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Comment: National Plant Food Institute was advised on date of press release and all members were notified. Greek Foreign Trade Administration offices in Washington were able to provide additional information, and bidders could send quotations by cable.

10. FC 59-27: "Colombia Invites Bids for Communications Systems." Reported by airgram dated February 10, by American Embassy, Bogota, received in Commerce February 12. Press release issued February 13. Closing date February 28, with possibility of extension of 2 weeks.

Comment: These are very specialized installations and suppliers are regular users of Commerce services. They follow developments closely and, acting on the press release, undoubtedly followed up through their representatives in Colombia.

11. FC 59-137: "NATO Projects in Greece Opened to U.S. Bidders." Reported by American Embassy, Athens, in dispatch dated May 11, received in Commerce May 20. Press release issued same day. Closing dates for expression of interest, May 25 and 30.

Comment: Since interested firms need only to cable their intention to bid on the projects, the filing dates, though close, seemed adequate.

12. FC 59-41: "Construction Projects in Paraguay (and Portugal) Open to U.S. Bidders." Reported by American Embassy, Asuncion, by airgram dated February 18, received in Commerce February 20. Press release issued February 26. Closing date, March 10.

Comment: Despite short bid period, this project announced to alert contractors interested in Latin America, and also for information of suppliers of machinery, equipment, and materials.

13. FC 59-150: "Toronto Invites Bids for Tunnel Linings." Reported by American consulate general, Toronto, by memorandum dated May 26, received in Commerce May 29. Press release issued June 2. Closing date, June 22.

Comment: Although bidding period was limited, the project is a substantial one and American firms can conveniently reach the consulting engineer in Toronto.

14. FC 59-118: "Ethiopia Wants Construction Machinery and Hauling Equipment." Reported by American Embassy at Addis Ababa by dispatches dated April 21, received in Commerce on April 29. Press release issued May 1. Bid closing dates, from May 20 to 28. Comment: Ethiopian Government usually allows only 30 days for bidding.

A CASE HISTORY-KANSAS CITY FIELD OFFICE USDC

HALLMARK CARDS, INC., KANSAS CITY, MO., JOYCE C. HALL, PRESIDENT;
JOHN BOPPART, MANAGER, MARKET DEVELOPMENT

Since early in 1957, Hallmark Cards has looked to this office for specific and general information concerning the expansion of their oversea operations, particularly in Latin America. These services were climaxed by the recent announcement by this company of a new and complete line of greeting cards in the Spanish language representing an initial budget of over US$300,000.

This case history demonstrates the utilization of field office services and those afforded through the field office by the Bureau of Foreign Commerce. The following chronological sequence of recorded communications between the Kansas City field office and Hallmark trace graphically the development of their program. This, of course, does not include the numerous telephone conversations to the field office as well as the personal consultations in the Hallmark offices:

April 19, 1957: Subscription to Foreign Commerce Weekly; purchase of "Factors Limiting U.S. Investment Abroad" parts 1 and 2; purchase of Investment in *** (5 countries of Latin America); WTIS-Establishing a Business in * * * (5 countries of Latin America); WTIS-Preparing Shipments to Mexico. April 26, 1957: Tariff data on greeting cards to Cuba.

May 24, 1957: 20 pads shipper's export declarations (form 7525-V).

June 14, 1957: Tariff data on greeting cards to Argentina and Brazil.

June 17, 1957: Tariff data on greeting cards to Italy.

July 15, 1957: Information on the wage rates in graphic arts industry in the United Kingdom.

July 31, 1957: Subscription to Survey of Current Business.

August 8, 1957: Purchase of Investment in the Union of South Africa.

August 15, 1957: Tariff data on greeting cards to 12 Latin American countries, Spain, Portugal, and Jamaica.

August 16, 1957: WTIS, licensing and exchange controls in the Union of South Africa.

August 21, 1957: Tariff data on El Salvador and Uruguay.

September 6, 1957: List of department stores in Caracas, Venezuela (special trade list).

September 24, 1957: Information on tariff covering paper items in Chile.
September 26, 1957 : Tariff data on Guatemala.

October 3, 1957: Tariff data on the Dominican Republic and Panama. October 16, 1957: Arranged through the Trade Development Division and Department of State to assist the Hallmark representative on his market survey trip of Latin America. He visited and was assisted by commercial attachés in Venezuela, Brazil, Panama, and Mexico.

October 17, 1957: Assisted in the selection of an advisory panel of Spanishspeaking people to evaluate sentiments proposed to be included in their new Spanish-language line. Supplied representative from the Kansas City field office, who speaks Spanish, to sit in on this meeting. One of the members whom the Kansas City field office referred to Hallmark was selected as a permanent adviser. October 18, 1957: Purchased U.S. Participation in International Travel. October 31, 1957: Tariff data on Panama (revised).

November 14, 1957: 20 pads shippers' export declarations (form 7525–V).
November 13, 1957: Export-import trade statistics.

December 20, 1957: Completed revised form 57 (Exporters-Importers Index). December 30, 1957: Tariff data on Panama to be effective January 1, 1958. January 17, 1958: Tariff rate on envelopes to seven Latin American countries. January 24, 1958: Assistance in contact committee for reciprocity information on the future inclusion of tariff rates on greeting cards with envelopes. Some tariff schedules now carry different rates on the two types of paper products. January 24, 1958: WTIS, preparing shipments to Peru. International comparisons of tariff levels, their nature and significance. Instrumentation in Mexico.

January 24, 1958: List of revised schedule B numbers.

January 30, 1958: Patent and trademark regulations in 14 Latin American countries. Electric current abroad. Preparing shipments to (four Latin American countries).

March 3, 1958: Subscription renewal to Foreign Commerce Weekly.

March 4, 1958: Patent and trademark regulations in four additional Latin American countries.

March 6, 1958: Purchase of dictionary of spoken Spanish.

March 13, 1958: Foreign development organizations for trade and investment. April 15, 1958: Import tariff system of Spain.

April 24, 1958: Trade list, Paper and Stationery Importers and Dealers, Cuba and Dominican Republic.

April 18, 1958: Information on the tax structure of Argentina.

May 5, 1958: Tariff Data on Paper Seals to Mexico and Peru.

May 13, 1958: Spanish compilation of data covering invoice requirements on 41 countries.

May 15, 1958: Tariff data on wrapping paper and ribbon to the Dominican Republic and Panama.

May 26, 1958: Clipped current copy of Foreign Commerce Weekly on Argentina. Tax change for Hallmark's tax department.

June 7, 1958: Transmitted letter to Mr. Joyce Hall, president of Hallmark cards from Mr. Frederick H. Mueller, Assistant Secretary of Commerce who read a clipping from the Kansas City Star that had been sent in by the Kansas City field office regarding Hallmark's expansion program.

June 23, 1958: Tariff rates on cards to Mexico.

July 7, 1958: Import duties on cards in Colombia.

July 10, 1958: Revised data on import duties to El Salvador.

July 17, 1958: WTIS, preparing shipments to Venezuela.

July 25, 1958: WTIS, preparing shipment to (five Latin American countries). August 4, 1958: Trade list, Paper and Stationery Importers and dealers, the Philippines.

August 20, 1958: Subscription renewal, Survey of Current Business. September 11, 1958: WTIS, preparing shipments to (seven Latin American countries).

September 11, 1958: 40 pads shippers export declarations (Form 7525-V).

APPENDIX C

SMALL BUSINESS PARTICIPANTS IN U.S. EXHIBITS AT INTERNATIONAL TRADE FAIRS EXPRESS GOOD WILL IN LETTERS TO DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE OFFICE

C. T. Kasline, sales manager, Torsion Balance Co., Clifton, N.J., May 14, 1959: "We appreciate very much the pictures of the exhibit at the Paris International Fair. If we can be of assistance to you at any time for future fairs or exhibits, we shall be very pleased to cooperate with you."

George H. Paul, assistant to the export manager, ANTARA, November 11, 1958: "Please be sure, Mr. Pollak, to contact us if you feel that we can be of assistance in connection with any other exhibits your office may be planning. It has been a real pleasure to cooperate with you and your staff."

Emory Cook, Cook Laboratories, Inc., Stamford, Conn., October 9, 1958: "I wish to express appreciation on behalf of all of us for the opportunity to display our microfusion equipment in Vienna. The diligent and aggressive management of the fair was a pleasure to watch, and we can only hope that our exhibit may have contributed something extra to what is already an impressive program." (Miss) Dorothy Miller, export department, the Columbian Vise & Manufacturing Co., Cleveland, Ohio, April 8, 1959: "Thank you for your letter of April 4 enclosing special feature article about the Columbian vises which were used in several small shops at the Calcutta solo exhibit as well as the two glossy photos of the vises in use. You are certainly to be congratulated on the organization of these exhibits, and we should imagine from the news releases that ultimately this should be profitable both to the Indians and to industry in the United States."

Clinton McKim, export department, Ammco Tools, Inc., North Chicago, Ill., April 3, 1959: "Just a note to express our appreciation for your letter of March 26 and the forwarding of the two reports. The fair appears to have been a fine success, and we certainly are wholeheartedly in back of any such representation of American production. We sincerely hope also that you will let us know whenever other fairs are being planned so that we may loan other pieces of our equipment, particularly in the automotive engine and brake servicing field."

John R. Wickwire, vice president, Salem-Brosius, Inc., Carnegie, Pa., May 23, 1958: "Thank you very much for the enclosures concerning our participation in the Milan Samples Fair. We considered it very worth while and were glad to hear of the large attendance and of the great success of the American pavilion." Victor A. Miller, V-M Corp., Benton Harbor, Mich., September 19, 1958: "Thank you kindly for your airmail letter of September 15 with the accompanying clippings describing the U.S. exhibit at Zagreb. It has been our pleasure to participate as we have in these fairs, and we hope you will feel inclined to call on us again for similar participation."

William C. Martinez, export manager, Sunnen Products Co., St. Louis, Mo., February 6, 1959: "We certainly appreciate your letter of January 26, together with the very nice photographs of the exhibit in New Delhi. We would like to be placed on record as wholeheartedly supporting these exhibits and place any products in our line at your disposal for future affairs."

C. A. Lott, assistant vice president, South Bend Lathe Works, South Bend, Ind., December 30, 1958: "We are pleased to learn that this fair is drawing favorable interest among the businessmen and presumably individual citizens of India, and we assure you that we shall be most happy to consider further participation in the later similar fairs that are proposed for India as these proposals develop."

Edwin E. Messmer, president, Amsco Packaging Machinery, Inc., Long Island City, N.Y., November 24, 1958: "It was a pleasure participating in the Zagreb Fair. I feel the American exhibit was successful from my point of view and

believe it accomplished the purpose intended by the Department of Commerce. We sincerely hope you will have equal success in your future exhibits."

J. V. Blevins, president, Blevins Popcorn Co., Nashville, Tenn., December 1, 1958: "It is certainly gratifying to know the popcorn exhibit was popular at the exhibit. We want to be on call whenever popcorn can be utilized in these

exhibits again."

E. J. Niel, advertising manager, the Soundscriber Corp., North Haven, Conn., May 22, 1959: "I appreciate your enclosing the photographs of our exhibit. They are very good and indicate to us that you are doing an excellent job in presenting these materials to the people at the Tokyo International Trade Fair."

J. M. Homs, export manager, Wilshire Power Sweeper Co., New York, N.Y., May 20, 1959: "We have received today your photographs, demonstrating our Wilshire machine at work at the Casablanca Trade Fair exhibit, for which we sincerely thank you. We also thank you very much for the form stating that these pictures may be used by us for public information in the interest of the U.S. exhibit and our part in it."

(Mrs.) Audrey Marsh King, export manager, Marsh Stencil Machine Co., Belleville, Ill., May 18, 1959: "We were very happy to receive the three photos of Marsh equipment in the U.S. pavilion at the recent Paris Fair. We have displayed these pictures in our office and in the factory. Attached is a copy of a news release which was published in the local paper and was sent to several trade publications."

John J. Dixon, assistant general manager, Pyrotronics (a division of Baker Ind., Inc.) Newark, N.J., May 20, 1958: "We thank you for your letter of May 14, together with two photographs showing our Pyr-A-Larm fire and smoke detection system on exhibit at the Casablanca International Trade Fair. When opportune time presents itself, we shall use the photographs for publicity purposes. We are pleased to cooperate with you in any endeavor which will advance the policies of the U.S. Government overseas and the sale or market for our products."

Dean S. Hilborn, sales manager, the Pickwick Co., Cedar Rapids, Iowa, September 30, 1958: "On behalf of the officers and management of the Pickwick Co., we wish to express our thanks for the citation award for our participation and contribution in furnishing equipment for the 1958 Poznan International Trade Fair. We also wish to thank you personally for your fine cooperation in the preparation and forwarding of our equipment. It was indeed a pleasure working with you."

Irwin I. Steinberg, public relations manager, Gulton Industries, Inc., Metuchen, N.J., October 3, 1958: "Dr. Welkowitz has recently returned from the Vienna Fair and has advised me of the favorable reaction that he encountered with regard to our ultrasonic equipment. On behalf of Gulton Industries, I would like to thank you for giving us the opportunity to assist the Government in these very worthwhile ventures and offer to you for the future, any additional help that may be required."

John S. Bartlo, chief engineer, Lynch-Robo Corp., Wallington, N.J., May 6, 1958: "Thank you for the photographs and copy of the cablegram re our RoboWrap at the Japan International Trade Fair in Osaka. These items have been forwarded to our advertising department. We are happy to learn the American exhibit at the Osaka International Trade Fair was well received, and are proud that we were able, in a small measure, to contribute to its success."

E. J. VanHuisseling, international division, Comptometer Corp., Chicago, Ill., September 22, 1958: "Thank you very much for your letter of September 19, enclosing picture of the comptometer being exhibited at the Vienna International Fair. We were interested to read the brief summary of the business machine exhibit and would like to offer you our congratulations for the success of the U.S. exhibit, as evidenced by the cabled report which you enclosed with your letter. Assuring you it was a pleasure for us to be of assistance to the Department in this undertaking, we remain."

Harold Brackett, H. C. Christians Co., Chicago, Ill., December 31, 1958: "It was indeed a thrill to receive your letter with the enclosed reports on the U.S. solo exhibit in New Delhi, India. It is apparent that the exhibit was well received and you can rest assured that we are pleased to have been a part in the preparation of this show. Work such as this that brings our two nations together more closely and makes known the products that are not only available in this country but acceptable over there, is going to do a lot of good in time to come."

APPENDIX D

INDUSTRY CONSTRUCTIONS TO INTERNATIONAL TRADE FAIRS, FALL 1956–SPRING 1959 1

Abbott Laboratories, New York

Richard Abell, Alexandria, Va.
Academic Press, Inc., New York

Acme Code Co., Inc., New York

1

The American Home Magazine, New
York

American Hospital Supply Corp., Flush-
ing. Long Island

Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Read- American Institute of Chemical Engiing, Mass.

neers, New York

Addressograph-Multigraph Corp., Cleve- American Library Association, Chicago

land

Ad Auriema, Inc., New York

Admiral International Corp., Chicago
Aetna Steel Products Corp., New York
AFL-CIO, Washington, D.C.

Carl Ahlers Co., New York

American Machine & Foundry Co., New
York

American Motors Corp., Detroit

American National Red Cross, Washington, D.C.

American Optical Co., New York

Aircraft Industries Association, Wash- American President Lines, New York ington, D.C.

Air Transport Association, Washington,
D.C.

Alco Products, Inc., Schenectady, N.Y.
Alcort, Inc., Waterbury, Conn.

Alden Electronc & Impulse Recording
Co., Westboro, Mass.

Allen Electric & Equipment Co., Kala-
mazoo, Mich.

The American Public Health Association, Inc., New York

American Radiator & Standard Sanitary Corp., New York

American Sand-Banum Co., Inc., Mer-
rick, Long Island

American Seal Cap Corp., Long Island
City

American Sugar Refining Co., New York Alliance Manufacturing Co., Inc., Al- American Telephone & Telegraph Co., liance, Ohio

New York

Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Co., New American Textile Machinery AssociaYork

E. D. Allmendinger, Inc., New York
Alloy Products Corp., Waukesha, Wis.
Aluma Craft Boat Co., Minneapolis,
Minn.

tion

Americana Corp., New York
Amerotron Corp., New York
AMF Atomics Inc., New York
AMI Inc., Grand Rapids, Mich.

Aluminum Co. of America, Pttsburgh, Ammco Tools Inc., Cambridge, Mass. Pa.

Ampex Corp., Redwood City, Calif.

The Aluminum Cooking Utensil Co., Ampra Trading Co., Inc., New York
Inc., New York
Amsco Packaging Machinery, Inc., Long
Island City, N.Y.

Aluminum Goods Manuacturing Co.,
Manitowoc, Wis.

The Anchorage, Inc., Warren, R.I.
Aluminum Structures, Inc., Pittsburgh, Anderson Bros. Manufacturing Co.,
Pa.
Rockford, Ill.

A & M Tool & Die Co., Inc., Southbridge, Anderson Box Co., Indianapolis
Mass.

American Agile Corp., Bedford, Ohio
American Archery Co., Inc., Clarendon
Hills, Ill.

M. D. Anderson Hospital & Tumor In-
stitute, Houston

Animal Trap Co. of America, Lititz, Pa.
Antara, New York

American Art Clay Co., Indianapolis, Anton Electronic Laboratories, Inc.,
Ind.
Brooklyn, N.Y.

American Automatic Typewriter Co., Applied Electronics Co., South San
Chicago

Francisco

American Automobile Association, Archer-Daniels-Midland

Washington, D.C.

American Book Co., New York

Co., Minne

apolis

Elizabeth Arden Sales Corp., New York

American Book Publishers Council, Inc., Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, New York

American Crayon Co., Sandusky, Ohio
American Cyanamid Co., New York
American Dental Association, Chicago
American Electric Furnace Co., Boston
American Electronics, Los Angeles
American Export Lines, New York
American & Foreign Enterprises, Inc.,
New York

Ill.

Argus, Division of Sylvania Interna-
tional, New York

Armco Steel Corp., Middletown, Ohio
Armour & Co., Chicago

Armstrong Cork Co., Lancaster, Pa.
The Aro Equipment Corp., Bryan, Ohio
Ashaway Line & Twine Manufacturing
Co., Ashaway, R.I.

1 Procurement not complete on spring 1959 fairs. Covers only those companies which are firmed up.

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