Climate Change and Human Health: Risks and ResponsesAnthony J. McMichael World Health Organization, 2003 - 322 pages Over the ages, human societies have altered local ecosystems and modified regional climates. Today, the human influence has attained a global scale. This reflects the recent rapid increase in population size, energy consumption, intensity of land use, international trade and travel, and other human activities. These global changes have heightened awareness that the long-term good health of populations depends on the continued stability and functioning of the biosphere's ecological, physical, and socioeconomic systems. The world's climate system is an integral part of the complex of life-supporting processes. Climate and weather have always had a powerful impact on human health and well-being. But like other large natural systems, the global climate system is coming under pressure from human activities. Global climate change is, therefore, a newer challenge to ongoing efforts to protect human health. This volume seeks to describe the context and process of global climate change, its actual or likely impacts on health, and how human societies and their governments should respond, with particular focus on the health sector. |
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Page 3
... associated costs ; and ways to lessen the impacts . The IPCC's Third Assessment Report ( 2001 ) projects an increase in average world surface temperature ranging from 1.4 to 5.8 ° C over the course of the twenty - first century ( see ...
... associated costs ; and ways to lessen the impacts . The IPCC's Third Assessment Report ( 2001 ) projects an increase in average world surface temperature ranging from 1.4 to 5.8 ° C over the course of the twenty - first century ( see ...
Page 18
... associated characteristics of the underlying land or water , in a particular region over a par- ticular time - scale , usually considered over multiple years . Climate variability is the variation around the average climate , including ...
... associated characteristics of the underlying land or water , in a particular region over a par- ticular time - scale , usually considered over multiple years . Climate variability is the variation around the average climate , including ...
Page 19
... associated with the planet's spherical shape , giving rise to the high jet streams and the prevailing westerly trade winds . The winds , in turn , along with Earth's rotation , drive large ocean currents such as the Gulf Stream in the ...
... associated with the planet's spherical shape , giving rise to the high jet streams and the prevailing westerly trade winds . The winds , in turn , along with Earth's rotation , drive large ocean currents such as the Gulf Stream in the ...
Page 26
... associated droughts , floods , heatwaves and changes that can disrupt food pro- duction ( 16 ) . Predictions of ENSO associated regional anomalies ( deviations or departures from the normal ) are generally given in probabilistic terms ...
... associated droughts , floods , heatwaves and changes that can disrupt food pro- duction ( 16 ) . Predictions of ENSO associated regional anomalies ( deviations or departures from the normal ) are generally given in probabilistic terms ...
Page 27
... associated with the 1997-1998 El Niño event are apparent , even taking into account recent warming trends . The increase in temperature over the twentieth century is likely to have been the largest of any century during the past 1000 ...
... associated with the 1997-1998 El Niño event are apparent , even taking into account recent warming trends . The increase in temperature over the twentieth century is likely to have been the largest of any century during the past 1000 ...
Common terms and phrases
adaptive capacity air pollution analysis areas associated atmosphere cause cholera climate system climate variability coral bleaching deaths decision-makers dengue dengue fever developing countries diarrhoeal disease disasters distribution drought ecological economic ecosystems effects of climate El Niño emissions ENSO environment Environmental Health epidemics Epidemiology estimates extreme floods future climate global climate change greenhouse gases health effects health impact assessment health outcomes heatwave human health impacts of climate important increase infectious diseases Intergovernmental Panel IPCC Journal Lyme disease malaria measures meteorological monitoring mortality mosquito National Niño outbreaks ozone depletion Panel on Climate pathogen potential precipitation predict projected public health radiation rainfall range rates region relationships response result seasonal skin cancer solar specific stakeholders stratospheric stratospheric ozone temperature Third Assessment Report tion transmission trends tropical uncertainty UVR exposure variation vector vector-borne diseases vitamin D vulnerability weather World Health Organization