Perspectives for Agronomy: Adopting Ecological Principles and Managing Resource UseM.K. van Ittersum, S.C. van de Geijn Elsevier, 1997 M12 11 - 363 pages During the 4th ESA-Congress, held in the Netherlands, 7-11 July 1996, a new perspective for agronomy emerged. Various contributions demonstrate the need for a new role of agronomy and its tools. In recent decades, agriculture has evolved from an activity with mainly productivity aims, into an issue conciliating environmental, agricultural, and economic and social objectives. Placing agriculture in such a broadened perspective requires a different agronomy, with new tools and approaches at a range of aggregration levels. It calls for detailed knowledge concerning the functioning, productivity and ecological relationships of agricultural plants and crops. In addition, it calls for a constant update and synthesis of existing and newly generated knowledge, the design of new ideotypes and genotypes, new production technologies, cropping systems, farming systems and agro-ecological land use systems. This proceedings book presents a set of case studies illustrating the various agronomic tools that can be used for specific agronomic questions. The case studies are grouped in sections illustrating relevant subquestions in developing an agriculture with broadened objectives. The book starts with an introductory paper on the role of agronomy in research and education in Europe. The second section deals with agricultural land use, food security and environment. This is followed by a set of papers describing experimental research and modeling approaches used to design new ideotypes of crops, including physiological properties in relation to growth factors such as radiation, CO2, temperature and water. Sustained soil fertility directly links to nutrient cycling and soil organic matter. A selected set of papers addresses the improvements in resource use efficiency and as such their contribution towards economic, environmental and agricultural objectives. The final section addresses the design of integrated and ecological arable farming systems. It highlights the role of prototyping interaction with leading-edge farmers, as promising tools to design, implement and test new farming systems. It is hoped that the activities of the European Society for Agronomy and the Proceedings of its 4th Congress will stimulate to serve the new perspectives of agronomy, i.e. to adopt ecological principles, to optimally manage the use of resources and to meet social and economic objectives. |
From inside the book
Results 1-5 of 52
... biomass in August. Foliage biomass was estimated using the allometric relations established per species by Hiernaux et al. (1992). Measurements were done for four trees of both Acacia seyal and Sclerocarya birrea, twice a month, at 8 ...
... biomass and grain yield. In all 4 years, the increase in grain yield from doubling [CO3] was negated by an increase in mean seasonal temperature of only 1.0-2.0°C. Year-to-year variation in the responses of biomass and grain yield to ...
... biomass accumulation is larger at higher temperatures (see Rawson, 1992, 1995), so that the final outcome on yield of these two key aspects of global environmental change, temperature and CO2 needs clarification and quantification ...
... biomass and yield to. on 8 January and 24 November 1992, 8 November 1993 and 30 November 1994 into a sandy loam soil to provide uniform stands of 250–300 plants m* (Table 1). Four 20 m by 1.75 m areas were sown in each experiment, and a ...
... biomass Crop above-ground biomass at maturity declined linearly with increasing seasonal mean temperature (P<0.001; Fig. 2a,c,d), with the exception of the 1992/1993 season which had a limited range of temperature (P -> 0.1; Fig. 2b) ...
Contents
17 | |
65 | |
Section 4 MANAGING RESOURCE USE | 169 |
Section 5 DESIGNING FARMING SYSTEMS | 291 |
Author Index | 361 |
Subject index | 363 |