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Printed for the use of the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare

75-125

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON: 1967

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SUBCOMMITTEE ON EMPLOYMENT, MANPOWER, AND POVERTY

JOSEPH S. CLARK, Pennsylvania, Chairman

JENNINGS RANDOLPH, West Virginia CLAIBORNE PELL, Rhode Island

EDWARD M. KENNEDY, Massachusetts GAYLORD NELSON, Wisconsin ROBERT F. KENNEDY, New York

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WINSTON L. PROUTY, Vermont JACOB K. JAVITS, New York GEORGE MURPHY, California

WILLIAM C. SMITH, Counsel

ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY ACT OF 1964, AS AMENDED1

AN ACT

To mobilize the human and financial resources of the Nation to combat poverty in the United States.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That this Act may be cited as the "Economic Opportunity Act of 1964."

FINDINGS AND DECLARATION OF PURPOSE

SEC. 2. Although the economic well-being and prosperity of the United States have progressed to a level surpassing any achieved in world history, and although these benefits are widely shared throughout the Nation, poverty continues to be the lot of a substantial number of our people. The United States can achieve its full economic and social potential as a nation only if every individual has the opportunity to contribute to the full extent of his capabilities and to participate in the workings of our society. It is therefore, the policy of the United States to eliminate the paradox of poverty in the midst of plenty in this Nation by opening to everyone the opportunity for education and training, the opportunity to work, and the opportunity to live in decency and dignity. It is the purpose of this Act to strengthen, supplement, and coordinate efforts in furtherance of that policy.

It is the sense of the Congress that it is highly desirable to employ the resources of the private sector of the economy of the United States in all such efforts to further the policy of this Act.2

TITLE I-WORK TRAINING AND WORK-STUDY

PROGRAMS 3

PART A JOB CORPS

STATEMENT OF PURPOSE

SEC. 101. The purpose of this part is to prepare for the responsibilities of citizenship and to increase the employability of young men and young women aged sixteen through twenty-one by providing them in rural and urban residential centers with education, vocational training, useful work experience, including work directed toward the conservation of natural resources, and other appropriate activities.

ESTABLISHMENT OF JOB CORPS

SEC. 102. In order to carry out the purposes of this part, there is hereby established within the Office of Economic Opportunity (here

1 Amendments included through December 1, 1966.

2 This second paragraph added by section 614(b) of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1966, Public Law 89-794, November 8, 1966, 80 Stat. 1472 (hereinafter cited as the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1966).

3 Sec. 113 of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1966, 80 Stat. 1455, amended the heading of title I as set forth in the text. Prior to this amendment the heading of title I read "TITLE I-YOUTH PROGRAMS".

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inafter referred to as the "Office"), established by title VI, a Job Corps (hereinafter referred to as the "Corps').

JOB CORPS PROGRAM

SEC. 103. The Director of the Office shall prescribe regulations to prevent programs under this part from displacing presently employed workers or the impairment of existing contracts for services.1 The Director of the Office (hereinafter referred to as the "Director") is authorized to

(a) enter into agreements with any Federal, State, or local agency or private organization for the establishment and operation, in rural and urban areas, of conservation camps and training centers and for the provision of such facilities and services as in his judgment are needed to carry out the purposes of this part, including but not limited to agreements with agencies charged with the responsibility of conserving, developing, and managing the public natural resources of the Nation and of developing, managing, and protecting public recreational areas, whereby the enrollees of the Corps may be utilized by such agencies in carrying out, under the immediate supervision of such agencies, programs planned and designed by such agencies to fulfill such responsibility, and including agreements for a botanical survey program involving surveys and maps of existing vegetation and investigations of the plants, soils, and environments of natural and disturbed plant communities: Provided," That such agreements shall provide that all studies, evaluations, proposals, and data produced or developed with Federal funds in the course of the operation of any conservation camp or training center shall become the property of the United States;

(b) arrange for the provision of education and vocational training of enrollees in the Corps: Provided, That, where practicable, such programs may be provided through local public educational agencies or by private vocational educational institutions or technical institutes where such institutions or institutes can provide substantially equivalent training at 3 comparable costs: Provided, That such arrangements for education and training of enrollees in the Corps shall, to the extent feasible, provide opportunities for qualified enrollees to obtain education or training necessary to qualify them for the equivalent of a certificate of graduation from high school;

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(c) provide or arrange for the provision of programs of useful work experience and other appropriate activities for enrollees;

(d) establish standards of safety and health for enrollees, and furnish or arrange for the furnishing of health services; and

(e) prescribe such rules and regulations and make such arrangements as he deems necessary to provide for the selection of enrollees and to govern their conduct after enrollment, including appropriate regulation as to the circumstances under which enrollment may be terminated: Provided, however, 5 That the Director shall make no 1 This sentence added by sec. 2 of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1965, Public Law 89-253, October 9, 1965, 79 Stat. 973 (hereinafter cited as the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1965). 2 This proviso added by sec. 101 (a) of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1966, 80 Stat. 1451. 3 Sec. 101 (b) of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1966, 80 Stat. 1451, amended sec. 103(b) by striking out the words "with reduced federal expenditures" and substituting "at comparable costs". 4 This proviso added by sec. 102 of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1966, 80 Stat. 1451

5 This proviso added by sec. 3 of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1965, 79 Stat. 973.

payments to any individual or to any organization solely as compensation for the service of referring the names of candidates for enrollment in the Corps.

COMPOSITION OF THE CORPS

SEC. 104. (a) The Corps shall be composed of young men and young women who are permanent residents of the United States, who have attained age sixteen but have not attained age twenty-two at the time of enrollment, and who meet the standards for enrollment prescribed by the Director. Participation in the Corps shall not relieve any enrollee of obligations under the Universal Military Training and Service Act (50 U.S.C. App. 451 et seq.). For purposes of this subsection, any native and citizen of Cuba who arrived in the United States from Cuba as a nonimmigrant or as a parolee subsequent to January 1, 1959, under the provisions of section 214(a) or 212(d) (5), respectively, of the Immigration and Nationality Act shall be considered a permanent resident of the United States.1

(b) In order to enroll as a member of the Corps, an individual must agree to comply with rules and regulations promulgated by the Director for the government of the Corps.

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(c) The total enrollment of any individual in the Corps shall not exceed two years except as the Director may determine in special cases. (d) Each enrollee (other than an enrollee who is a native and citizen of Cuba described in section 104(a) of this Act) must take and subscribe to an oath or affirmation in the following form: "I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I bear true faith and allegiance to the United States of America and will support and defend the Constitution and laws of the United States against all its enemies foreign and domestic." The provisions of section 1001 of title 18, United States Code, shall be applicable to the oath or affirmation required under this subsection.

(e) 3 The Director shall take such action as may be necessary to insure that, on or before July 1, 1967, the number of women in residence, and receiving training, at Job Corps conservation camps and training centers is not less than 23 per centum of the total number of enrollees in the Job Corps.

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(f) The Director shall not use any funds made available to carry out this part for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1967, in such a manner as to increase the capacity of conservation camps and training centers of the Job Corps above the capacity of 45,000 enrollees in such camps and centers.

(g) 5 The Director shall take such action as may be necessary to insure that for any fiscal year the direct operating costs of Job Corps

1 This sentence added by sec. 4 of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1965, 79 Stat. 973. 2 Sec. 5 of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1965, 79 Stat. 973, amended sec. 104 (d) to read as set forth in the text. Prior to this amendment sec. 104 (d) read as follows: "Each enrollee must execute and file with the Director an affidavit that he does not believe in, and is not a member of and does not support any organization that believes in or teaches, the overthrow of the United States Government by force or violence or by any illegal or unconstitutional methods, and (2) each enrollee must take and subscribe to an oath or affirmation in the following form: 'I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the United States of America and will support and defend the Constitution and laws of the United States against all its enemies foreign and domestic.' The provisions of section 1001 of title 18, United States Code, shall be applicable with respect to such affidavits."

3 This subsection added by sec. 103 of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1966, 80 Stat. 1452. 4 This subsection added by sec. 104 of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1966, 80 Stat. 1452. 5 This subsection added by sec. 105 of the Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1966, 80 Stat. 1452.

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