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colleges also follow the 1938 revision. Elective courses have been added in excess of the minimum requirements of the Ministry. In Taiwan, the Ministry of Education did not prepare the standard curricula for the junior colleges, but their curricula, when submitted to the ministry for approval, proved to be essentially a reproduction of the standardized curricula except for the elimination of several requirements in the freshman year.

National Taiwan University.-After V-J Day, the National Taiwan University was established by the Ministry of Education by incorporating into it the former Japanese Taipei Imperial University, which then consisted of 4 colleges, namely: Science, Agriculture, Commerce, and Engineering; the former Taiwan Provincial College of Law and Commerce, and the former forestry grounds belonging to the Imperial University of Tokyo. The National Taiwan University consists of the following colleges, departments, and research institutes:

College of Liberal Arts has 5 departments: Chinese literature, foreign literature, history, philosophy, archeology and anthropology, and 2 research institutes of history and philosophy.

College of Science has 7 departments: mathematics, physics, chemistry, zoology, botany, geology, psychology, and the research institute of botany. College of Medicine has a hospital and advanced nursing school and 2 research institutes: pathology and public health.

College of Engineering has 4 departments: Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Electrical Engineering, and the Research Institute of Electrical Engineering.

College of Agriculture has 8 departments: plant parasitology, agricultural chemistry, horticulture, forestry, animal husbandry, and veterinary medicine, and 2 research institutes, namely: agricultural chemistry and plant parasitology. It has, in addition, 1 experimental forest and 3 experimental farms-farming, horticulture, and animal husbandry.

College of Law has 4 departments: law, political science, economics, and business administration.

Beginning with the academic year 1953-54, two new departments will be established in the College of Medicine, the Department of Dentistry, which offers a 6-year course, and a department of pharmacy, which offers a 4-year course.

The College of Medicine requires 7 years to graduate. All of the other 5 colleges offer 4-year courses in undergraduate studies, upon completion of which, a "bachelor's" degree is granted. The research institutes offer a "master's" degree to students after completion of 2 years of required studies and a graduating thesis.

In the spring semester of 1953, the Ministry of Education reported the total enrollment as being 3,597, of whom 3,586 were under graduates and 11 graduates.

Liberal arts. The only college of Liberal Arts in Taiwan is at the National University of Taiwan, and it has 5 departments: Chinese history, philosophy, anthropology, and foreign languages. There are 634 students (reported 1952-53) in this college, but more than 70 percent of them are specializing in foreign languages. For almost all this means specialization in English, plus 6 to 12 credits of French or Spanish. The department offers 14 courses (84 credits of English) toward this specialization in English, plus 6 to 12 credits of French or Spanish. The titles of some of the English courses are: English prose English phonetics, history of English literature, English poetry works of great Western authors, drama, American literature, practical English, and Shakespeare. The following table is given as an example of a program of study in a department such as English.

TABLE 13.-Curriculum of English Department

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Program of studies in the College of Science.-Courses offered in the College of Science compare closely, so far as titles are concerned, with science courses in an American institution. The differences are in the direction of greater specialization and a larger list of requirements. For instance, a student specializing in physics is required to take (1) a minimum of 43 hours of required courses in the first 2 years, including Chinese history, Chinese, English, sociology, economics, and a second science; (2) at least 56 hours of required civics and mathematics courses, including the usual courses in the special field. Applied electronics, modern physics, calculus, and differential equations. A course in general chemistry is also required; (3) electives to make a total of at least 132 hours at graduation selected from such courses as Vector analysis, kinetic theory of gases, quantum mechanics, and relativity. Courses in German, meteorology, and methods of teaching physics are also possibilities.

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All college graduates are now required to join the Reserve Officers Training Corps.

Provincial Institutions of Higher Learning

Provincial Teachers College of Taipei. The Provincial Teachers College of Taipei has an enrollment of 1,609 reported in the fall semester of 1952. This particular institution consists of 11 departments: General education, Chinese, English, history and geography, mathematics, physics and chemistry, biology, physical education, arts, music, and industrial education. At the present time, preparations are underway to open 3 new departments: agricultural education, home economics, and Boy Scouting.

Provincial College of Taiwan.-This institution has 6 departments: mechanical, electrical, chemical, civil, architectural, and electronic engineering. As reported in the fall semester of 1952, the college had 263 faculty members and 1,038 students.

Provincial Agricultural College of Taiwan.-This college has 6 departments: agronomy, forestry, plant pathology and insect control, agricultural chemistry, rural economy, and horticulture. The 1952 enrollment of this institution was 886, of whom 775 were males and 111 female students.

The Provincial Junior College of Local Administration. This college, which was established in 1949, provides a 2-year course in 4 subjects: General administration, public finance, land economics, and educational administration. According to the ministry's report in 1952, the college had 1,066 students.

Provincial Junior College of Engineering. This institution is located in Taipei, and provides a 5-year course for graduates from junior middle schools and junior vocational schools. The college is divided into 5 departments: electrical engineering, chemical engineering, civil engineering, mining and meteorology, and mechanical engineering. According to the report of 1952, the total enrollment of the college was 970, of whom 22 were girls.

The Taiwan Provincial Institute of Public Administration.-This institution was founded in 1949 by order to the Taiwan Provincial Government. The school is open to "refugee" students from the mainland of China as well as to graduates of local senior middle. schools.

The Institute has five departments: Civil Affairs, Finance, Accounting and Statistics, Land Administration, Social Work. Each of these departments has a curriculum on a 2-year basis, leading to a diploma awarded by the Institute with the approval of the Ministry of Education.

The curriculum of the department of Civil Affairs consists of the following subjects: The Three People's Principles (San-Min Chu-I). Chinese, General History of China, English, Local Administration, Constitutional Law, Introduction to Civil Law, Political Science, Principles of Economics, Study of Administration, and Statistics. These subjects are taught during the first year. The following courses are offered during the second year: Introduction to Civil Law, Administrative Law, Introduction to Criminal Law, Public Finance, Census Administration, International Law, History of Political Thought, Rural Economy and Cooperation, Land Problems and Policies, Sociology and Social Problems, Organization and Training of the People, and Administrative Practice.

The Department of Public Finance offers the following 2-year curriculum: First Year, The Three People's Principles (San-Min Chu-I) Chinese, General History of China, English, Rural Economy and Cooperation, Constitutional Law, Introduction to Civil Law, Principles of Economics, Agricultural Credit, Land Administration. Land Tax, Land Problems and Policies, Rural Sociology, Farmers' Organization and Cooperation, Land Survey. Second Year: Land Administration, Local Administration, Administrative Law, Land Economics, Land System, Land Law, Land Survey, Introduction to Agricultural Science, Land Investigation and Statistics, and City Planning.

The Department of Social Work offers the following 2-year program of studies: First Year: The Three People's Principles, Chinese, General History of China, English, Introduction to Civil Law, Principles of Economics, Sociology, Social Problems, Social Investigation and Statistics, Social Work, Introduction to Cooperation, Industrial Management, Field Work. Second Year: Social Psychology, Social Administration, Social Insurance, Rural Sociology, Social Relief. Criminal Law, Labor Legislation, Child Welfare, Administrative Law, Public Health, Constitutional Law, Local Administration, Field Work.

Tunghai University. This new institution of higher learning sponsored by the United Board for Christian Education in Asia. opened its doors to a first class of 200 students in September 1955. The aims and purposes of the university as stated by its founders are to offer an educational program which would "attempt to meet the needs and aspirations of the Christian community on Formosa in as fresh and imaginative a pattern as possible. It should lay great stress upon the cultural heritage of its students as it is expressed in the history, philosophy, art, and religion of eastern Asia. *** Its constant aim should be the training of men and women for unselfish service to their time beginning in Taiwan and reaching to the uttermost parts of the earth."

Selected Bibliography

Education in

ARNDT, C. O. and SEVERIN K. TUROSIENDKI, TUNG YUEN FONG. China. (U. S. Office of Education Leaflet, No. 69) Washington, U. S. Government Printing Office, 1944.

ARNOLD, JULEAN H. The People of Formosa. sonian Institution, 1910. pp. 287–295. lection, Vol. LII.)

Washington, D. C., The Smith(Smithsonian Miscellaneous Col

ASSOCIATED BOARDS FOR CHRISTIAN COLLEGES IN CHINA. Annual Report, June 30, 1944. 150 Fifth Avenue, New York 11, N. Y. 12 p. and June 30, 1941.

12 p.

BATE, H. MACLEAR. Report from Formosa. London, Eyre and Spotteswoode, 1952. 210 p.

CAMPBELL, WILLIAM. Sketches from Formosa.

1915. 394 p.

China Handbook 1937-1945.

London, Marshall Brothers Ltd.,

A comprehensive survey of major developments in

China in 8 years of war. Revised and enlarged with 1946 supplement. Compiled by Chinese Ministry of Information New York, The McMillan Company, 1947.

862 p.

China Handbook 1953-54.

Compiled by the Chinese Handbook Editorial Board.

Taipei, Taiwan, China Publishing Company.

Christian Colleges in China, Cooperative Organization, Council of Higher Education, 23 Yuen Ming Yuen Road, Shanghai and Committee for Christian colleges in China, 150 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. CHYNE, W. Y. Handbook of Cultural Institutions in China. National Committee on Intellectual Co-operation, 1936. Education in China during the War. Published by the P. E. N. Club of China, Shanghai. Printed by the South China Morning Post, Ltd., Hong Kong.

Shanghai, Chinese 289 p.

25 p. FREYN, HUBERT. Chinese Education in the War. Prepared under the auspices of the Council of International Affairs, Chungking, Shanghai. Hong KongSingapore, Kelly and Walsh, Ltd. 1940. 137 p.

New York,

GREGG, ALICE H. China and Educational Autonomy. The changing role of the Protestant Educational Missionary in China, 1807-1937. Syracuse University Press, 1946. 283 p.

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