II. PROCEDURES FOR PREVENTING AND DETECTING ETHICAL MISCONDUCT

II.a

PROCEDURES

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GENERAL DISCUSSION

269. American Historical Association. "Addendum on Policies and Practices," Perspectives, Volume 26 (March 1988), p. 4. Update on activities of AHA Committee on Professional Conduct.

270. American Historical Association. "AHA Statement on Standards of Professional Conduct," Perspectives, Volume 25 (September 1987), pp. 4-6. Statement by AHA Committee on Professional Conduct.

271. American Historical Association. "Statement on Plagiarism," Perspectives, Volume 24 (October 1986), p. 7. Statement by an AHA Committee, published in the AHA newsletter.

272. Brownlee, Bonnie J. "Coping with Plagiarism Requires Several Strategies," Journalism Educator, Volume 41 (Winter 1987), pp. 25-29. Plagiarism in undergraduate journalism suggested remedies.

courses

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273. Greene, Penelope J., Jane S. Durch, Wendy Horwitz, and Valwyn S. Hooper. "Policies for Responding to Allegations of Fraud in Research," Minerva, Volume 23 (Summer 1985), pp. 203-215.

274. Huth, Edward J. "Guidelines on Authorship of Medical Papers," Annals of Internal Medicine, Volume 104 (February 1986), pp. 269-274. Guidelines proposed by International Committee of Medical Journal Editors; reprinted in Entry 75. 275. Miers, Mary L. "Current NIH Perspectives on Misconduct in Science," American Psychologist, Volume 40 (July 1985), pp. 831-835.

to Charges of Unethical Research Practices: University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine. II -- Report of the Faculty ad hoc Committee to Investigate Research Fraud," Minerva, Volume 25 (Winter 1987), pp. 502-512. Reprint of two reports from the University of California investigation of Robert A. Slutsky.

277. "The Morality of Scientists.

The University of Chicago: The

Committee on Honesty in Research. Guidelines for
Investigation of Allegations of Dishonesty in Research,"
Minerva, Volume 25 (Autumn 1987), pp. 358-361.

278. President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical Research. Whistleblowing in

Biomedical Research: Policies and Procedures for Responding to Reports of Misconduct, Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1982. Sixteen articles and commentaries on how to handle allegations of misconduct, including fraud.

279. Steneck, Nicholas H. "The University and Research Ethics," Science, Technology, & Human Values, Volume 9 (Fall 1984), pp. 6-15. Discusses procedures adopted at the University of

Michigan.

280. University of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studies. The Role of the Dissertation in Doctoral Education at the University of Michigan. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan, July 1976.

281. University of Michigan, Joint Task Force on Integrity of Scholarship. Maintaining the Integrity of Scholarship. Arbor, MI: University of Michigan, June 1984.

Ann

282. Grouse, Lawrence D. "Dealing with Alleged Fraud in Medical Research, " Journal of the American Medical Association, Volume 248 (1 October 1982), pp. 1637-1638.

283. Galasso, George J.

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"Response, Science, Volume 235 (27
March 1987), p. 1561. Responds to letter from Rosen and
Hoffman [Entry 286].

284. Grob, Gerald N. "Response to the 'Statement on

Plagiarism'," Perspectives, Volume 25 (February 1987), p. 9.
Responds to statement by American Historical Association
Committee [see Entries 269-271].

285. Mishkin, Barbara. "Dealing with Alleged Fraud in Medical Research," Journal of the American Medical Association, Volume 249, (4 March 1983), p. 1150.

286. Rosen, Michael R., and Brian F. Hoffman. "NIH Fraud Guidelines," Science, Volume 235 (27 March 1987), p. 1561.

287. Beardsley, Tim. "New Public Health Service Policy," Nature, Volume 321 (26 June 1986), p. 804. Policy announced by PHS. 288. Broad, William J. "NIH Grapples with Misconduct," Science, Volume 217 (16 July 1982), p. 227. NIH guidelines for investigating fraud.

289. Broad, William J. "Yale Adopts Plan to Handle Charges of Fraud," Science, Volume 212 (17 April 1981), p. 311.

290. Broad, William J. "Yale Announces Plan to Handle Charges of Fraud," Science, Volume 218 (1 October 1982), p. 37. Discussion of how university will investigate allegations against Vijay Soman.

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291. Cordes, Colleen. "NSF Issues Regulations Governing Allegations of Scientific Misconduct, The Chronicle of Higher Education, Volume 33 (8 July 1987), p. 7.

292. Cordes, Colleen. "Proposed Rules Allow NSF Action against Researchers before Completion of Probes," The Chronicle of Higher Education, Volume 33 (18 February 1987), p. 7.

293. Culliton, Barbara J. "AAMC Speaks on Coping with Fraud, Science, Volume 217 (16 July 1982), pp. 226-228. Procedures for U.S. medical schools.

294. Hanson, David. "NSF Issues Policies on Misconduct in Research," Chemical & Engineering News, Volume 65 (3 August 1987), p. 20. Describes new NSF regulations for handling allegations of misconduct in NSF-funded research.

295. Holden, Constance. "Health Service Unveils Fraud Policy," Science, Volume 233 (18 July 1986), pp. 278-279.

296. Norman, Chris. "Reduce Fraud in Seven Easy Steps," Science, Volume 224 (11 May 1984), p. 581. NIH suggestions for institutional investigations.

297. Powledge, Tabitha M. "Misconduct Plan Due?," The Scientist, Volume 1 (5 October 1987), pp. 1 and 8. Cooperative project of AAAS-ABA may draft guidelines.

298. "Statement Concerning Research Fraud," Cardiovascular Research, Volume 21 (1987), p. 240. University of

California committee calls on Robert A. Slutsky's coauthors to verify accuracy of articles questioned by fraud investigation.

299. Sun, Marjorie. "NIH Developing Policy on Misconduct," Science, Volume 216 (14 May 1982), pp. 711-712.

300. Wheeler, David L. "Government Increases Reliance on

Universities to Detect and Probe Fraud by Own Researchers; Critics Are Wary," The Chronicle of Higher Education, Volume 34 (14 October 1987), pp. A4-A5, A9.

301. Wheeler, David L. "Proposed NIH Rules on Science Fraud Are Sent Back to Drawing Board," The Chronicle of Higher Education, Volume 34 (1 June 1988), p. A4.

Scholarly

302. American Council of Learned Societies. Communication: The Report of the National Enquiry. York: American Council of Learned Societies, 1978. on the state of scholarly publishing.

New
Reports

303. Armstrong, J. Scott. "Research in Scientific Journals: Implications for Editors and Authors," Journal of Forecasting, Volume 1 (1982), pp. 83-104. Reviews editorial policies and calls for more research on author-editor relations.

304. Bailer, John C., III, and Kay Patterson. "Journal Peer Review: The Need for a Research Agenda," New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 312 (1985), pp. 654-657. Proposes research agenda for peer review.

305. Baker, Dale B. "Recent Trends in Chemical Literature Growth," Chemical & Engineering News, Volume 59 (1 June 1981), pp. 29-34. Reviews the growth in scientific and technical journals publishing; similar reports printed in subsequent issues of publication.

306. Barnes, J. A. Who Should Know What? Social Science, Privacy and Ethics. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Discusses ethical questions in research; see Chapter 7 on "Communicating Results."

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307. Brackbill, Yvonne, and Andre E. Hellegers. "Ethics and Editors, The Hastings Center Report, Volume 10 (February 1980), pp. 20-22. Followed by commentaries by Arnold Relman, Erwin Neter, Alfred Yankauer, and Eleanor Singer.

308. Broad, William J. "Crisis in Publishing: Credit or Credibility," Bioscience, Volume 32 (September 1982), pp. 645-647. Links "paper inflation" to fraud, as part of general analysis of proliferation of journals and articles. 309. Chaney, Jerry D. "New Copyright Law Gives Authors Little Cause for Rejoicing," Journalism Quarterly, Volume 55 (Autumn 1978), pp. 515-517. Copyright law as it affects authorship.