Determinants of Crime Rates in Latin America and the World: An Empirical AssessmentWorld Bank Publications, 1998 M01 1 - 44 pages A growing concern in most regions of the world is the heightened incidence of criminal and violent behavior, especially in the Latin American and Caribbean Region. This study uses a new data set of crime rates for a large sample of countries to analyze the determinants of national homicide and robbery rates. The authors describe a simple model of "incentives to commit crimes" by estimating several econometric models and utilizing empirical models to draw their conclusions. |
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Page 23
... estimator proposed by Chamberlain ( 1984 ) , Holtz - Eakin , Newey and Rosen ( 1988 ) , Arellano and Bond ( 1991 ) , and Arellano and Bover ( 1995 ) , which has been applied to cross- country studies by Caselli , Esquivel and Lefort ...
... estimator proposed by Chamberlain ( 1984 ) , Holtz - Eakin , Newey and Rosen ( 1988 ) , Arellano and Bond ( 1991 ) , and Arellano and Bover ( 1995 ) , which has been applied to cross- country studies by Caselli , Esquivel and Lefort ...
Page 24
... estimator based on moment condi- tions similar to those in equations ( 13 ) and ( 14 ) . However , for reasons explained below , we will use an estimator that complements these moment conditions ( applied to the regression in ...
... estimator based on moment condi- tions similar to those in equations ( 13 ) and ( 14 ) . However , for reasons explained below , we will use an estimator that complements these moment conditions ( applied to the regression in ...
Page 25
... estimator rises ( that is , the asymptotic precision of this estimator deteriorates ) . Furthermore , Monte Carlo experi- ments show that the weakness of the instruments produces biased coefficients in small samples ; this bias is ...
... estimator rises ( that is , the asymptotic precision of this estimator deteriorates ) . Furthermore , Monte Carlo experi- ments show that the weakness of the instruments produces biased coefficients in small samples ; this bias is ...
Page 28
... estimator is clearly superior to the cross - sectional results . Since we are instru- menting for both the policemen rate and the conviction rate ( and the specification tests sup- port the model ) , we conclude that the negative and ...
... estimator is clearly superior to the cross - sectional results . Since we are instru- menting for both the policemen rate and the conviction rate ( and the specification tests sup- port the model ) , we conclude that the negative and ...
Page 41
... a small group of countries , the regressions con- tained only 18 countries , and the coefficients of these variables were also statistically insignificant . 16 For a concise presentation of the GMM estimator addressed 41 XV.
... a small group of countries , the regressions con- tained only 18 countries , and the coefficients of these variables were also statistically insignificant . 16 For a concise presentation of the GMM estimator addressed 41 XV.
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Common terms and phrases
Asia Dummy average Caribbean coefficient Colombia commit a crime common religion conviction rate crime industry criminal activity criminal behavior criminal inertia cross-sectional regressions death penalty decision to commit determinants of crime deterrence effects Developing Countries DiCristina Drug Possession Crimes Drug Producers Dummy Dummy for Developing econometric Ehrlich empirical error term Europe and Central explanatory variables GDP growth rate Gini Coefficient Gini index GNP per Capita Guyana homicide and robbery incidence income inequality increase individual individual's instruments Intentional Homicide Rates joint endogeneity lagged crime rate lagged homicide rate largest number Latin America level of education Loayza Log of GNP measurement errors mis-measurement national crime rates Number of Observations p-value panel data police population Possession Crimes Rate proxy reported crime robbery rates Sargan Secondary Enrollment Rate serially correlated Shahid Javed Burki significant statistically strictly exogenous Sub-Saharan Africa tion under-reporting United Nations unobserved country-specific effects urbanization rate World Bank World Crime Surveys
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