Climate Change and Human Health: Risks and ResponsesAnthony J. McMichael World Health Organization, 2003 - 322 pages Over the ages, human societies have altered local ecosystems and modified regional climates. Today, the human influence has attained a global scale. This reflects the recent rapid increase in population size, energy consumption, intensity of land use, international trade and travel, and other human activities. These global changes have heightened awareness that the long-term good health of populations depends on the continued stability and functioning of the biosphere's ecological, physical, and socioeconomic systems. The world's climate system is an integral part of the complex of life-supporting processes. Climate and weather have always had a powerful impact on human health and well-being. But like other large natural systems, the global climate system is coming under pressure from human activities. Global climate change is, therefore, a newer challenge to ongoing efforts to protect human health. This volume seeks to describe the context and process of global climate change, its actual or likely impacts on health, and how human societies and their governments should respond, with particular focus on the health sector. |
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... Outcomes to be assessed 139 Methods for estimating risk factor - disease relationships 140 Specific health impacts 141 Direct physiological effects of heat and cold on cardiovascular mortality 141 Diarrhoeal disease 143 Malnutrition 145 ...
... Outcomes to be assessed 139 Methods for estimating risk factor - disease relationships 140 Specific health impacts 141 Direct physiological effects of heat and cold on cardiovascular mortality 141 Diarrhoeal disease 143 Malnutrition 145 ...
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... outcome . In practice , it is proving difficult to find a politically acceptable course of action - often because of apprehensions about possible short - term economic consequences . This volume seeks to describe the context and process ...
... outcome . In practice , it is proving difficult to find a politically acceptable course of action - often because of apprehensions about possible short - term economic consequences . This volume seeks to describe the context and process ...
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... outcomes . However , the time at which any such health impacts of climate change first become detectable par- ticularly depends upon , firstly , the sensitivity of response ( how steep is the rate of increase ) and , secondly , whether ...
... outcomes . However , the time at which any such health impacts of climate change first become detectable par- ticularly depends upon , firstly , the sensitivity of response ( how steep is the rate of increase ) and , secondly , whether ...
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... outcomes in relation to defined climate scenarios of change . The exposures of interest in these studies may lie on different portions of the weather / climate spectrum . This chapter provides basic information to understand weather ...
... outcomes in relation to defined climate scenarios of change . The exposures of interest in these studies may lie on different portions of the weather / climate spectrum . This chapter provides basic information to understand weather ...
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... outcomes . Much of the summary climate change information provided below is based on results from climate models that used the SRES scenarios . Anthropogenic climate change Several key questions are asked about climate change : was ...
... outcomes . Much of the summary climate change information provided below is based on results from climate models that used the SRES scenarios . Anthropogenic climate change Several key questions are asked about climate change : was ...
Common terms and phrases
adaptive capacity air pollution analysis areas associated atmosphere cause cholera climate system climate variability coral bleaching deaths decision-makers dengue dengue fever developing countries diarrhoeal disease disasters distribution drought ecological economic ecosystems effects of climate El Niño emissions ENSO environment Environmental Health epidemics Epidemiology estimates extreme floods future climate global climate change greenhouse gases health effects health impact assessment health outcomes heatwave human health impacts of climate important increase infectious diseases Intergovernmental Panel IPCC Journal Lyme disease malaria measures meteorological monitoring mortality mosquito National Niño outbreaks ozone depletion Panel on Climate pathogen potential precipitation predict projected public health radiation rainfall range rates region relationships response result seasonal skin cancer solar specific stakeholders stratospheric stratospheric ozone temperature Third Assessment Report tion transmission trends tropical uncertainty UVR exposure variation vector vector-borne diseases vitamin D vulnerability weather World Health Organization