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DONALD E. RICHBOURG, J. DAVID WILLSON, JOHN G. PLASHal, Robert V. Davis, Sandra A. GIL-
BERT, DAVID F. KILIAN, ELIZABETH A. PHILLIPS, RICHARD E. EFFORD, DELACROIX DAVIS III,
ALICIA JONES, and JULIE PACQUING, Staff Assistants; Marcia L. MATTS, MARY E. GAROFALO,
and CYNTHIA A. WRIGHT, Administrative Aides

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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE APPROPRIATIONS

FOR 1990

HEARINGS

BEFORE A

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DONALD E. RICHBOURG, J. David Willson, JOHN G. PLASHAL, ROBERT V. Davis, SANDRA A. GIL-
BERT, David F. Kilian, ElizABETH A. PHILLIPS, RICHARD E. EFFORD, DELACROIX DAVIS III,
ALICIA JONES, and JULIE PACQUING, Staff Assistants; MARCIA L. MATTS, MARY E. Garofalo,
and CYNTHIA A. WRIGHT, Administrative Aides

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Kr 27 .A6 1949

COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS

JAMIE L. WHITTEN, Mississippi, Chairman

WILLIAM H. NATCHER, Kentucky
NEAL SMITH, Iowa

SIDNEY R. YATES, Illinois
DAVID R. OBEY, Wisconsin
EDWARD R. ROYBAL, California
LOUIS STOKES, Ohio
TOM BEVILL, Alabama
BILL ALEXANDER, Arkansas
JOHN P. MURTHA, Pennsylvania
BOB TRAXLER, Michigan

JOSEPH D. EARLY, Massachusetts
CHARLES WILSON, Texas

LINDY (MRS. HALE) BOGGS, Louisiana
NORMAN D. DICKS, Washington
MATTHEW F. MCHUGH, New York
WILLIAM LEHMAN, Florida
MARTIN OLAV SABO, Minnesota
JULIAN C. DIXON, California
VIC FAZIO, California

W. G. (BILL) HEFNER, North Carolina

LES AUCOIN, Oregon

DANIEL K. AKAKA, Hawaii
WES WATKINS, Oklahoma

WILLIAM H. GRAY III, Pennsylvania
BERNARD J. DWYER, New Jersey
STENY H. HOYER, Maryland

BOB CARR, Michigan

ROBERT J. MRAZEK, New York

RICHARD J. DURBIN, Illinois

RONALD D. COLEMAN, Texas

ALAN B. MOLLOHAN, West Virginia

LINDSAY THOMAS, Georgia

CHESTER G. ATKINS, Massachusetts

JIM CHAPMAN, Texas

SILVIO O. CONTE, Massachusetts
JOSEPH M. McDADE, Pennsylvania
JOHN T. MYERS, Indiana
CLARENCE E. MILLER, Ohio
LAWRENCE COUGHLIN, Pennsylvania
C. W. BILL YOUNG, Florida
RALPH REGULA, Ohio
VIRGINIA SMITH, Nebraska
CARL D. PURSELL, Michigan
MICKEY EDWARDS, Oklahoma
BOB LIVINGSTON, Louisiana
BILL GREEN, New York
JERRY LEWIS, California
JOHN EDWARD PORTER, Illinois
HAROLD ROGERS, Kentucky
JOE SKEEN, New Mexico
FRANK R. WOLF, Virginia
BILL LOWERY, California
VIN WEBER, Minnesota
TOM DELAY, Texas
JIM KOLBE, Arizona

DEAN A. GALLO, New Jersey

FREDERICK G. MOHRMAN, Clerk and Staff Director

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE APPROPRIATIONS

FOR 1990

TUESDAY, JANUARY 31, 1989.

COMMANDER IN CHIEF, UNITED STATES EUROPEAN

COMMAND

WITNESS

GEN. JOHN R. GALVIN, U.S. ARMY, COMMANDER IN CHIEF, U.S. EUROPEAN COMMAND

INTRODUCTION

Mr. MURTHA. The committee will come to order.

Today we have General John Galvin, Commander in Chief, European Command.

It is our purpose today to discuss the ability to carry out the NATO warfighting strategy, the resources needed and on hand to carry out this strategy, and the possibility of making reductions without affecting warfighting capability.

We are delighted to have you before the committee. I have looked at your statement and your statement will appear in its entirety in the record. If you will summarize it for us then we will proceed with questions.

SUMMARY STATEMENT OF GENERAL GALVIN

General GALVIN. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. I appreciate the chance to be here, and I also would like to say from the beginning, I deeply appreciate your visit over to Europe where you spent a great deal of time with members of this subcommittee and the committee itself looking around Europe and finding out firsthand what was going on. My commanders also were delighted that we had that opportunity.

I would like to just make a brief summary. There are a lot of questions that are going to come up this year and a lot of tough issues.

CHANGES IN THE SOVIET UNION

First of all, surprisingly enough, the issue that is uppermost is, what is the situation. We have the Soviet Union going through a vast transition down the road where even the key Soviet leaders themselves admitted they don't know where that road goes, but what they have also said about that road is that it is not reversible.

I think that puts us in a situation that we have not seen since the beginning of the Alliance, almost 40 years ago. We are inextri

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