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Encroachments.-The action taken against parties encroaching on the river has had the effect of restraining further encroachments to a very considerable extent. All parties reported as encroaching have been ordered to desist when it was proved that they were so doing. The amount expended on this project to the end of the last fiscal year was $178,377.85.

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Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30,1895 25,000.00 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867 and of sundry civil act of March 3, 1893. (See Appendix F F 10.)

11. Dam at Herr Island, Allegheny River, near Pittsburg, Pa.-The object of this dam is to begin a system of slack-water navigation and enlarge the harbor room at Pittsburg to the extent of the pool formed by the dam. The original project was for a fixed dam, but, in compliance with the request of the authorities of Pittsburg and Allegheny City, the Secretary of War has ordered that the dam at Herr Island be made a movable one. Much delay was caused by suits brought by the riparian owners, but by a change of location, so that the lock was placed out from the bank, the rights of the riparian owners were preserved, and their opposition was withdrawn. The land necessary for the lock and dam has been acquired, and all legal questions as to damages to adjoining property settled. Observations of the current and water levels at site of dam have been taken, and borings made for the purpose of determining the character of the river bed. Preparations have been also made for the construction of the cofferdam for the lock.

The amount expended on this work to June 30, 1892, was $39,208.25.

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Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project. 484,500.00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1895 200,000.00 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867 and of sundry civil act of March 3, 1893. (See Appendix F F 11.)

12. Ice harbor at mouth of Muskingum River, Ohio.-The object of this work was to furnish a place of refuge for Ohio River craft during ice floods. The project was the construction of a large lock through Dam No. 1, Muskingum River, to permit Ohio River vessels to pass into the pool. There has been expended thereon, up to the close of the

fiscal year ending June 30, 1892, $327,930.29. The lock is now practically completed, with the exception of the machinery for operating the gates, and a small amount of masonry required to finish the lock walls. The lock can not be made available for the larger class of steamboats that usually navigate the Ohio and Muskingum rivers until the bridge of the Baltimore and Ohio Southwestern Railroad Company, just below it, has been changed. No steps have been taken by the railroad company to make the required alterations.

July 1, 1892, balance unexpended.

June 30, 1893, amount expended during fiscal year....

July 1, 1893, balance unexpended

$50.78 10. 10

40.68

Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1895 10,000.00 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867 and of sundry civil act of March 3, 1893. (See Appendix F F 12.)

13. Muskingum River, Ohio.-This report is limited to work carried on under the appropriation of $102,000, by act of August 11, 1888, for the construction of a lock at Taylorsville and the reconstruction of the lock at Zanesville, Ohio. During the fiscal year a survey of the river was made, covering a distance of 4,400 feet, between the head of the canal at Zanesville and a point 500 feet above the old lock, to obtain information as to the best plan for the reconstruction of the lock at this point. The lock at Taylorsville is now practically completed with the exception of the machinery for operating the gates, but this lock can not be made available until a draw is placed in the county bridge, just below it. The commissioners of Muskingum County, to whom the bridge belongs, were ordered to change it, but thus far have not done so. The amount expended on this work up to the close of the fiscal year ending June 30, 1892, was $86,666.02.

July 1 1892, balance unexpended.

June 30, 1893, amount expended during fiscal year..

July 1, 1893, balance unexpended.

(See Appendix F F 13.)

$15, 517.98

1,763. 41

13, 754.57

14. Operating and care of locks and dams on Muskingum River, Ohio.— As originally improved by the State of Ohio, 11 dams and 12 locks were built on the Muskingum River, furnishing continuous navigation for 91 miles from the Ohio River at Marietta to Dresden, where a connection was made with the Ohio Canal near its middle point, this canal extending from the Ohio River, at Portsmouth, to Lake Erie, at Cleveland. The work cost the State of Ohio about $1,500,000. The lock and dam above Zanesville is now in a state of ruin, but the 75 miles of slack water between the Ohio River and Zanesville has always been maintained. On this piece of river there are 10 dams, 11 locks, and 5 lateral canals, with a total length of 33 miles. The repairs to locks and dams contemplated in the project for fiscal year have been completed, and necessary incidental work done. Through navigation was suspended by reason of ice and excessive floods for a period of forty-five days. The failure of part of the old dam at Stockport (No. 6) rendered the lock useless until a coffer could be placed around the break, which, after many delays, was accomplished. The improved condition of the river was very noticeable during the low water of 1892, when a 6-foot stage was maintained in the river at a time when navigation was practically suspended on the Ohio River for want of sufficient water to per

mit boats to run. The bridges at Taylorsville and Marietta still constitute great obstructions to navigation on the Muskingum River, the first-named preventing the use of the new lock at Taylorsville, and the latter preventing the larger class of boats from entering the lock and ice harbor at Marietta, and causing much inconvenience and danger to smaller boats. The United States dredge and towboat have been usefully employed during the year in various operations for the maintenance of good channels.

The cost of operating and care of these works during the year was $44,251.10.

(See Appendix F F 14.)

EXAMINATIONS MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH RIVER AND HARBOR ACT APPROVED JULY 13, 1892.

The preliminary examinations of the following localities, required by act of July 13, 1892, were made by the local engineer, Lieut. Col. Amos Stickney, Corps of Engineers, and reports thereon submitted through the division engineer, Col. O. M. Poe, Corps of Engineers.

1. Ohio River at or near Elizabethtown, Ill.-Lieut. Col. Stickney submitted report of examination under date of August 31, 1892. It is his opinion and that of the division engineer, concurred in by this office, that the Ohio River at this point is worthy of improvement by the General Government, provided the cost is not unreasonable. The cost of a survey necessary for preparation of project and estimate of cost of improvement is estimated at $600. The report was transmitted to Congress and printed as House Ex. Doc. No. 111, Fifty-second Congress, second session. (See also Appendix FF 15.)

2. Harbor at Evansville, Ind.-Lieut. Col. Stickney submitted report of examination under date of August 31, 1892. It is his opinion and that of the division engineer, concurred in by this office, that the locality is worthy of improvement by the General Government. The cost of a survey necessary for preparation of project and estimate of cost of improvement is estimated at $300. The report was transmitted to Congress and printed as House Ex. Doc. No. 115, Fifty-second Congress, second session. (See also Appendix F F 16.)

3. Ohio River between the cities of Ludlow and Covington, in Kentucky, and Cincinnati, Ohio, from the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Bridge to the Cincinnati Southern Railway Bridge, to prevent washing and damage to banks on Kentucky shore.-Lieut. Col. Stickney submitted report of examination under date of December 19, 1892. It is his opinion and that of the division engineer, concurred in by this office, that the locality is not worthy of improvement by the General Government. The report was transmitted to Congress and printed as House Ex. Doc. No. 157, Fifty-second Congress, second session. (See also Appendix F F 17.)

4. Little Miami River, Ohio, with the view of affording an ice harbor.— Lieut. Col. Stickney submitted report of examination under date of October 18, 1892. It is his opinion and that of the division engineer, concurred in by this office, that the locality is not worthy of improvement by the General Government for the purpose named. The report was transmitted to Congress and printed as House Ex. Doc. No. 68, Fifty-second Congress, second session. (See also Appendix F F 18.)

5. Ohio River between Ironton, Ohio, and 3 miles along and up the Ohio east of the mouth of Guyan River, West Virginia.-Lieut. Col. Stickney

submitted report of examination under date of September 3, 1892. It is his opinion and that of the division engineer, concurred in by this office, that the locality is worthy of such improvement by the General Government as can be made at reasonable cost. The cost of a survey necessary for preparation of project and estimate of cost of improvement is estimated at $2,500. The report was transmitted to Congress and printed as House Ex. Doc. No. 121, Fifty-second Congress, second session. (See also Appendix F F 19.)

6. Raccoon River, Ohio, from its junction with the Ohio River for 50 miles of said Raccoon River.-Lieut. Col. Stickney submitted report of examination under date of September 2, 1892. It is his opinion and that of the division engineer, concurred in by this office, that the river is not worthy of improvement by the General Government. The report was transmitted to Congress and printed as House Ex. Doc. No. 116, Fifty-second Congress, second session. (See also Appendix F F 20.)

7. Location of the necessary number of movable dams and locks on the Ohio River between Davis Island Dam and the dams at or near the mouth of the Beaver River, in Pennsylvania.-Lieut. Col. Stickney submitted report of examination under date of October 4, 1892. It is his opinion and that of the division engineer, concurred in by this office, that this portion of Ohio River is worthy of improvement by the General Government. Col. Stickney estimates the cost of surveys necessary for preparation of project and estimate of cost of improvement at $2,800. The report was transmitted to Congress and printed as House Ex. Doc. No. 45, Fifty-second Congress, second session. (See also Appendix F F 21.)

8. For lock and dam at the most practicable point for navigation on Allegheny River between the (proposed) dam at Tarentum and Herr Island Dam, Pennsylvania.-Lieut. Col. Stickney submitted report of examination under date of October 3, 1892. It is his opinion and that of the division engineer, concurred in by this office, that the Allegheny River within the limits mentioned is worthy of improvement by the General Government. Lieut. Col. Stickney estimates the cost of surveys necessary for preparation of project and estimate of cost of improvement at $2,000. The report was transmitted to Congress and printed as House Ex. Doc. No. 87, Fifty-second Congress, second session. (See also Appendix F F 22.)

9. For lock and dam on Allegheny River at or near Tarentum, Pa.— Lient. Col. Stickney submitted report of examination under date of October 3, 1892. It is his opinion and that of the division engineer, concurred in by this office, that the river at this point is worthy of improvement by the General Government in the manner proposed. The cost of a survey necessary for preparation of project and estimate of cost of improvement is estimated at $500. The report was transmitted to Congress and printed as House Ex. Doc. No. 37, Fifty-second Congress, second session. (See also Appendix F F 23.)

10. Allegheny River from Olean, N. Y., to Warren, Pa.-Lieut. Col. Stickney submitted report of examination under date of September 30, 1892. It is his opinion and that of the division engineer, concurred in by this office, that within the limits named the river is not worthy of improvement by the General Government. The report was transmitted to Congress and printed as House Ex. Doc. No. 61, Fifty-second Congress, second session. (See also Appendix F F 24.)

EXAMINATION MADE IN COMPLIANCE WITH SUNDRY CIVIL ACT APPROVED MARCH 3, 1893.

The sundry civil act approved March 3, 1893, required an examination and survey to be made at mouth of Crawfish Creek, in the first ward, and mouth of Mill Creek, in the twenty-first ward, of Cincinnati, Ohio, as to availability of either or both of those localities for an ice harbor. Lieut. Col. Stickney has been charged with the duty of making this examination and survey, and the reports thereon will be submitted when received.

IMPROVEMENT OF FALLS OF OHIO RIVER, OF WABASH RIVER, INDIANA AND ILLINOIS, AND OF WHITE RIVER, INDIANA.

This district was in the charge of Lieut. Col. G. J. Lydecker, Corps of Engineers, with Lieut. Hiram M. Chittenden, Corps of Engineers, under his immediate orders since April 4, 1893.

1. Falls of the Ohio River, at Louisville, Ky.-The object of the improvements in progress is to afford increased facilities for passing the Falls of the Ohio, via the Louisville and Portland Canal, by enlargements at its upper end and immediately above the locks, so as to form capacious basins, or harbors, at these points. The work at the head of the canal is also associated with the improvement of the Indiana Chute, or the river channel over the falls which becomes a line of descending travel when the river rises to a height of about 10 feet on the upper canal gauge, and is the only route with the gauge reading 12.7 feet, or more, when the canal locks can not be operated.

The canal enlargement at the head was inaugurated in 1883, the original project being afterward modified to conform with the recommendations made by a board of engineers in its report of January 28, 1890. Under the approved project the width of canal-now 90 feetis to be made from 210 to 235 feet for a length of 2,400 feet, and east of this the enlarged canal will expand into a basin 800 feet wide by 2,200 feet long; the principal features of the work, as estimated, were 325,670 cubic yards of rock excavation and 270,000 cubic yards of earth excavation, the construction of about 5,200 linear feet of masonry wall and dams containing about 26,000 cubic yards, and the removal of 6,200 linear feet of old canal wall, dikes, and timber dams. The work done to June 30, 1893, comprised 174,245.03 cubic yards rock, 212,019.31 cubic yards earth excavation, and 13,678.83 cubic yards of masonry in new canal wall, of which 13,362.63 cubic yards rock and 34,486.50 cubie yards earth were excavated and 3,371.27 cubic yards of masonry laid during the fiscal year ending on that date.

The enlargement above the locks was begun in 1887 with the object of constructing a basin 1,500 feet long and 250 feet wide, where boats can tie up and tows be properly formed before or after passing the locks without obstructing navigation through the canal. The work is nearly completed, the results accomplished to June 30, 1893, being 17,744.60 cubic yards rock and 141,593 cubic yards earth excavation and 5,807 cubic yards masonry laid in new wall.

The total expenditure on these improvements to June 30, 1893, was $716,951.17, of which $98,261.74 was expended in the fiscal year ending on that date.

Special attention is invited to the fact that these improvements have been in progress, under small appropriations for the work to be done, since 1883, and no benefit whatever has yet been secured to commerce, because of their unfinished state. Further, the work is of such a character that small appropriations must increase the ultimate cost in a

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