would conduct studies of the staffing implications of the new programs, and of staff turnover. It would identify factors of demand and supply and obstacles to recruitment. It would also concern itself with the training needs of social welfare personnel. 4. Two positions to work in the medical economics area (GS-15 and GS-6): The professional position requested would give special attention to the economic efforts of medical care programs, especially as they are related to public assist ance recipients and other medically indigent persons. For planning purposes. it is necessary to have projections of medical care costs and to appraise their impact on federally assisted programs, both current and contemplated. This position would: develop new cost units for medical care service as needed, analyze comparative cost data, prepare medical expenditure trends and projections, and collect and analyze cost data by various payment methods and types of program. Mr. FOGARTY. How many new positions were you able to add with the supplemental appropriation you received last session? Dr. WINSTON. Eleven. Mr. FOGARTY. Congress cut your request for the supplemental by a little over $100,000. Dr. WINSTON. Yes. Mr. FOGARTY. Are any of the positions you are requesting for 1967 ones that were not allowed in connection with last year's supplemental? Mr. SMITH. There was one, the job of medical economist. Dr. WINSTON. This is a job we have great need for. CIVIL RIGHTS ENFORCEMENT Mr. FOGARTY. I notice on page 58 you have a special unit which, among other things, deals with civil rights problems. I mentioned this earlier. How big is this unit, and how much of its time is spent on civil rights? Dr. WINSTON. Actually, we have had great difficulty in carrying out our civil rights responsibilities as fully as we feel we should, because we have not had earmarked positions. We have diverted senior staff from their regular jobs to work in this area. We began to do this really about a year ago. At this point we still do not have the complement of jobs that will enable us to do overall what eventually we must do in this field, but we are deliberately using other positions and reallocating functions so we can free up time for this area. It is a very hard arrangement to make, but it is one we feel important to be made. Mr. FOGARTY. With the Special Assistant Secretary and staff for civil rights at that level and with people working on this at the bureau level, why do you need this additional layer here? Dr. WINSTON. It so happens, sir, when you are responsible for a program, you have to have personnel to make sure that you carry out these responsibilities. We also have, as you well know, more than one operating unit within the welfare administration, and there has to be overall coordination of their activities. It is like any other facet of our responsibility-it pyramids up. Mr. SMITH. Mr. Chairman, this is very small, only three professional people and clerical assistance. Mr. FOGARTY. I was thinking that in the Department of Labor we have the Solicitor's Office and all the lawyers are in that one office. They handle all the legal work for the Department in that one office. If we are to have an Assistant Secretary and a staff at the top level, I was wondering why that staff could not handle all problems of civil rights for the whole Department. Mr. CARDWELL. The Secretary's concept of how this would work in our Department is to decentralize the basic responsibility for compliance reviews, investigations, and followup with the operating agencies, with the major agencies specializing in the programs for which they are responsible, with only a very small staff at his level. He has suggested, however, to each operating agency head that he have a topflight assistant on his staff to assist him and to assure that the program within his agency is coordinated. Dr. WINSTON. A civil rights officer who reports directly to me. WORK EXPERIENCE PROGRAM Mr. FOGARTY. You have mentioned this several times, and in the justifications on page 78 in connection with the work experience program you say, "This entailed a great deal of attention on the part of the Office of the Commissioner." What do you mean by "a great deal"? A man-month? A man-year? Ten man-years? Are you reimbursed by the OEO for all this work? Mr. WYNKOOP. Yes; we are reimbursed for extra identifiable work. We have one person in the Office of the Commissioner who reports to Dr. Winston, who is paid for by OEO for work in this area. Mr. FOGARTY. What do you mean by "a great deal"? Dr. WINSTON. I mean it takes a good deal of my attention. Mr. FOGARTY. What you mean and what someone else might mean by "a great deal" may be a long way apart. Dr. WINSTON. Actually, we were getting a new program underway under title V. This meant all of the policy that had to be developed in terms of a quite extensive program. This, in turn, means that all those policies must be approved in the Office of the Commissioner just as they would be for title XIX or any other program. It has meant, frankly, a great deal of interpretation to States to help them in setting priorities so they would move into this program, which offers great opportunity. So, I would say, sir, that it is comparable to any other new program. In my experience, any new program where you are interpreting your law, you are developing policies and procedures, will inevitably take more attention from the head of the operating agency than a program which is already well established, where you have your policies and routines worked out. Mr. FOGARTY. Is there anything else you want to say about your program? This is your last chance in this set of hearings. Dr. WINSTON. I would like to say we are most appreciative of the time that you have given us today so we could go into so many program details. We are appreciative of your own vast knowledge of the program and the fact that we know you share our objective of making it the best operating program we can develop to give an increasing number of the neediest people in this country the opportunities they need to rise out of their poverty and dependency into the mainstream of our American life. 60-627-66-pt. 2- -88 Mr. FOGARTY. After that speech, I think you can run for Governor of North Carolina. Dr. WINSTON. It has been suggested before. Thank you, sir. Dr. WINSTON. No, sir. MR. WYNKOOP'S CONTRIBUTION DURING THE LAST 20 YEARS Mr. FOGARTY. Before Mr. Wynkoop goes, I want to say for the record that for 20 years now, since I have been on this committee, he has been up here every year, and he has been one of the most knowledgeable men I have known in this field. He certainly has been one of the most dedicated men and has done a really good job in this whole area of the Department's budget that he has worked with. I am sorry that your are not going to be with us next year, Mr. Wynkoop. I want you to know that the committee feels you have been one of the most valuable witnesses that ever appeared before the committee. Mr. WYNKOOP. Thank you very much. Mr. CARDWELL. With your permission, could I make a small comment about that? Mr. FOGARTY. Surely. Mr. CARDWELL. Next year someone else will renew the process. Roy Wynkoop is a much beloved person throughout the Department. He is known by many people and he has many friends. Mr. FOGARTY. Thank you. They ought to give you a raise before you retire. Mr. WYNKOOP. I feel I have had all the raise I am entitled to because of the kind words that have been said. Mr. FOGARTY. A few more dollars would not hurt in retirement, you know. Mr. WYNKOOP. This committee has certainly been a wonderful committee to work with. Mr. FOGARTY. We have given you some bad times, too. Mr. WYNKOOP. Yes; but some awfully understanding treatment, too. Mr. FOGARTY. Thank you for your testimony, Dr. Winston. 2. Increased costs for Department centralization of mail, messenger, and accounting activities.. Program: Subtotal, mandatory increases_- $1, 292, 000 1,292, 000 1,589, 000 +297,000 168, 000 33, 000 201, 000 Assistance in developing and reviewing social services and financial assistance policies (4 positions). 29,000 Conduct of research and evaluation of program operations: Development and administration of directed research programs (4 positions)‒‒‒‒‒‒ 29,800 Studies of medical economics related to medical assistance 16, 600 Analyses and studies of social work manpower needs and Processing of research statistical data_-_ Subtotal, program increases_ Gross increases. 18, 600 11,000 105, 000 306, 000 DECREASES Nonrecurring items of equipment related to new positions provided in 1966. Total, net change requested---. EXPLANATION OF CHANGES -9,000 297,000 Social services and financial assistance review Additional assistance is requested for developing and reviewing policy material related to the effective implementation of the 1965 and 1962 Social Security Act Amendments. It is also expected that the Advisory Council on Public Welfare will identify many areas requiring additional high-level attention to im prove the provision of services and assistance and the administration of programs. Four positions are requested for this purpose (2 GS-13's, GS-6, and GS-5). Conduct of research and appraisal of program operations Research and appraisal of programs would be bolstered under the proposed increases. To design projects, stimulate research, prepare contracts, and conduct followup activities related to the directed research program, a staff of four positions is requested (GS-14, GS-13, GS-6, and GS−5). Projections of medical care costs and economic studies related to the newly authorized medical care services and assistance programs are proposed. Two positions (GS-15 and GS-6) are requested for this purpose. Shortages of social work manpower require further studies of such areas as sources of recruitment, definition of job tasks to assist in the effective utilization of scarce personnel, and training needs of social work personnel. Two positions (GS-15 and GS-11) are requested for this purpose. In addition, $11,000 is requested for the processing of statistical data by the Department's data processing unit. Needs for this type of service have been minimal in the past, but as the research program has developed, there has developed a need for the processing of statistical data resulting from research studies so that they can be properly analyzed and portrayed for administrative and program use. JUSTIFICATION OF ESTIMATES BACKGROUND The Office of the Commissioner has been vested with heavy responsibilities for successful achievement of the objectives that have been established in the Federal-State-local programs concerned with the provision of welfare services and financial and medical assistance, juvenile delinquency prevention and control activities, child welfare services, maternal and child health activities, and assistance to Cuban refugees. It is in the Office of the Commissioner that the responsibilities rest for program planning and leadership; overall program coordination, review, and evaluation: establishing operational and administrative priorities and acting as a focal point for assuring that prompt attention is given to the most urgent program and administrative matters, particularly those involving more than one bureau or office; conducting liaison with other Federal and with non-Federal agencies on matters affecting Welfare Administration programs; providing management leadership and advice; and conducting intramural and extramural research programs devoted to questions such as the prevention and reduction of dependency and the coordination of planning between private and public welfare agencies. These responsibilities have been greatly enlarged in recent years through the enactment of new and expanded legislation. In 1961, the aid to families with dependent children grants were extended to families with an unemployed parent. The 1961 Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act and subsequent extensions have authorized demonstration and training grants and contracts related to the problems of reducing juvenile delinquency. The far-reaching Public Welfare Amendments of 1962 stressed the provision of preventive and rehabilitative services to public assistance recipients and potential recipients, thereby assisting in preventing or reducing dependency. The Maternal and Child Health and Mental Retardation Planning Amendments of 1963 established the special maternity and infant care projects for low-income families most likely to be subject to health hazards, instituted a program of research grants to institutions of higher education and other agencies for projects related to maternal and child health and crippled children's services, and increased funds for State grants for maternal and child health and crippled children's services. The Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 broadened the program of work-experience projects for needy unemployed. The recently enacted 1965 Social Security Act Amendments provide the basis for extending medical assistance programs, for strengthening medical services to children, for increasing funds for child welfare services, and for supporting more adequate assistance payments. Specifically, they established a medical assistance program for the medically needy persons who are, or would be, if sufficiently needy, receiving assistance under the fed |