputy Administrator. The Deputy Administrator of the Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, or any other officer or employee of said Service to whom authority to act in his stead has been or may hereafter be delegated.

(d) Farm tools. An instrument worked or used by hand, e.g., hoes, rakes, shovels, axes, hammers, and saws.

(e) Generally infested area. Any part of a regulated area not designated as a suppressive area in accordance with § 301.80-2.

(f) Infestation. The presence of witchweed or the existence of circumstances that make it reasonable to believe that witchweed is present.

(g) Inspector. Any employee of the Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, or other person, authorized by the Deputy Administrator to enforce the provisions of the quarantine and regulations in this subpart.

(h) Interstate. From any State into or through any other State.

(i) Limited permit. A document issued or authorized to be issued by an inspector to allow the interstate movement of noncertifiable regulated articles to a specified destination for limited handling, utilization, or processing, or for treatment.

(j) Mechanized cultivating equipment; and mechanized harvesting equipment. Mechanized equipment used for soil tillage, including tillage attachments for farm tractors, e.g., tractors, disks, plows, harrows, planters, and subsoilers; mechanized equipment used for harvesting purposes, e.g., mechanical cotton harvesters, hay balers, corn pickers, and combines.

(k) Mechanized soil-moving equipment. Mechanized equipment used to move or transport soil, e.g., draglines, bulldozers, road scrapers, and dumptrucks.

(1) Moved (movement, move). Shipped, offered for shipment to a common carrier, received for transportation or transported by a common carrier, or carried, transported, moved or allowed to be moved by any means. "Movement" and "move" shall be construed accordingly.

(m) Person. Any individual, corporation, company, society, or association, or other organized group of any of the foregoing.

(n) Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs. The organizational unit within the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service delegated responsibility for enforcing provisions of the Plant Quarantine Act and Federal Plant Pest Act, and quarantines and regulations promulgated thereunder.

(0) Regulated area. Any quarantined State, or any portion thereof, designated as a regulated area in §301.802a or otherwise designated as a regulated area in accordance with §301.802(b).

(p) Regulated articles. Any articles described in § 301.80(b).

(q) Restricted destination permit. A document issued or authorized to be issued by an inspector to allow the interstate movement of regulated articles not certifiable under all applicable Federal domestic plant quarantines to a specified destination for other than scientific purposes.

(r) Scientific permit. A document issued by the Deputy Administrator to allow the interstate movement to a specified destination of regulated articles for scientific purposes.

(s) Soil. That part of the upper layer of earth in which plants can grow.

(t) State. Any State, territory, or district of the United States, including Puerto Rico.

(u) Suppressive area. That portion of a regulated area where eradication of infestation is undertaken as an objective, as designated by the Deputy Administrator under § 301.80-2(a).

(v) Treatment Manual. The provisions currently contained in the "Manual of Administratively Authorized Proce

dures to be Used Under the Witchweed Quarantine" and the "Fumigation Procedures Manual" and any amendments thereto. 1

(w) Witchweed. Parasitic plants of the genus Striga and reproductive parts thereof, including seeds.

[41 FR 27372, July 2, 1976]

§301.80-2 Authorization to designate, and terminate designation of, regulated areas and suppressive or generally infested areas; and to exempt articles from certification, permit, or other requirements.

(a) Regulated areas and suppressive or generally infested areas. The Deputy Administrator shall designate as regulated areas, in a supplemental regulation designated as $301.80-2a, each quarantined State, or each portion thereof in which witchweed has been found or in which there is reason to believe that witchweed is present or which it is deemed necessary to regulate because of its proximity to infestation or its inseparability for quarantine enforcement purposes from infested localities. The Deputy Administrator, in the supplemental regulation, may designate any regulated area or portion thereof, as a suppressive area or a generally infested area in accordance with the definitions thereof in

1 Pamphlets containing such provisions are available upon request to the Deputy Administrator, Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC 20250, or from an inspector.

§301.80-1. Less than an entire quarantined State will be designated as a regulated area only if the Deputy Administrator is of the opinion that:

(1) The State has adopted and is enforcing a quarantine or regulation which imposes restrictions on the intrastate movement of the regulated articles which are substantially the same as those which are imposed with respect to the interstate movement of such articles under this subpart; and

(2) The designation of less than the entire State as a regulated area will otherwise be adequate to prevent the interstate spread of witchweed.

(b) Temporary designation of regulated areas and suppressive or generally infested areas. The Deputy Administrator or an authorized inspector may temporarily designate any other premises in a quarantined State as a regulated area and may designate the regulated area or portions thereof as a suppressive or generally infested area, in accordance with the criteria specified in paragraph (a) of this section for designating such area, by serving written notice thereof on the owner or person in possession of such premises, and thereafter the interstate movement of regulated articles from such premises by any person having notice of the designation shall be subject to the applicable provisions of this subpart. As soon as practicable, such premises shall be added to the list in §301.80-2a if a basis then exists for their designation.

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(c) Termination of designation as a regulated area and a suppressive or generally infested area. The Deputy Administrator shall terminate the designation provided for under paragraph (a) of this section of any area designated as a regulated area or a suppressive or a generally infested area when he determines that such designation is longer required under the criteria specified in paragraph (a) of this section. The Deputy Administrator or an inspector shall terminate the designation provided for under paragraph (b) of this section of any premises designated as a regulated area or a suppressive or a generally infested area when he determines that such designation is no longer required under the criteria specified in paragraph (a) of this section, and notice thereof shall be given to the

owner or person in possession of the premises.

(d) Exemption of articles from certification, permit, or other requirements. The Deputy Administrator may, in a supplemental regulation designated as §301.80-2b, list regulated articles or movements of regulated articles which shall be exempt from the certification, permit, or other requirements of this subpart under such conditions as he may prescribe, if he finds that facts exist as to the pest risk involved in the movement of such regulated articles which make it safe to so relieve such requirements.

[41 FR 27372, July 2, 1976]

§301.80-2a Regulated areas; generally infested and suppressive areas.

The civil divisions and parts of civil divisions described below are designated as witchweed regulated areas within the meaning of this subpart.

NORTH CAROLINA

(1) Generally infested areas. None. (2) Suppressive areas.

Bladen County. That area north of a line beginning at the intersection of the RobesonBladen County line and State Highway 211, then east along State Highway 211 Bypass to State Highway 242, then northeast along State Highway 242 to U.S. Highway 701, then north along U.S. Highway 701 to the Cape Fear River, then southeast along the Cape Fear River to the Bladen-Columbus County line.

The Blanks, Alex, farm located on the north side of State Secondary Road 1734 and 0.5 mile southeast of its intersection with State Highway 87.

The Hardison, H.B., farm located on a field road 0.25 mile northwest of its intersection with State Secondary Road 1719 and 0.2 mile west of its intersection with State Secondary Road 1797.

The Jacobs, Sammy, farm located on a field road 2.0 miles southwest of its intersection with State Secondary Road 1708 and 0.25 mile south of its intersection with State Secondary Road 211.

The Maultsby, T.N., farm located on both sides of State Highway 87 at 0.7 mile northwest of its intersection with State Secondary Road 1743.

The Williams, Johnny, farm located west of State Highway 211 Business and 0.1 mile from its intersection with State Highway 211 Bypass and 0.5 mile southeast of the Robeson-Bladen County line.

Columbus County. The Biggs, K.M., farm located on the north side of State Secondary

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