subject to the conditions and limitations applicable to the appropriation for agricultural purposes under the SmithHughes Act, except that the requirement for six months of supervised practice does not apply. Home economics education under the Smith-Hughes Act is to be operated under conditions of the Act which apply to trade and industrial education.

(d) In addition to the general provisions for the expenditure of funds, §§ 102.65 to 102.69 apply to home economics education.

$ 102.65

Plan requirements for home economics education.

The State plan is to describe how the statutory provisions and the following essential characteristics of the program are to be met:

(a) The curriculum for both youth and adults is concerned with fundamental values and problems in the several aspects of home living and homemaking, and deals with these in such a way as to develop needed skills, understandings, attitudes, and appreciations.

(b) Problems studied are derived from the needs and concerns of individuals and families served, taking into consideration their maturity and experience.

(c) The total program is sufficiently intensive and extensive to enable the individual served to develop abilities necessary for effective participation in homemaking and in community activities affecting the home.

(d) The program includes a sufficient variety of experiences to give students actual learning experiences in all of the major phases of homemaking, including directed home and community experiences.

(e) Administrative relationships and arrangements, including provisions for space and equipment are of a kind that facilitate maximum development of the program.

(f) Supervision of home and community experience is provided.

(g) Continuous evaluation of the program is carried on and is used as a basis for changes in the program.

§ 102.66 In-school youth.

for a full unit of credit for other school subjects in the local school.

(b) Under the Smith-Hughes Act the specific time requirement that at least half of the time for instruction be given to practical work shall be met, except in cities under 25,000 population, in which case the time given to home economics may not be less than one-half of the time per week for which the school is in session.

§ 102.67 Out-of-school youth and adults. Funds may be used, under the acts, for programs for out-of-school youth and adults. See § 102.42 for activities of the teacher for which funds may be expended. See § 102.77 for the 144 hour requirement of the Smith-Hughes Act. § 102.68 Child development laboratory.

Funds may be used for a teacher in a child development laboratory or nursery school only when developed and maintained as an integral part of homemaking education for youth or adults, and only for the time the teacher devotes to directing the child development laboratory or nursery school while it is being used for the directed observation and participation of homemaking students and for work with other homemaking teachers. Standards for such programs. including the qualifications of child development laboratory teachers, are to be set forth in the State plan.

§ 102.69 Pre-service teacher education.

The State plan is to describe how the following standards are to be maintained in approving institutions for preservice teacher education in home economics.

(a) Cooperative relations are maintained between the State supervisory staff in home economics education and the institution.

(b) Directed teaching centers are selected by the representatives from the teacher training institution in cooperation with the State supervisory staff.

(c) The responsibility for the supervision of the student teaching rests with the home economics teacher education staff and the supervising teacher in the local school.

(d) Each home economics faculty member has the necessary background of training and the experience (at both the under-graduate and graduate levels) for teaching in the area to which she is assigned; the faculty as a whole is

adequate in number to give prospective teachers the preparation they need for teaching effectively the several areas of homemaking instruction.

(e) The facilities, including space, upto-date equipment, and library, are adequate for all areas of home economics and for teacher education.

(f) The undergraduate program provides basic general education and the technical and professional education needed for teaching home economics and flexibility in requirements to permit student choice in terms of individual needs and interests.

(g) Provision is made for supervised experiences to enable prospective teachers to function adequately with all age groups in the home, the school and community.

(h) Periodic evaluation of the teacher education program is made.

TRADE AND INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION

§ 102.70 Vocational education in trades and industries.

(a) Vocational education in trades and industries under the plan is designed for persons over 14 years of age who have entered upon or are preparing to enter upon the work of a trade or industrial pursuit. Among groups served are the following: Journeymen, technicians, and other industrial workers; apprentices and other learners; out-of-school youth and in-school youth. Instruction may also be provided for industrial supervisors and supervisory personnel representing both management and labor who may need training to assist in special phases of their work including: the training of workers; job organization and improvement; the development of skills, knowledge, and judgment; provisions for safety and safe working practices; and the study of Federal and State legislation affecting workers.

(b) In addition to the general conditions for the expenditure of funds §§ 102.71 to 102.82 apply to trade and industrial education.

(b) Other occupations which are usually considered technical and in which workers such as nurses, laboratory assistants, draftsmen, and technicians, are employed and which are not classified as agricultural, distribution and other business, professional or homemaking.

(c) Service occupations which are trade and industrial in nature.

§ 102.72 Trade and industrial subjects.

Instruction for trade and industrial pursuits for which funds may be used may include instruction in any subject which is planned to develop basic manipulative skills, safety practices, trade morale, and trade judgment and give technical knowledge or related industrial information essential to employment in a trade and industrial occupation.

§ 102.73

Plan requirement for trade and industrial education.

The State plan is required to describe how the requirements set forth in section 11 of the Smith-Hughes Act for trade and industrial education are to be met. § 102.74 Types of classes in trade and industrial education.

(a) Funds may be expended in trade and industrial education for day classes for those who are preparing for employment, and for part-time and evening classes for those who are employed in a trade or industrial pursuit, as provided in this part.

(b) An evening class is defined as a class conducted during the non-working hours of the enrollees. A part-time class is defined as a class conducted during the usual working hours of the enrollees.

(c) The following terminology is used in classfying the various types of parttime and day classes that have developed in trade and industrial education:

(1) Part-time extension classes. Parttime classes for workers who have left the full-time day school and are enrolled for instruction which is supplemental to their employment.

(2) Part-time cooperative classes. Part-time classes conducted for students who are still enrolled in day school and who, through a cooperative arrangement between the school and the employer, receive part-time instruction in the day school and receive on-the-job training through part-time employment in a

trade or industry. (See § 102.79 for the special provisions affecting this type of class.)

(3) Part-time general continuation classes. Part-time classes for workers who have left the full-time day school and are enrolled for instruction which is designed to increase their civic intelligence rather than to develop specific occupational competence.

(4) Day trade classes, Туре A. Classes for students who have not entered upon employment and are regularly enrolled in a full-time day school, where the related instruction is given as separate units outside the practical work in the shop or laboratory. (See § 102.80.) Same

(5) Day trade classes, Type B.

as Type A except that the related instruction is given by the shop or laboratory instructor as an integral part of the shop or laboratory work, rather than as separate units. (See § 102.80.)

(6) Day trade classes, Type C. Preemployment classes organized for persons over eighteen years of age or who are over fourteen and have left the full-time school. (See § 102.81.)

§ 102.75 Classes for apprentices.

(a) Funds may be used for training programs for apprentices. Special evening and part-time extension classes may be conducted for apprentices only, to provide technical and other related instruction which is supplemental to their training on the job. Apprentices may also enroll in evening and parttime extension classes established for other workers.

(b) The term "apprentice" as used for the purpose of reporting means a worker who is learning a recognized apprenticeable trade in accordance with an expressed, implied, or written apprentice training agreement that specifies a given length of planned work experience training through employment on the job, supplemented by appropriate related instruction.

(c) Apprentices are classified as follows:

(1) Registered. (i) Where the program or the apprentice or both are registered under the apprenticeship law of the State in which the apprentice is employed.

(ii) Where the program or the apprentice, or both, are registered by a State apprenticeship agency operating under

powers vested in it by legally responsible State authority.

(iii) Where the program or the apprentice, or both, are registered by the Bureau of Apprenticeship, U.S. Department of Labor, under "standards" or "fundamentals" approved by the Federal Committee on Apprenticeship. Such registration or recognition exists only where neither conditions in subdivision (i) nor subdivision (ii) of this subparagraph exist.

(2) Non-registered. Where the program or the apprentice, or both, is not registered under any of the three conditions in subparagraph (1) (i), (ii), and (iii) of this paragraph and the training of the apprentice is conducted under an implied or written agreement between the apprentice and an individual employer, a group of employers, a joint group of employers and employees, or a governmental agency.

§ 102.76 Evening classes.

(a) Evening classes may enroll only workers 16 years of age and over who are employed in a trade and industrial occupation. (See 102.46.) Instruction must be confined to that which is supplemental to the daily employment of those enrolled. To be considered supplemental to the daily employment, the instruction must be such as to increase the skill or knowledge of the worker in the trade or industrial occupation in which the person is employed.

(b) Evening classes that meet the foregoing requirements may be reimbursed from that portion of GeorgeBarden trade and industrial funds "which shall, if expended, be applied to part-time schools or classes" regardless of whether 144 hours of instruction per year is provided.

§ 102.77 Part-time classes-time requirements under the Smith-Hughes Act.

The Smith-Hughes Act requires that part-time schools or classes shall provide for not less than one hundred and forty-four hours of classroom instruction per year. This refers to the yearly educational opportunity which a community offers to an individual worker rather than the period of attendance required of any one person, or the period of employment of teachers. The requirement is satisfied when either of the following conditions is met during a period

of any twelve consecutive months or less:

(a) A class is organized and conducted for at least 144 hours.

(b) Two or more classes or a series of short units of instruction which total at least 144 hours are organized and conducted so the schedule of the meetings and the content of each of the units are such that an individual may enroll in the entire series with profit.

§ 102.78 Part-time classes-age of admission.

(a) Enrollment in classes under the Smith-Hughes Act is limited to workers over 14 years of age.

(b) Enrollment in part-time classes under the George-Barden Act is limited to workers 16 years of age of over.

(c) Part-time classes under either the Smith-Hughes or George-Barden Acts, may be conducted without upper age limit, except that part-time general continuation classes are limited to those under 18 years of age.

§ 102.79

Part-time cooperative classes. The following provisions apply to the use of funds under the plan for part-time cooperative classes (as defined § 102.74):

in

(a) The class must be organized through voluntary cooperative agreements (preferably in writing) between the school and employers, which provide for legal employment of the students, an organized program of training on the job, and supplemental vocational instruction in school.

(b) The class must be composed entirely of persons meeting the minimum age requirement who are enrolled in a day school and legally employed in a trade or industrial pursuit. Those enrolled must have trade and industrial objectives in line with their employment on the job. Such persons enrolled in part-time cooperative classes are called "student-learners". The class may be composed of student-learners all employed in the same, or in different trade or industrial occupations. However, an individual student-learner may be employed and receive training in only one such occupation.

(c) For a student to be considered legally employed for the purpose of this section, his employment must be in conformity with Federal, State, and local employment laws and regulations.

When employment is in establishments engaged in interstate commerce or in the production of goods for interstate commerce, such employment must be at least at the legal minimum wage, except where authorization is granted by the appropriate Regional Office of the Wage and Hour and Public Contracts Divisions by certificate for employment at a special minimum wage. In some occupations declared to be hazardous by the U.S. Department of Labor, student-learners must be 18 years of age unless exemption is secured by appeal to the Secretary, U.S. Department of Labor. Studentlearners in any case must receive a monetary wage at a rate commensurate with wages paid other employees doing similar work.

(d) Provision must be made for adequate coordination and supervision of the program, and sufficient time must be provided for a coordinator to visit employers and student-learners on the job.

(e) State plans are to provide that the student-learners be employed for an average of not less than 15 hours per week during the school year, the major portion of such employment to be during the normal day school hours. This precludes a student attending school fulltime and meeting the requirement for employment outside the normal day school hours.

(f) In a program covering two school years, an average of at least one regular class period a day must be devoted to related vocational instruction in classes limited to the cooperative group. In a program covering only one school year, an average of at least two regular class periods a day must be devoted to related vocational subjects in classes limited to the group. Sectional cooperative classes meeting these requirements are permitted as provided in § 102.47.

§ 102.80 Day trade classes-Types A and B.

The following provisions apply to the use of funds under the plan for day trade courses, Types A and B (as defined in § 102.74):

(a) The instruction is to extend over not less than nine months per year and not less than thirty hours per week except that for towns of less than 25,000 population the State board, with the approval of the Commissioner, may modify the conditions as to length of

course and hours of instruction per week.

(b) At least one half of the time of the instruction must be given to work on a useful or productive basis. Instruction in practical work is considered to be "on a useful or productive basis" when it consists of organized, systematic training in the processes, operations, and principles involved which are selected with regard to the suitability, quality, quantity and production methods customarily observed in trade, industrial and vocational technical pursuits for which the training is being given.

(c) The instruction in related subjects for which funds are used must have direct functioning value in the trade or occupation for which training is being given. Related subjects courses are in addition to and an extension of the instruction given in the shop. Related subjects may be taught by the shop instructor. When other than shop instructors are utilized, the State plan shall specify qualifications which assure that such instructors have sufficient experience in and knowledge of the occupation to teach such specific subjects effectively. § 102.81 Day trade classes-Type C.

Under the George-Barden Act, Type C Classes (as defined in § 102.74) may be organized for persons over 18 years of age or those who have legally left the full time school. Such clases may be operated for less than 9 months per year, for less than 30 hours per week and without the requirement that a minimum of 50 percent of the school time must be given to shop work on a useful or productive basis. This is a special type of day

pre-employment trade training which may be provided irrespective of whether or not the persons enrolled are employed. Such training may be offered for any length of time.

§ 102.82 Special standards and safeguards for training in industrial plants.

No part of the funds spent under the plan may be expended in industrial-plant training programs except such industrial-plant training be bona fide vocational training and not a device to utilize the services of vocational trainees for private profit. Use of funds for industrial-plant training is justified when the school system cannot otherwise provide adequate equipment and supplies and such are available in an industrial

(a) Under the George-Barden Act special funds have been authorized for training in the trade and industrial and distributive occupations in the fishing industry. Programs in the trade and industrial aspects of the industry are governed by the conditions applicable to other trade and industrial programs.

(b) Programs in the distributive education aspects of the industry are governed by the conditions applicable to other distributive education programs. VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE

§ 102.84 Vocational guidance.

(a) Funds may be used under the George-Barden Act for programs of vocational guidance. The purpose of the vocational guidance program is to provide individuals with the information needed and to develop understandings necessary to make wise decisions in matters affecting vocational choices and adjustments.

(b) Funds may be expended to provide the following services:

(1) The maintenance of a program of supervision in vocational guidance.

(2) The maintenance of a program of training for vocational counselors in classes composed of: persons enrolled in a program which will qualify them as vocational counselors; persons enrolled in a program which will qualify them as vocational teachers; teachers, supervisors, or directors of vocational education; or vocational counselors and vocational guidance supervisors.

(3) The maintenance of a program of vocational counseling on the secondary and adult levels.

(4) The production and publication of occupational information for use of vocational teachers and counselors. § 102.85 State plan provisions.

(a) In developing a State plan for vocational guidance, it is necessary that the State first make adequate provision for State supervision and for the training of vocational counselors, with the re