The NOAA Diving Manual: Diving for Science and TechnologyU.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of Marine Resources, 1975 - 368 pages |
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Page xi
... Effects to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Exposure Period ........ .... 2-8 2-5 Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure on Location of Breathing Bags Within a Closed - Circuit Scuba ....... 2-11 2-6 Principal Parts of the Ear ....... 2-12 2-7 ...
... Effects to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Exposure Period ........ .... 2-8 2-5 Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure on Location of Breathing Bags Within a Closed - Circuit Scuba ....... 2-11 2-6 Principal Parts of the Ear ....... 2-12 2-7 ...
Page xii
... Effects of Water Temperature ....... 4-23 4 24 Hot Water Wet Suit ....... 4-24 Closed - Circuit Hot Water Suit Undergarment . 4-25 4-26 Variable - Volume Dry Suit .... 4-25 4-27 Snorkel ......... 4-26 4 28 Digital Depth Gauge 4-27 4:29 ...
... Effects of Water Temperature ....... 4-23 4 24 Hot Water Wet Suit ....... 4-24 Closed - Circuit Hot Water Suit Undergarment . 4-25 4-26 Variable - Volume Dry Suit .... 4-25 4-27 Snorkel ......... 4-26 4 28 Digital Depth Gauge 4-27 4:29 ...
Page 12
... effects are usually neutralized . At sea level atmospheric pressure is 14.7 psi or 1.03 kg / cm2 . At higher elevations , this value decreases . Pressures above 14.7 psi are often expressed in atmospheres . For example , one atmos ...
... effects are usually neutralized . At sea level atmospheric pressure is 14.7 psi or 1.03 kg / cm2 . At higher elevations , this value decreases . Pressures above 14.7 psi are often expressed in atmospheres . For example , one atmos ...
Page 13
... effect on the buoyancy of an individual . With full lungs the diver displaces a greater volume of water and there- fore is more buoyant than with exhaled lungs . Other individual differences include bone structure and bone weight and ...
... effect on the buoyancy of an individual . With full lungs the diver displaces a greater volume of water and there- fore is more buoyant than with exhaled lungs . Other individual differences include bone structure and bone weight and ...
Page 14
... 20 10 10.13 Thousands of Feet T 5 0 3 2 10 Thousands of Meters 2 3 5 7 50 3- 20 100 40 10 Meters 60 80 150 200 250 300 Feel Figure 1-2 The Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure At the Surface. 1-4 NOAA Diving Manual Figure 1-1.
... 20 10 10.13 Thousands of Feet T 5 0 3 2 10 Thousands of Meters 2 3 5 7 50 3- 20 100 40 10 Meters 60 80 150 200 250 300 Feel Figure 1-2 The Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure At the Surface. 1-4 NOAA Diving Manual Figure 1-1.
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Common terms and phrases
Air Dives air supply ambient anesthetic ascent atmosphere blood boat body bottom breathing gas breathing medium buoyancy carbon dioxide cave diving closed-circuit compressed compressor cylinder decompression sickness decompression stops Decompression Table depth Dive Master diver diving equipment diving operations effects emergency entering the water equivalent air depth excursions exhaled exposure feet Figure fish gas embolism gases gauge habitat hazard hose hypoxia increase kelp limited lungs marine mask ment meter method minutes mixed gas mixture No-Decompression normal oxygen oxygen toxicity Paragraph partial pressure percent Photo pressure wave procedures recompression chamber reef regulator repetitive dive repetitive group Residual Nitrogen result safety sample saturation diving scuba Scuba Diving sharks species Standard Air stop submersible Surface Decompression surface interval surface support swim symptoms techniques temperature tion tissues treatment tube U.S. Navy umbilical underwater valve ventilation victim visibility volume weight wet suit
Popular passages
Page 13 - Archimedes stated that a body immersed in a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the displaced fluid.
Page 1-3 - The amount of any given gas that will dissolve in a liquid at a given temperature is a function of the partial pressure of that gas in contact with the liquid and the solubility coefficient of the gass in the particular liquid.
Page 12 - Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of water, the values for both substances being determined at the same temperature or at another specified temperature.
Page 17 - Dalton's law states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures that would be exerted by each of the gases if it alone were present and occupied the total volume.
Page 15-19 - Place the heel of one hand on the lower third of the breastbone, the other hand on top of the first. 2. Thrust downward from your shoulders with enough force to depress the breastbone l'/£-2 inches.
Page 7-12 - Fouling A surface-supplied diver's umbilical line may become fouled in mooring lines, wreckage, or underwater structures, or the diver may be trapped by the cave-in of a tunnel or shifting of heavy objects. The surface-supplied diver is in a much better situation to survive since he has a virtually unlimited air supply and generally the ability to communicate, thus facilitating rescue operations. Consequences of fouling may result in fatigue, exposure, and prolonged submergence, with subsequent prolonged...
Page 14-24 - Knowing the amount of air that must be used does not solve the ventilation problem unless there is some way to determine the volume of air actually being used for ventilation. The standard procedure is to open the exhaust valve a given number of turns (or...
Page 69 - Adjust buoyancy if necessary. Whether the diver is weighted neutral or negative will depend on the mission requirements. • Ensure that air supply system, helmet or mask, and communications are functioning properly. If not, corrections must be made prior to descent. Never dive with malfunctioning equipment. • The tender should also verify that all equipment is functioning satisfactorily. • The diver is given permission to descend by the Dive Master.
Page 1-19 - I, no psychophysiological per-formance degradation or any other consistent effect is noted. In zone II, small threshold hearing losses have been found, and there is a perceptible doubling in depth of respiration. In zone III, the zone of distracting discomfort, the symptoms are judgment errors, mental depression, headache, dizziness, nausea, "air hunger," and decrease in visual discrimination.
Page 14 - Time (feet) (minutes) 2. Descent rate- as fast as possible. 3. Ascent rate— 1 ft/min. Do not compensate for slower ascent rates. Compensate for faster ascent rates by halting the ascent. 4. Time at 165 feet- includes time from the surface. 5.