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COST OF RESEARCH

Senator COTTON. I have just one more question.

Referring specifically to the field of research, the cost of research in fiscal 1967 will be larger, will it not, than the cost in 1966? I mean specifically what you have to pay for projects?

Mr. GARDNER. Yes, there is a normal increase.
Senator COTTON. Is it a fairly substantial one?

Mr. GARDNER. There have been studies of the percentages.

Mr. KELLY. Some of the previous studies and some of the quotations would indicate that the cost for maintaining the same level might go up by as high as 15 percent a year. We believe this 15 percent a year is largely related to a period during which the academic salary levels were catching up with the price rises which had occurred in the economy, and we would not predict that the future percent of increase would grow this greatly.

There are also other elements that affect this cost; for example, improved instrumentation when technology is developed and also the increasing use of auxiliary personnel in research. It is no longer just the professional in his laboratory, but we find larger scale multidisciplinary projects supported by other individuals. The precise budgetary impact of these elements is difficult to determine.

What we have done in presenting the budget to you is to price out the cost of continuing all the projects that are underway and for which we have a moral commitment to continue and then we have estimated a price associated with a number of new projects which is slightly larger than the number of new projects we can support this year.

INCREASE IN RESEARCH ACTIVITY

Senator COTTON. To get this down to something a layman can understand, if this commitee and the Congress grants-and I am now talking about the field of research in the field of heart, stroke, and cancerappropriates exactly what you and the Bureau of the Budget are asking for, will it result, in your opinion-and I understand this is perhaps only an educated guess-in more, less, or the same amount of research activity in 1967 that you had in 1966?

Mr. KELLY. Slightly more.

Mr. GARDNER. Yes, sir; it will result in more.

There is enough gain right along the line to take care of this normal increase in cost and still expand the program.

Senator COTTON. But not as much expansion as was contemplated when you were in here last year or when the Department was in here? Mr. GARDNER. That is right.

REQUEST FOR CONSTRUCTION OF HEALTH RESEARCH FACILITIES

Senator HILL. This $21 million figure for your health research facilities, $6 million of that is for centers for mental retardation.

Mr. GARDNER. That is correct.

Senator HILL. And that figure was not included in the $50 million figure we appropriated in the past?

Mr. CARDWELL. That is correct; $21 million would go for direct grants to research and facilities, of which $15 million would be for medical schools in keeping with a policy in the budget to support manpower development wherever possible.

Senator HILL. The $15 million corresponds with the $50 million which we have appropriated?

Mr. KELLY. That is right.

AMOUNT OF REDUCTION

Senator HILL. The $50 million figure we had before increased to $100 million. So what we have here really is a reduction from $100 million down to $15 million.

Mr. KELLY. That is correct. It is $85 million less that the authorization, and $35 million less than the current fiscal year.

Senator HILL. $85 million less than the authorization and $35 million less than the $50 million we had appropriated in the past; is that right?

Mr. KELLY. That is right.

Senator BARTLETT. In order words, the Bureau of the Budget had "brutalized" that.

Senator HILL. That would seem that way to me.

Senator COTTON. You need not answer this question if it embarrasses you, but do you think this is the best place for this Government to economize?

Mr. GARDNER. I think we had to make some very difficult choices this year, Senator.

Senator COTTON. We will let it lay there.

Mr. GARDNER. I fully support this cut.

Senator HILL. It seems to me that Senator Bartlett has put his hand on the matter when he uses the expression "brutal" when you reduce it not only from the $100 million to the $50 million but down to the $21 million.

Do you expect that figure to remain steady?

Mr. GARDNER. I have not had experience to say.

Senator COTTON. He can plead the fifth amendment on that one.

Senator HILL. With all of these other funds, all of which I am strongly for and have advocated through the years, as has my friend Senator Cotton, or as my friend from Alaska suggested, with the physical facilities, you have those physical facilities to carry on your research.

You may proceed, Mr. Secretary.

WATER POLLUTION CONTROL

Mr. GARDNER. Mr. Chairman, I would like to turn to the area of environmental health and consumer protection.

Since the Federal Water Pollution Control Act became law, over 5,000 waste treatment facilities have been constructed and an additional 900 now under construction will be completed by the end of 1967. Last year, the Congress amended the Act to raise the authorization for construction support. The 1965 amendments also authorized a new program of research and demonstration projects dealing with sewer overflow and storm water control, and our 1967 budget seeks the full authorization.

In direct Federal operations, the largest increases in the 1967 budget are for developing comprehensive river basin pollution control programs to provide a regulated supply of clean water for all legitimate uses. The 1967 budget provides for initiating four new development phase projects and expanding six existing projects.

In addition, by the end of 1967 it is anticipated that five water laboratories will be completed and in operation. Under new legislation we propose to strengthen enforcement procedures, including registration of all wastes discharged into navigable rivers. Expansion of research, training, and control programs is also proposed, with greater support for demonstration of new techniques for advanced

waste treatment.

AIR POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION

The Clean Air Act Amendments and Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965 are aimed at strengthening our ability to combat the contamination of our environment by giving us the authority to control air pollution from new motor vehicles and to support projects for the planning, development, and conduct of solid waste disposal programs. We have already published standards to control air pollution from new motor vehicles. The 1967 budget requests substantial increases for all parts of the air pollution program, and for the solid waste disposal program.

CONSUMER PROTECTION

The authority of the Food and Drug Administration to control the illicit distribution of dangerous psychotoxic drugs was expanded in legislation approved last year. In 1967, we are requesting a very substantial staffing expansion for the Food and Drug Administration, principally for drug abuse control activities, medical and scientific evaluation of drugs and other industry proposals, and education and voluntary compliance activities.

PUBLIC WELFARE

Our programs of vocational rehabilitation, social insurance, income. maintenance, and the new programs for the aging all reflect the basic concern of this Department for human well-being and personal development.

VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION

The Vocational Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1965 will enable us to expand rapidly our potential for achieving rehabilitation. A change in the matching formula under the basic Federal-State support program will result in a very substantial increase in Federal support. The amendments also establish new programs to help States plan for expanding rehabilitation services, construct rehabilitation facilities and workshops and improve workshop programs to bring about a capacity for rehabilitation of larger numbers of persons. We estimate that with this new authority, the number of persons rehabilitated will increase from 135,000 in 1965 to 207,500 in 1957. Our 1967 budget also includes a higher level of support for the training program, particularly for long-term traineeships.

In a related development, the 1965 social security amendments for the first time provided for the payment from trust funds for vocational rehabilitation services to disability insurance beneficiaries. This program is also being administered by the Vocational Rehabilitation Administration.

Senator COTTON. By rehabilitation, that means retraining?

Mr. GARDNER. Yes.

INSERVICE AND ON JOB TRAINING PROGRAMS

Senator COTTON. Could you insert in the record how many programs in your Department are concerned with vocational training or retraining-I am not suggesting overlapping necessarily-but how many separate, different programs are running on-the-job training? Mr. GARDNER. We would be glad to develop that for the record, Senator Cotton.

Senator HILL. It may be placed in the record at this point. (The information follows:)

Title of appropriation

Office of Education:

Program

(Vocational training for persons who have entered the labor market.

Expansion and improvement of voca- Work-study program for vocational

tional education.

students.

Elementary and secondary educa- Inservice training of State departtional activities.

Higher educational activities______

ments of education personnel. Inservice training of persons in public service programs to assist in solution of community programs.

Inservice training of persons in library and information sciences. Inservice training of faculty at developing institutions.

Inservice training of National Teachers Corps members.

2-year fellowships for experienced elementary and secondary teachers. Institutes for training higher education faculty in use of educational media equipment.

Defense educational activities______ Inservice training of State educational

supervisory

personnel in certain

critical subject areas.

Institutes for training school counseling personnel.

1-year fellowships and summer training for teachers of foreign language. Institutes for training elementary and secondary teachers in selected subjects.

Educational improvement for the 1-year fellowships and traineeships for handicapped.

Research and training--

Educational research (special for-
eign currency program).
Foreign language training and area
studies___

Vocational Rehabilitation Administra

tion:

persons involved in teaching of the handicapped.

Fellowships and training grants for educational teachers.

Overseas study grants for educational personnel in foreign areas and languages.

Grants for rehabilitation services Basic Federal-State rehabilitation supand facilities.

Research and training---.

ports training and retraining of the disabled; under the workshop improvement program, workshop training is supported.

Inservice training of State vocational rehabilitation agency staff; workshops, seminars, institutes, and other training courses of brief duration to keep professional personnel working in various fields abreast of new developments in medicine and

rehabilitation.

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Public Health Service: Injury control, Inservice training for professional pubChronic disease and health of the aged, lic health personnel in these areas. Community health practice and research, Comunicable disease activities, Control of tuberculosis, Control of venereal diseases, Dental services and resources, Medical care services, Nursing services and resources, Environmental health sciences, Air pollution, Environmental engineering and sanitation, Occupational health, Radiological health, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Mental Health, National Heart Institute, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness.

Federal Water Pollution Control Administration: Water supply and water pollution control.

Welfare Administration:

Short-term inservice training of State and other personnel in the water pollution field.

Grants to States for Public Assist- Inservice training of State welfare

ance.

agency staff.

Grants for maternal and child Inservice training of State child welwelfare. fare personnel.

Juvenile delinquency and youth Workshop and short-term inservice offenses.

Administration on Aging----

training for persons working in the field of juvenile delinquency. Short-term inservice training for persons working in the field of aging.

SOCIAL SECURITY

Senator HILL. You may proceed, Mr. Secretary.

Mr. GARDNER. I have already mentioned the new health insurance and rehabilitation programs established in the 1965 Social Security Amendments. The amendments also affected other parts of the social insurance programs. The new law provided the first general increase in social security cash benefits since 1958. The amendments also liberalized the definition of disability, and provided for the continuation of benefits to disabled workers' children who attend school after reaching age 18. With the changes in the law, we estimate that in 1967 about 22.7 million persons will have received over $20.8 billion in old-age, survivors, and disability insurance benefits.

PUBLIC ASSISTANCE

The 1965 Social Security Act Amendments also made significant improvements in Federal programs to provide money payments to needy individuals and families and expanded authorizations for social welfare services needed by these persons as well as others in our society. Under the public assistance programs, part of the increased Federal requirements in fiscal year 1967 are related to newly authorized program changes designed to stimulate States and localities to make more adequate payments to needy recipients, to provide greater incentives to recipients who have the potential to seek employment and

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