Greening the GATT: Trade, Environment, and the FutureInstitute for International Economics, 1994 - 319 pages There is growing consensus that new international rules and principles are needed to reconcile conflicts, and promote complementarities, between trade and environmental goals. The issue is especially acute for very poor countries striving for rapid economic growth. Esty, a former Environmental Protection Agency official with extensive experience in trade and environmental negotiations, examines the vital connections between trade, environment and development. He argues that current international trade rules and institutions must be significantly reformed to address environmental concerns while still promoting economic growth and development. Esty offers new international rules and principles to help make trade and environmental policies work together to better achieve sustainable economic progress. He concludes with recommendations for a Global Environmental Organization (GEO) to promote simultaneous achievement of trade environmental goals. |
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Page 143
... unilaterally restrict imports on the basis of environmental damage that does not impact on a country's territory needs to be upheld . An important application of this rule is that there is no justification to require by unilateral trade ...
... unilaterally restrict imports on the basis of environmental damage that does not impact on a country's territory needs to be upheld . An important application of this rule is that there is no justification to require by unilateral trade ...
Page 144
... unilateral action a necessary , if unfortunate , policy option in some circumstances . Even Robert Hudec ( 1989 , 116 ) , a renowned trade aficionado , accepts the inevitability of some unilateral actions , concluding that , under ...
... unilateral action a necessary , if unfortunate , policy option in some circumstances . Even Robert Hudec ( 1989 , 116 ) , a renowned trade aficionado , accepts the inevitability of some unilateral actions , concluding that , under ...
Page 150
... unilateral enforcement of international environmental standards is not only unavoidable but valuable . Indeed , actions by individual countries or ad hoc groups of countries will in many cases be the only viable mechanism for enforcing ...
... unilateral enforcement of international environmental standards is not only unavoidable but valuable . Indeed , actions by individual countries or ad hoc groups of countries will in many cases be the only viable mechanism for enforcing ...
Contents
Introduction | 1 |
Origins of the Trade and Environment Conflict | 9 |
Conflict or Convergence | 35 |
Copyright | |
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accept actions addition advance agreement applied approach appropriate argue basis become benefits chapter competitiveness concerns costs Court create decision developing countries differences domestic economic effect efforts ensure environmental harms environmental policies environmental protection environmental regulations environmental standards environmentalists established European example existing export face fact foreign free traders fund GATT global environmental goals green harm important imposed industry Institute interests international environmental international trade ISBN paper issues limited means ment mental multilateral natural negotiations noted Organization panel particularly parties pays permit political pollution potential principle problems programs question reduce reflect regime regulations requirements response result ronmental rules Specifically structure sustainable tion trade and environment trade and environmental trade liberalization trade measures trade restrictions tuna unilateral United waste