Climate Change and Human Health: Risks and ResponsesAnthony J. McMichael World Health Organization, 2003 - 322 pages Over the ages, human societies have altered local ecosystems and modified regional climates. Today, the human influence has attained a global scale. This reflects the recent rapid increase in population size, energy consumption, intensity of land use, international trade and travel, and other human activities. These global changes have heightened awareness that the long-term good health of populations depends on the continued stability and functioning of the biosphere's ecological, physical, and socioeconomic systems. The world's climate system is an integral part of the complex of life-supporting processes. Climate and weather have always had a powerful impact on human health and well-being. But like other large natural systems, the global climate system is coming under pressure from human activities. Global climate change is, therefore, a newer challenge to ongoing efforts to protect human health. This volume seeks to describe the context and process of global climate change, its actual or likely impacts on health, and how human societies and their governments should respond, with particular focus on the health sector. |
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Page v
... Methods for estimating exposure to climate change . 138 Outcomes to be assessed 139 Methods for estimating risk factor - disease relationships 140 Specific health impacts 141 Direct physiological effects of heat and cold on ...
... Methods for estimating exposure to climate change . 138 Outcomes to be assessed 139 Methods for estimating risk factor - disease relationships 140 Specific health impacts 141 Direct physiological effects of heat and cold on ...
Page vi
... methods Methods for climate - change impact assessments Review of national health assessments 182 183 185 Developed countries 187 Developing countries 190 Small island developing states 191 Recommendations for developing methods and ...
... methods Methods for climate - change impact assessments Review of national health assessments 182 183 185 Developed countries 187 Developing countries 190 Small island developing states 191 Recommendations for developing methods and ...
Page 18
... methods used to address the unique challenges presented when study- ing these exposures . 2 World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe , European Centre for Environment and Health , Rome , Italy . National Center for ...
... methods used to address the unique challenges presented when study- ing these exposures . 2 World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe , European Centre for Environment and Health , Rome , Italy . National Center for ...
Page 25
... methods of weather observations and how the various normals were computed ( 12 ) . The differences between normals due to these primarily anthropogenically - induced changes may be larger than those due to a true change in climate . The ...
... methods of weather observations and how the various normals were computed ( 12 ) . The differences between normals due to these primarily anthropogenically - induced changes may be larger than those due to a true change in climate . The ...
Page 36
... methods and tools that can be used to assess exposure , along with illustrative examples . Further discussion of methods to assess relevant exposures to weather and climate can be found in Ebi and Patz ( 1 ) . Studying the natural ...
... methods and tools that can be used to assess exposure , along with illustrative examples . Further discussion of methods to assess relevant exposures to weather and climate can be found in Ebi and Patz ( 1 ) . Studying the natural ...
Common terms and phrases
activities adaptation American analysis areas assessment associated atmosphere average capacity cause century climate change climate variability considered countries deaths dengue depends disasters distribution economic effects ENSO environment environmental epidemics estimates et al evidence example exposure extreme factors floods future global greenhouse Group health impacts heat human health impacts of climate important incidence increase infectious diseases influence International IPCC Italy Journal limited malaria measures methods models monitoring mortality mosquito natural Niņo observed occur Organization outcomes ozone particular patterns period population possible potential precipitation predict present Press projected public health radiation rainfall range rates recent reduce region relationships relative Report response result risk scenarios Science seasonal social sources specific surface temperature tion transmission uncertainty United variation vector vulnerability warming weather World World Health