duced or described in popular publications in ways that might invalidate the techinques. Access to such devices is limited to persons with professional interests who will safeguard their use.

a. Sample items made up to resemble those of tests being discussed may be reproduced in popular articles and elsewhere, but scorable tests and actual test items are not reproduced except in professional publications.

b. The psychologist is responsible for the control of psychological tests and other devices and procedures used for instruction when their value might be damaged by revealing to the general public their specific contents or underlying principles.

Principle 14. Test Interpretation. Test scores, like test materials, are released only to persons who are qualified to interpret and use them properly.

a. Materials for reporting test scores to parents, or which are designed for self-appraisal purposes in schools, social agencies, or industry are closely supervised by qualified psychologists or counselors with provisions for referring and counseling individuals when needed.

b. Test results or other assessment data used for evaluation or classification are communicated to employers, relatives, or other appropriate persons in such a manner as to guard against misinterpretation or misuse. In the usual case, an interpretation of the test result rather than the score is communicated.

c. When test results are communicated directly to parents and students, they are accompanied by adequate interpretive aids or advice.

Principle 15. Test Publication. Psychological tests are offered for commercial publication only to publishers who present their tests in a professional way and distribute them only to qualified users.

a. A test manual, technical handbook, or other suitable report on the test is provided which describes the method of constructing and standardizing the test, and summarizes the validation research.

b. The populations for which the test has been developed and the purposes for which it is recommended are stated in the manual. Limitations upon the test's dependability, and aspects of its validity on which research is lacking or incomplete, are clearly stated. In particular, the manual contains a warning regarding interpretations likely to be made which have not yet been substantiated by research.

c. The catalog and manual indicate the training or professional qualifications required for sound interpretation of the test.

d. The test manual and supporting documents take into account the principles enunciated in the Technical Recommendations for Psychological Tests and Diagnostic Techniques.

e. Test advertisements are factual and descriptive rather than emotional and persuasive.

Principle 16. Research Precautions. The psychologist assumes obligations for the welfare of his research subjects, both animal and human.

a. Only when a problem is of scientific significance and it is not practicable to investigate it in any other way is the psychologist justified in exposing research subjects, whether children or adults, to physical or emotional stress as part of an investigation.

b. When a reasonable possibility of injurious aftereffects exists, research is conducted only when the subjects or their responsible agents are fully informed of this possibility and agree to participate nevertheless.

c. The psychologist seriously considers the possibility of harmful aftereffects and avoids them, or removes them as soon as permitted by the design of the experiment.

d. A psychologist using animals in research adheres to the provisions of the Rules Regarding Animals, drawn up by the Committee on Precautions and Standards in Animal Experimentation and adopted by the American Psychological Association.

Principle 17. Publication Credit. Credit is assigned to those who have contributed to a publication, in proportion to their contribution, and only to these. a. Major contributions of a professional character, made by several persons to a common project, are recognized by joint authorship. The experimenter or author who has made the principal contribution to a publication is identified as the first listed.

b. Minor contributions of a professional character, extensive clerical or similar nonprofessional assistance, and other minor contributions are acknowledged in footnotes or in an introductory statement.

c. Acknowledgment through specific citations is made for unpublished as well as published material that has directly influenced the research or writing.

d. A psychologist who compiles and edits for publication the contributions of others publishes the symposium or report under the title of the committee or symposium, with his own name appearing as chairman or editor among those of the other contributors or committee members. Principle 18. Responsibility toward Organization. A psychologist respects the rights and reputation of the institute or organization with which he is associated. a. Materials prepared by a psychologist as a part of his regular work under specific direction of his organization are the property of that organization. Such materials are released for use or publication by a psychologist in accordance with policies of authorization, assignment of credit, and related matters which have been established by his organization.

b. Other material resulting incidentally from activity supported by any agency, and for which the psychologist rightly assumes individual responsibility, is published with disclaimer for any responsibility on the part of the supporting agency.

Principle 19. Promotional Activities. The psychologist associated with the development or promotion of psychological devices, books, or other products offered for commercial sale is responsible for ensuring that such devices, books, or products are presented in a professional and factual way.

a. Claims regarding performance, benefits, or results are supported by scientifically acceptable evidence.

b. The psychologist does not use professional journals for the commercial exploitation of psychological products, and the psychologist-editor guards against such misuse.

c. The psychologist with a financial interest in the sale or use of a psychological product is sensitive to possible conflict of interest in his promotion of such products and avoids compromise of his professional responsibilities and objectives.

Mr. SISK. Also, we will insert at this point a statement by our colleage, Mr. Broyhill.

STATEMENT OF HON. JOEL T. BROYHILL, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF VIRGINIA

Mr. Chairman and members of the subcommittee, by these brief remarks I wish to record my opposition to H.R. 10407, in its present form. Let me emphasize that I favor regulation of the practice of psychology as expressed in the preamble of the bill. The public needs protection against unqualified practice. Unfortunately, it appears to me that this bill eliminates existing protection against unqualified medical practice and offers inadequate safeguards in return.

The present Healing Arts Practice Act has set high standards of medical competence for persons who treat the citizens of the District of Columbia. H.R. 10407 states that it does not mean to affect the Healing Arts Practice Act, but in fact it specifically authorizes persons without medical training to offer psychotherapy and similar forms of medical treatment to any persons who seek help for mental problems. Phychologists ought to be licensed to do what they are competent to do, but because of the obvious inclusion of this area of psychology in the medical picture and because the individual seeking help does not necessarily know the non-medical limits of the psychologist's training, it is important that this bill be harmonized with the Healing Arts Practice Act to insure appropriate medical

consultation and supervision in those cases in which the psychologist may be dealing with mental illness and treatment. Furthermore, it is necessary to be clear that even with consultation only a properly qualified psychologist, and no other non-medical persons, can engage in this area of practice so interrelated with medicine. H.R. 10407 fails completely to do this.

It is my understanding that representatives of the national psychiatric and psychological organizations, as well as the local branches, are aware of these problems and have discussed them. I am confident that given an expression of interest from Congress, these professionals can resolve the questions on the professional level where they belong and present a bill which all can agree will adequately protect the public.

Thank you for permitting me to present these views.

Mr. SISK. The Subcommittee will stand in adjournment, until further call of the Chair.

(Whereupon, at 12:10 p.m., an adjournment was taken, subject to the call of the Chair.)

PSYCHOLOGY

MONDAY, JUNE 3, 1968

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,

SUBCOMMITTEE No. 5 OF THE

COMMITTEE ON THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA,

Washington, D.C. The subcommittee met, pursuant to recess at 10.00 a.m., in Room 1310 Longworth House Office Building, Hon. B. F. Sisk (chairman of the subcommittee) presiding.

Present: Representatives Sisk, Whitener, Jacobs, Walker, Horton, Gude, and Zwach.

Also Present: James T. Clark, Clerk; Sara Watson, Assistant Counsel; Donald Tubridy, Minority Clerk, Leonard O. Hilder, Investigator.

Mr. SISK. Subcommittee No. 5 will come to order.

We have before us this morning a continuation of the hearings on H.R. 10407, by the Chairman of our committee, and S. 1864 which has passed the other body.

It is a bill to regulate the practice of psychology.

At the conclusion of our hearings some two weeks ago, we had heard from a group of psychologists and several other people with reference to the need for this legislation or for some kind of legislation to regulate the practice of psychology.

This morning the committee will be glad to heard from witnesses from the Washington Psychiatry Society and others interested in this legislation. First, the Chair would be happy to call to the witness stand members of the Washington Psychiatric Society, Dr. Milton Meltzer and Dr. Richard Stienbach.

These are the two names that I have. Is there anyone else that you gentlemen wish to bring with you? If you prefer to make an appearance in a group, the committee would be very happy to have you do so. Dr. LEGAULT. We would like to appear as a group.

Mr. SISK. I might say, If you will, Doctor, please identify each one of the gentlemen seated at the table.

I might further state that the committee would be glad to make a part of the record any statements that any of you gentlemen have. You may read those statements or you may simply make an extemporaneous statement briefing the material. That is strictly up to you. Now you may proceed, Dr. Legault.

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