leges capital outlay of $13.15 million which suggests that the figure of $4,050 per student may be useful. Assuming a total enrollment of 2,500 full time equivalent students the cost at $4,050 per student would come to $10.1 million. $10.1 million represents about 85% of the previously estimated cost of $11.8 million for the proposed college. In other words, the estimate of $11.8 million would appear to allow $1.7 million, or roughly 15% of the estimate, for increases in construction costs since 1964-65. An allowance of $1.7 million for such increases may well be insufficient for this purpose, however, and should be examined closely in the light of local construction costs. We are advised informally that one architectural firm concerned with the planning of a private campus in this part of the country is proceeding on the assumption that construction costs alone currently amount to $27 per square foot while project costs as a whole-including costs of construction, equipment, fees, planning and administrative services-amount to as much as $45 per square foot. At this rate the college would cost almost $17 million. This estimate, which is based on an assumption that construction costs are properly no more than 60% of project costs for such facilities, appears to us to be conservative. The table below shows the ratio of equipment to investment costs for public liberal arts colleges in the years 1950-57 to be no higher than 16.6%. TABLE 1.-Ratio of investment 1 in equipment to that in buildings occupied initially during 1950-57 at public colleges and universities, by region and type of institution: United States 2 [Dollars are in thousands. Each "percent" represents the equipment investment divided by the building investment] 2 Includes matched figures only; that is, an investment figure for a building was used only when the figure for its equipment was also reported, and vice versa. B. THE COMMUNITY AND VOCATIONAL COLLEGE Assuming 4,000 full time equivalent students we estimate that the cost of constructing and equipping the proposed college could range from $12 million to $22 million. An allowance of 130 square feet per student used by Mr. McKee appears to be a reasonable figure. The figure varies a great deal in vocational schools according to the nature of the curriculum, extending from 100 square feet per student in certain laboratories to a figure as high as 200 square feet per student in certain advanced machine shops. Experience in administering the Higher Education Facilities Act suggests that a figure of 130 square feet per student is reasonable for community colleges, as compared to the figure of 150 square feet cited above for the college of arts and sciences. Project costs in this vicinity at current prices, inclusive of equipment fees and planning range from $22 to $25 a square foot. This figure assumes that equipment costs generally amount to about 33% percent of construction costs and 40 percent at the very most. (This percentage is based upon observations of 597 area vocational centers over the last two years.) It is possible, of course, that the cost of construction and fees could increase over the next few years to a level of $27 per square foot. In the light of the foregoing considerations, an optimistic calculation of costs might be 4,000 (FTE) X130 (square feet) A conservative estimate of costs would be $22=$11.4 million. Add 20 percent to achieve exceptional quality....... Total.... 1 Equipment. $13.0 5. 2 18. 2 3.6 21.8 [Enclosure 2] Operating costs of State University of New York community colleges, 1965–66 ASSOCIATION OF STATE COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES, WASHINGTON, D.C. Tuition and required fees, room rates, and board rates: 1965-66 at member institutions of the Association of State Colleges and Universities, by State [Figures shown are rates for the typical full-time undergraduate students, for 2 semesters, 2 trimesters, or 3 quarters. Where this year's figures represent an increase over last year's rate is shown in parentheses.] Dr. MUIRHEAD. Mr. Chairman, we did not receive your letter until yesterday, and we will be pleased to respond to the questions that you have raised. I think it is probably proper for me to suggest that what we can provide for you are estimates of comparable situations in the Nation. I think it would not be fair for us to say that this is the recommended cost for the District of Columbia college, but we can provide some yardsticks, if you will, that, perhaps, will be useful to you in the record of your committee. Mr. DowDY. I am wondering, in the testimony we have heard here, whether this proposed college of arts and sciences is a duplication of Howard University. Would it be a duplication of the publicly supported school? Do we want to make it possible to provide for more students; if so, why wouldn't it be more advisable to enlarge Howard University to take care of these additional students than to have an entirely new and separate setup, tax supported? Dr. MUIRHEAD. Well, I can respond again in terms of the recommendation of the President's Committee, a group of distinguished citizens who gave serious consideration to the problems of establish-ing both a community college and a 4-year college, and they did address themselves to this question as to whether or not it would be advisable to expand Howard University, whether or not it might be advisable to suggest to Howard University that this might be part of their mission. The Committee concluded that Howard University does have a very special mission. Howard University aspires to be an outstanding national university and has that mission and, possibly Mr. DOWDY. Congress established Howard University, and it did not say anything about a mission like that. It says in the charter act, that "there shall be established and is established in the District of Columbia a university for the eduation of youth in the liberal arts and sciences under the name, style, and title of the Howard Unisity." It does not say anything about being a national institution or the aspirations of it. It says in the law that establishes it what it is for. Dr. MUIRHEAD. That is quite correct, Mr. Chairman, but the uni-versity has grown in stature and has grown in its own achievements over the years, and it does now stand in place as a national university. I would suggest in a situation like this that it would be well for the committee to discuss this matter with the administration of Howard. University. Mr. DOWDY. I think it should be, because-in other words, if Congress established it, I wonder who determines the mission of the school. Would that not be done by the Congress? Now, in reading this report of this committee, the President's Committee on Higher Education in the District of Columbia, the statement is made therein that, as you mentioned, Howard University feels that its basic mission is national and, more recently, international. But, since Congress chartered the school, who else could determine its mission, and who gave it an international mission rather than, as Congress said, it should be a university for the education of the youth in the District of Columbia in the liberal arts and sciences? Dr. MUIRHEAD. I expect that Howard University, as any otherprivate university, would respond by saying that its mission in very |