Ра Paint primers to improve performance of laminated wood members__ Molded particle board.. Dimensionally stable paper for maps, charts, and drawings. Wet-strength papers Wood drying.. Diffusion board. Roofing materials. Temporary shelters of paper. Improved fastenings Potential of chemicals from wood.. For improving portland cement concrete.. For improving asphaltic emulsions.. Potential impact of chemical utilization on waste disposal problem.. Pulp and paper industry Reduction in waste load.. Reduction in fiber loss___ Methods of reducing pollution effect. Index_ Figure 1. Wood uses in Public Works FIGURES facing page 2. Potomac River Yacht Basin in Washington, D.C., showing extensive use of preservative-treated piling and wood members for wharves and catwalks__ 3. Lumber, the primary product of the forest, is the basic material for homes and other light construction___ 4. Preservative-treated timber guardrail structure, San Francisco, Calif. 5. Wood is used extensively in cooling towers. 6. The wood railroad crosstie, in spite of numerous attempts to introduce substitutes, still has no equal in providing a durable but yielding surface for track support__. 7. Factory-type building at Crossett, Ark., with tall, laminated, preservative-treated wood columns that support wood bowstring arches. Workmen are attaching plywood siding- 8. A 1,750-foot bridge used in construction of Priest River Dam, Idaho. Glued laminated girders, 123⁄4 inches by 63% inches in cross section, are designed to carry 300 tons per span-two Euclid trucks or a diesel locomotive and one car. 9. Building of laminated arches using two layers of diagonally laid lumber as roof sheathing, Long Island, N.Y. 10. Parabolic laminated arches used in park structure. Four-inch decking provides structural roof as well as interior ceiling, Glasshouse Point, Jamestown, Va.. 11. Recreation shelter constructed with glued laminated beams and supporting columns, wood roofing boards, and wood shingles, Sunset Park, Manhattan, Kans 12. Wood paneling is pleasing and popular in public buildings as well as in the home.. 13. Typical use of lumber and plywood for concrete forms.. 14. Use of paper tube forms for concrete columns on Milwaukee, Wis., expressway.. Figure No. 15. Installation of fiberboard roof deck that provides finished ceiling, Page thermal insulation, vapor barrier, and structural deck... 16. Use of treated timber poles for transmission tower structures in Indiana_... 17. Hurricane-proof sunshades of laminated wood at Cape Hatteras 18. Laminated wood arches provide large, unobstructed spans. These 21. Highway bridge in Pacific Northwest utilizing wood deck and lami- 25. Sandwich construction in a large hotel at Denver, Colo. The wall 27. Coney Island's famous Steeplechase Pier in New York City after it 28. Wood treated to minimize swelling and shrinking finds use in large constructed near Pittsfield, Mass., from glued laminated preserva- 31. Roof structure of prefabricated space planes of %-inch-thick plywood 17 20 23 28 29 29 29 30 32 32 34 37 38 39 44 48 THE ROLE OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS IN PUBLIC WORKS INTRODUCTION Wood is one of our most significant natural resources. It is significant not only in the myriad of uses for wood and wood products, but in the fact that it is renewable; thus, wise forest management and continued research to improve its utilization are essential if we are to have an adequate supply. Wood performs well in many functions and rightfully deserves its high place in our economy. WOOD USE TODAY The Forest Service report "Timber Resources for America's Future" showed that the United States used more than 12 billion cubic feet of wood annually in 1952. Of this, somewhat more than half (or about 41 billion board feet) went into lumber. Some 70 percent of the lumber went into construction and maintenance of structures. Beyond this, of course, large quantities of round wood products, plywood, and fiber products are used annually in construction. Available figures give little basis for estimating the amount of these materials that went into public works, but it was unquestionably large. As research provides technological advances, the quantities used in public works will steadily increase. We are therefore dealing with a material in large-scale use and one suitable for a wide range of applications in public works. The use of wood in residences and other light-frame construction is thoroughly familiar to all and probably needs no discussion. Laminated wood in the form of columns, beams, and arches is a prime and economical material for warehouses, aircraft hangars, and other large buildings, Wood piles provide the foundations for bridges, buildings, and waterfront structures. Wood poles support thousands of miles of electrical and telephone transmission lines. Plywood finds wide use in both structural and decorative roles in many buildings as well as in concrete forms and built-up structural members. Fiberboard and hardboard provide sheathing for buildings, house siding, and acoustical tile. Large quantities of paper in a variety of forms-building paper, roofing felt, lumber and plywood overlays, to name a few-are used in construction annually. In addition, tremendous quantities of paper are required for the plans and specifications for large public works projects such as dams or large buildings. Chemical products from wood in the form of paint and varnish ingredients, wood preservatives, sheet plastics, and explosives also play an important part in public works. Many other uses could be cited, but this will be reserved for a later section of the report. |