SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ACT OF 1958

ANALYSIS AND SUMMARY

PREPARED BY THE STAFF

AND SUBMITTED TO THE

SENATE COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT

OPERATIONS

ON

S. 3126

A BILL TO CREATE A DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY; (TO CREATE STANDING COMMITTEES
ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE CONGRESS);
TO ESTABLISH NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF SCIEN-
TIFIC RESEARCH; TO AUTHORIZE A PROGRAM OF
FEDERAL LOANS AND LOAN INSURANCE FOR
COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY EDUCATION IN THE
PHYSICAL OR BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, MATHEMATICS,
OR ENGINEERING; TO AUTHORIZE THE ESTABLISH-
MENT OF SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMS OUTSIDE OF THE
UNITED STATES; AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

ENGINEERING LIBR

COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS

JOHN L. MCCLELLAN, Arkansas, Chairman

HENRY M. JACKSON, Washington
STUART SYMINGTON, Missouri
SAM J. ERVIN, JR., North Carolina
HUBERT H. HUMPHREY, Minnesota
STROM THURMOND, South Carolina
FRANK J. LAUSCHE, Ohio

KARL E. MUNDT, South Dakota
MARGARET CHASE SMITH, Maine
THOMAS E. MARTIN, Iowa

CARL T. CURTIS, Nebraska

CHAPMAN REVERCOMB, West Virginia
HOMER E. CAPEHART, Indiana

WALTER L. REYNOLDS, Chief Clerk and Staff Director
GLENN K. SHRIVER, Professional Staff Member
ELI E. NOBLEMAN, Professional Staff Member
MILES SCULL, JR., Professional Staff Member
W. E. O'BRIEN, Professional Staff Member

SENATE RESOLUTION No. 292

(Submitted by Mr. McClellan)

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES,

April 23, 1958.

Resolved, That the staff study entitled "Science and Technology Act of 1958" (S. 3126), prepared for the Committee on Government Operations, be printed as a Senate document, and that five thousand additional copies be printed for the use of that committee.

Attest:

FELTON M. JOHNSTON, Secretary.

II

IX

XI

1

1224++++

Letter of transmittal_.

Letter from the staff director to the chairman of the Committee on

Government Operations--

Life magazine: Extract from editorial, March 10, 1958-.

PART I. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ACT OF 1958

Staff Memorandum 85–2–6_ - .

Analysis of provisions of S. 3126, the Science and Technology Act of

1958; Points at Issue; and proposed amendments__

Title I. Department of Science and Technology.

Objective_-_

National Science Foundation: Transfer of

Objective---

Transfers from the Department of Commerce_

The Patent Office__.

Objective_-_

O'Mahoney, Hon. Joseph C., United States Senator from

the State of Wyoming: Statement of..

Miscellaneous provisions_.

Other proposed transfers to the Department of Science and Tech-

nology.

National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics_

Department of Defense____

Kolthoff, Dr. I. M., head of the school of chemistry, Insti-

tute of Technology, University of Minnesota: Extract of

letter.

12

Mansfield, Hon. Mike, United States Senator from the State

of Montana: Statement of__

12

Other science activities__

12

Areas of controversy re the creation of a Department of Science and

Technology.

Benton, Hon. William, formerly a United States Senator from

Connecticut: Statement at Yale University--

Brode, Dr. Wallace R., president of the American Association for

the Advancement of Science-

Additional statements, remarks, etc.

2 22 3 = 288

13

14

20

29, 32, 46, 53, 83, 131-138

Cabot, Charles C., Jr.: Extract of letter to chairman__

Fisher, Dr. Harvey I., chairman, department of zoology, Southern

Illinois University: Extract of letter to chairman_.

Honey, John C., executive associate, Carnegie Corporation of

New York: Comments on provisions of S. 3126..

Additional statements_

14

17, 18

39, 75, 99

Teeple, David Shea: Remarks re political responsibility over

science.

Teller, Dr. Edward: Remarks on TV program re role of scientists

in America's future_

Walkowicz, Dr. T. F., extract from article entitled “Survival in
an Age of Technological Contest”.

Summation..

17

656

23

Title I. Department of Science and Technology-Continued

Areas of controversy re proposed transfer of the National Science Page

Foundation to the Department of Science and Technology -

Truman, President Harry S., extracts of veto message dated Au-

gust 6, 1947, re proposed National Science Foundation........

Areas of controversy re proposed transfers from the Department of

Commerce..

Brode, Dr. Wallace R.: Extract of testimony.

Crane, E. J., director and editor of the Chemical Abstracts

Service: Extract of letter to committee_

Hughes, Dr. Donald J., et al, comments made before the sub-

committee of the House_

Jacolev, Dr. Leon, technical director, Associated Technical

Services, Inc.: Extract of letter to chairman_.

Shera, Dr. Jesse H., dean of Western Reserve University:

Extract of letter to committee_

Committees on Science and Technology -

Objective_-_-

Extract of House Report No. 373, 85th Congress.

23, 24

25

29

27

32

30

33

34

35

44, 47,

39

40

Killian, Dr. James R., Jr., Special Science Assistant to the President:

Comments re Outlook for Science in America_

Additional statements, remarks, etc..

Lear, John, science editor of the Saturday Review: Extract of letter

to committee.

Pickering, Dr. William, director, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California

Institute of Technology: Remarks re program for outer space___

Title II. National Institutes of Scientific Research..

Objective_..-.

Related questions.

Refresher training for Federal science executives__

National Science University.

45

Academy of Science....

Facilities for training graduate scientists..

Berkner, Dr. L. V., president, Associated Universities, Inc.: Remarks

before the Executive and Legislative Reorganization Subcom-

mittee of the House Committee on Government Operations,

January 28, 1958-

43

Brode, Dr. Wallace R..

Bunting, Earl, former president, National Association of Manu-

facturers: Extract of speech__-.

42

Killian, Dr. James R., Jr.: Extract from speeches at MIT and Yale

University.

Dulles, Allen W., director, Central Intelligence Agency: Extract of

speech delivered at Yale University.

48

55

54

Eisenhower, President Dwight D.: Extract of state of the Union

message, January 9, 1958, re scientific cooperation with our allies___

Hughes, Dr. Donald J.

55

55

Humphrey, Hon. Hubert H., United States Senator from the State

of Minnesota: Extract of speech delivered in Senate, February 19,

1958---

Proposed amendments to S. 3126_.

52, 53

56

46

48

51

52

STAFF DRAFT OF PROPOSED SUBSTITUTE FOR S. 3126

Title I-Department of Science and Technology.

Title II-Senate and House Standing Committees on Science and Tech-

nology.

59

Part I-Changes in rules of Senate and House_-

Part II-Amendments to Atomic Energy Act of 1954.

Title III-National Institutes of Scientific Research_.

Title IV-Educational loans_.

Title V-Overseas programs _

APPENDIX A

The Federal science program_

National Science Foundation_.

Organization of the Federal Government for scientific activities,

1956..

Trends in the employment and training of scientists and engi-

neers, 1956___.

Federal funds for science. VI. The Federal research and devel-

opment budget, fiscal years 1956-58_

Basic research-A national resource, 1957.

Honey, John C., former study director for governmental research,

National Science Foundation: Extracts from article on Federal

Government organization and programs for research and develop-

ment-An Overview, Federal Bar Journal, July-September 1957-

New York Times magazine article entitled "If We Are To Catch Up in

Science," by John R. Dunning, November 10, 1957---

New York Times editorial: Science and Congress, February 28, 1958__

Scientific definitions__

APPENDIX B

APPENDIX C

Brief legislative history of the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy--

PART II.-SUPPORTING MATERIAL

SECTION 1.-The idea of a National Department of Science

Contents..

85

87

Bush, Dr. Vannevar: Opinions, remarks, statements, etc_
Dupree, A. Hunter: Science in the Federal Government_.
Hobson, Dr. Jesse E.: Remarks.

90-92

89, 100-103

95

Honey, John C.: Extract from Federal Bar Journal_

99

Luce, Clare Boothe: A bill to create a Department of Science and
Research, H. R. 5332, 79th Congress..

93, 168

Piore, E. R.: Statement__

97

Price, Don K.: Remarks.

98

Steelman, Dr. John R.: Extract of report..

96

SECTION 2.-The National Academy of Sciences-National Research

Council

107

Contents

109

Bache, Alexander Dallas: Need for national science academy

voiced in 1851, by..

SECTION 4. The Department of Scientific and Industrial Research in the

United Kingdom_

139

Contents

141

SECTION 5.-Analysis of legislation related to improvement of scientific

study, teaching, and progress in the United States--

149

Contents

151

ADDENDA

Memorandum from Western Reserve University outlining a program for
the coordination of scientific and technical information_

Memorandum from Documentation, Inc., information relating to the

establishment of a proposed central agency for indexing, collating, and

disseminating scientific and technical information...

Other programs for the assembling and distribution of scientific data..

Comments on committee print of March 26, 1958..

ORGANIZATIONS

Agricultural Research Service_

American Association for the Advancement of Science__.

American Chemical Society. -

American Institute of Biological Sciences.

178

188

190

190

12, 29, 34

20, 32, 46, 110

30

32