Tourism and Climate Change: Risks and Opportunities

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Multilingual Matters, 2007 M08 17 - 226 pages

This book discusses the tourism-climate system and provides a sound basis for those interested in tourism management and climate change mitigation, adaptation and policy. In the first three chapters, the book provides a general overview of the relationships between tourism and climate change and illustrates the complexity in four case studies that are relevant to the wide audience of tourism stakeholders. In the following seven chapters detailed discussion of the tourism and climate systems, greenhouse gas accounting for tourism, mitigation, climate risk management and comprehensive tourism-climate policies are provided. This book compiles and critically analyses the latest knowledge in this field of research and seeks to make it accessible to tourism practitioners and other stakeholders involved in tourism or climate change.

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Contents

Introduction
1
Illustrative Material
8
Tables
21
ADB Asian Development Bank
28
Case Studies of the TourismÁClimate System
35
forcing WmÁ2 from subsonic aircraft emissions in 1992
75
GEF Global Environment Facility
79
An Overview of Tourism
83
European MUSST Project
188
East Japan Railway Company
192
Bad HofgasteinWerfenweng Austria
201
Hong Kong Disneyland
212
Tortoise Head Guest House Australia
216
Carbon offsets and air travel
219
Climate Changerelated Risks and Adaptation
223
Adaptation for coastal tourism
230

Hypermobility Á highfrequency longdistance travellers
108
Are tourists sensitive to GHG emissions?
111
Global and Regional Climate Change
116
CH4 and NOx
118
Recent changes in the observed climate
121
Extreme climatic events in the European Alps
123
Storylines for tourism based on the IPCC Scenarios
129
El Nino and tourism
137
days with high daily maximum Physiological Equivalent
139
Methodologies for Greenhouse Gas Accounting
144
Basic information needed for energy and GHG accounting
147
Climate Change Mitigation Measures
173
Auckland International Airport
186
Climate change and wine tourism
240
Using climate models to assess tourism destinations competitiveness
247
Climate change and the ski industry
258
Climate Change Policies and Practices for Tourism
261
GWP global warming potential
263
Kyoto mechanisms for mitigation
269
Integrating adaptation and mitigation
284
Methods to support participatory planning
290
Conclusion
301
Text Boxes
306
IHEI Hotels Environment Initiative
314
Copyright

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About the author (2007)

Dr. Susanne Becken is a Principal Research Officer at Lincoln University in the field of Sustainable Tourism. Until recently she was a Research Leader with Landcare Research, New Zealand, where most of this book has been written. Susanne led a government-funded project on travel behaviour and greenhouse gas emissions from international tourists. She has also completed a range of consultancy work in the areas of energy efficiency, climate change, and relating policies. At present Susanne is the lead consultant in a UNWTO project on climate change and tourism in Fiji. She is a member of the editorial board of the Journal of Sustainable Tourism and acts as a contributing author to the 4th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; she also represents Oceania/Southeast Asia on the WMO expert team on climate and tourism. Prof. John Hay has nearly forty years work experience in academia, the private sector and governmental organisations, with a focus on bringing an interdisciplinary approach to the environmental sciences, to technical and policy-relevant assessments and to professional training in environmental science, engineering, technology, law, policy and management. John has extensive international experience as a climate scientist, including acting as lead author in the latest three assessments conducted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Currently John works as a consultant and advisor to many national governments and regional and international organizations, including the United Nations Development Programme, the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank and the United Nations Environment Programme. John is also the lead consultant in a UNWTO project on climate change and tourism in the Maldives.

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