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COMMENTARIES
ON THE LAW OF
PRIVATE CORPORATIONS
WHETHER
WITH OR WITHOUT CAPITAL STOCK,
ALSO OF
JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES
AND OF ALL THE
VARIOUS VOLUNTARY UNINCORPORATED ASSOCIATIONS ORGANIZED FOR PECUNIARY PROFIT OR MUTUAL BENEFIT.
BY
CHARLES FISK BEACH, JR.,
OF THE NEW YORK BAR,
AUTHOR OF "CONTRIBUTORY Negligence,' "COMMENTARIES ON THE LAW OF RECEIVERS," THE LAW OF WILLS" AND "THE MODERN LAW
404. Incidental powers of railways-(a) To run steamboats
405. (b) To do other connecting business
667
668
406. (c) Connected business that is not allowable
409.
408. (e) Traffic arrangements
Binding effect of traffic arrangements
410. Changing the motive power of street railways
CHAPTER XXI.
POWERS OF FOREIGN CORPORATIONS.
673
675
677
$421. Introductory
422. Ultra vires as a defense
423. Defense by a corporation which has received benefits
424. Defense against a corporation which has given benefits
425. Ultra vires contracts executed.
436. The remedies for ultra vires acts
437. When the minority can not have recourse to the courts
438. Illegal corporate acts .
439. The same subject continued
CHAPTER XXIII.
TORTS AND CRIMES.
Libel.
.
450. The same subject continued — Joinder of parties
451.
740
452. Libel by mercantile reporting agencies
742
472. Whether directors may act under the enabling statute
473. Stockholders' right to subscribe to new stock
768
769
474. The same subject continued
771
480.
482. (c) By refunding.
490.
475. Liability of holders of the new shares
476. Liability upon new shares issued as a bonus
477. Increase by stock dividends
478. The power to issue stock dividends
-
Reduction of capital stock — (a) Authority necessary
481. (b) By purchase of shares
483. Loss of property not a reduction of capital stock
484. Liability of shareholders after reduction
485. Irregularly issued stock - How far valid
486. The same subject continued
487. False certificates .
488. Forged certificates
489. Liability for fraudulent issue
Over-issued stock
491. Fraudulently over-issued stock invalid
492. Personal liability of corporate agents over-issuing stock
493. Measure of damages for over-issuing stock.
494. Liability of holders of over-issued stock — (a) In general
495. (b) Estoppel
496. (c) Knowledge of the creditor
772
774
776
777