DNA VaccinesMark W. Saltzman, Hong Shen, Janet L. Brandsma Springer Science & Business Media, 2008 M02 2 - 384 pages In the early 1990s, almost 200 yr after Edward Jenner demonstrated the effectiveness of the smallpox vaccine, a new paradigm for vaccination emerged. The conventional method of vaccination required delivery of whole pathogens or structural subunits, but in this new approach, DNA or genetic information was administered to elicit an immunological response. Once it was observed that plasmid DNA delivered in vivo led to production of an encoded transgene (1), two ground-breaking studies demonstrated that immunological responses could be generated against antigenic transgenes via plasmid DNA delivered by DNA vaccination (as this approach is called) (2,3). The appe- ance of this new vaccination strategy coincided with advances in molecular biology, which provided new tools to study and manipulate the basic elements of an organism’s genome and also could also be applied to the design and production of DNA vaccines. DNA Vaccines is a major updated and enhancement of the first edition. It reviews state-of-the-art methods in DNA vaccine technology, with chapters describing DNA vaccine design, delivery systems, adjuvants, current appli- tions, methods of production, and quality control. Consistent with the approach of the Methods in Molecular Medicine series, these chapters contain detailed practical procedures on the latest DNA vaccine technology. The enthusiasm for DNA vaccine technology is made clear by the number of research studies published on this topic since the mid-1990s. |
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... protein expression and to augment immunogenicity. Key Words: Molecular cloning; protection; immunotherapy; vaccine gene; oncoproteins; transcription; protein synthesis; DNA uptake; immunogenicity. 1. Introduction DNA vaccination is a ...
... protein expression and to augment immunogenicity. Key Words: Molecular cloning; protection; immunotherapy; vaccine gene; oncoproteins; transcription; protein synthesis; DNA uptake; immunogenicity. 1. Introduction DNA vaccination is a ...
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... protein expression, and (4) augmentation of protein expression and immunogenicity. All modifi- cations described here are made at the level of molecular cloning (see Note 1). 3.1. Selection of a Vaccine Gene The first aspect of ...
... protein expression, and (4) augmentation of protein expression and immunogenicity. All modifi- cations described here are made at the level of molecular cloning (see Note 1). 3.1. Selection of a Vaccine Gene The first aspect of ...
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... proteins and oncoproteins. For example, the HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins are excellent targets for vaccination but also ... protein. The scrambled gene encodes a dysfunc- tional oncogene that maintains all of its immunogenic epitopes (8) ...
... proteins and oncoproteins. For example, the HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins are excellent targets for vaccination but also ... protein. The scrambled gene encodes a dysfunc- tional oncogene that maintains all of its immunogenic epitopes (8) ...
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... Protein Expression To demonstrate that the newly constructed vector expresses the vaccine gene, expression is analyzed in transiently transfected mammalian cells. The pcDNA3 vector offers an advantage in this regard because it contains ...
... Protein Expression To demonstrate that the newly constructed vector expresses the vaccine gene, expression is analyzed in transiently transfected mammalian cells. The pcDNA3 vector offers an advantage in this regard because it contains ...
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... Protein Synthesis The level of protein expression is determined by the rate of translation. One approach to increasing translation is to modify the codons of a vaccine gene, without modifying the protein sequence it encodes (14). Codon ...
... Protein Synthesis The level of protein expression is determined by the rate of translation. One approach to increasing translation is to modify the codons of a vaccine gene, without modifying the protein sequence it encodes (14). Codon ...
Contents
11 | |
A Stress ProteinFacilitated Antigen Expression System | 41 |
Weiwen Jiang Charles F Reich and David S Pisetsky | 55 |
Delivery of DNA Vaccines Using Electroporation | 73 |
and Methodology | 83 |
Sylvia van Drunen Littelvan den Hurk Shawn Babiuk | 91 |
for DNA Vaccine Delivery | 107 |
Subcellular Trafficking Pathways by Indirect | 127 |
Sandra Scheiblhofer Richard Weiss Maximilian Gabler | 221 |
Immunological Responses of Neonates and Infants | 239 |
DNA Vaccines for Allergy Treatment | 253 |
Protection From Autoimmunity by DNA Vaccination | 269 |
Immune Mechanisms | 281 |
DNA VACCINE PRODUCTION PURIFICATION AND QUALITY | 293 |
Production of Plasmid DNA in Industrial Quantities According | 339 |
LargeScale Nonchromatographic Purification of Plasmid | 351 |
Adjuvant Properties of CpG Oligonucleotides in Primates | 139 |
Complexes of DNA Vaccines With Cationic Antigenic Peptides | 159 |
PrimeBoost Strategies in DNA Vaccines | 171 |
Modifying Professional AntigenPresenting Cells to Enhance | 199 |
Assuring the Quality Safety and Efficacy of DNA Vaccines | 363 |
Index | 375 |
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Common terms and phrases
acid activation adjuvants antibody antigen antigen-specific APCs approx assay bacterial DNA Biojector buffer cationic CD8+ T cells cellular centrifuge chromatography clinical trials cloning codon coli concentration conjugation containing cover slips CpG motifs CpG ODN culture cytokine delivery dendritic cells detection diluted DL-DNA DNA vaccines electroporation ELISPOT encoding endotoxin enhance enzyme epitopes ethanol expression filter g/mL gene gun genomic human immune responses immunogenicity Immunol immunostimulatory Incubate induce injection Invitrogen lysate lysis macaques medium Methods and Protocols MHC class mice microspheres Molecular molecules mouse mRNA needle-free neonates Note oligodeoxynucleotides oligonucleotides optimal PBMC pDNA pellet peptide plasmid DNA plate PLGA Prepare priming production protein purification Qiagen receptor recombinant Resuspend room temperature RPMI sample sequence serum solution specific sterile stimulation strategies supernatant syringe T-cell T-cell responses target tion tissue transfected tube tumor vector viral virus vitro vivo Wash µg/mL