forces of the United States (or property of such members) when such members are traveling on official duty;" following "or on its behalf."

Effective date.-Section 2 of Act Dec. 12, 1945, cited to text, provided: "The amendment made by section 1 of this Act (Dec. 12, 1945, cited to text) shall take effect October 1, 1946: Provided, however, That any travel or transportation specifically contracted for prior to such effective date shall be paid for at the rate, fare, or charge in effect at the time of entering into such contract of carriage or shipment."

Former section 65, relating to prison made goods, is now section 60 of this title. It was from Act Jan. 19, 1949, ch. 79, § 1, 45 Stat. 1084.

TITLE 50.-WAR

COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE

§ 5. Reports of subordinate bodies and committees; unvouchered expenditures.-Reports shall be submitted by all subordinate bodies and by the advisory commission to the council, and from time to time the council shall report to the President or to the heads of executive departments upon special inquiries or subjects appropriate thereto. When deemed proper the President may authorize, in amounts stipulated by him, unvouchered expenditures. (As amended Aug. 7, 1946, ch. 770, § 1 (53), 60 Stat. 870.)

1946 Amendment.-Act Aug. 7, 1946, cited to text, amended section by repealing all provisions requiring annual reports to Congress of the Council's activities and expenditures.

ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIC RAW MATERIALS

§ 98. Declaration of policy.-The natural resources of the United States in certain strategic and critical materials being deficient or insufficiently developed to supply the industrial, military, and naval needs of the country for common defense, it is the policy of the Congress and the purpose and intent of section 98-98g of this title and section 1623 of Appendix to this title to provide for the acquisition and retention of stocks of these materials and to encourage the conservation and development of sources of these materials within the United States, and thereby decrease and prevent wherever possible a dangerous and costly dependence of the United States upon foreign nations for supplies of these materials in times of national emergency. (June 7, 1939, ch. 190, § 1, 53 Stat. 811, amended July 23, 1946, ch. 590, 60 Stat. 596.)

Act July 23, 1946, cited to text, amended section to broaden it by inserting "and retention" following "acquisition" and "conservation and'' preceding "development".

Short title.-Congress provided by section 10 of act July 23, 1946, cited to text, that sections 98-98g of this title and section 1623 (c) of appendix to this title, should be popularly known as the "Strategic and Critical Materials Stock Piling Act."

Maintenance of domestic rubber producing industry.-Act Mar. 29, 1947, ch. 24, 61 Stat. 24, provided:

"Section 1. Findings of fact and declaration of policy. (a) Natural rubber, which includes all forms and types of tree, vine, and shrub rubber, is a highly strategic and critical material, deficient and incapable, as a result of climatic conditions in the United States, of sufficient development as a natural resource of the United States in quantities adequate to supply the industrial, military, and naval needs of the country for the common defense. Natural rubber is at present in short supply and is expected to continue in short supply for some months to come, and thus the supplies of natural rubber must be augmented by the use of large quantities of synthetic rubber, a product of chemical synthesis. "Congress, in the enactment of the Strategic and Critical Materials Stock Piling Act (Public Law 520, Seventy-ninth Congress) [sections 98-98h of this title], has heretofore declared it the policy of the United States and the purpose of that Act to provide for the acquisition and retention of stocks of strategic and critical materials, including natural rubber, so as to prevent so far as possible a dangerous and costly dependence of the United States upon foreign

nations for supplies of these materials in times of national emergency. Further, natural rubber, when stock piled and held in storage, must be rotated and replaced from time to time by equivalent quantities of fresh material. By reason of the foregoing, a program with respect to rubber must be devised which will supplement that heretofore adopted in the Strategic and Critical Materials Stock Piling Act [said sections].

(b) It is the policy of the United States that there shall be maintained at all times in the interest of the national security and common defense, in addition to stock piles of natural rubber which are to be acquired, rotated, and retained pursuant to the Strategic and Critical Materials Stock Piling Act (Public Law 520, Seventy-ninth Congress, approved July 23, 1946) [said sections], a technologically advanced and rapidly expandible domestic rubberproducing industry of sufficient productive capacity to assure the availability in times of national emergency of adequate supplies of domestically produced rubber to meet the industrial, military, and naval needs of the country.

"(e) It is necessary in the public interest and to promote the national defense (1) that Congress make a thorough study and investigation of means of accomplishing such policy through the enactment of permanent legislation, the study and investigation to be completed within such time as will permit the legislation to be enacted, during the first session of the Eightieth Congress; and (2) that, pending the enactment of such permanent legislation, the United States continue allocation, specification, and inventory controls of natural and synthetic rubber and natural and synthetic rubber products and the authority of the United States to manufacture and sell synthetic rubber be continued.

"Section 2. Temporary retention of certain emergency powers with respect to rubber. To effectuate the purposes set forth in section 1 (c) hereof

"(a) Notwithstanding the provisions of title XV of the Second War Powers Act, 1942, as amended [section 645 of Appendix to this title], title III of such Act [section 633 of Appendix to this title] and the amendments to existing law made by such title, shall remain in force until the effective date of permanent legislation enacted to accomplish the policy set forth in section 1 (b) hereof, but in no event beyond March 31, 1948, insofar as such provisions authorize allocation, specification, and inventory controls of natural and synthetic rubber and natural and synthetic-rubber products (including import control of synthetic rubber and natural- and synthetic-rubber products, but excluding import control of natural rubber), and it is hereby directed that, to the extent necessary to accomplish the purposes of this joint resolution, the powers, functions, duties, and authority under the provisions so continued shall be exercised and performed until that date: Provided, That the President may continue allocation, specification, and inventory control of natural and synthetic rubber and natural- and synthetic-rubber products and import control of synthetic rubber and natural-and synthetic-rubber products in the public interest and to carry out the purposes of this joint resolution, notwithstanding any changes in the supply or estimated supply of natural rubber.

(b) The powers, functions, duties, and authority of the United States to manufacture (including the conduct of research essential to the development of the synthetic-rubber industry) and sell synthetic rubber shall continue in force until the effective date of permanent legislation enacted to accomplish the policy set forth in section 1 (b) hereof but in no event beyond March 31, 1948. There shall not be declared as surplus nor shall War Assets Administration dispose of any synthetic-rubber plant and facilities costing the Government in excess of $5,000,000, until the effective date of permanent legislation enacted to accomplish the policy set forth in section 1 (b) hereof: Provided, That there shall be exempt from such disposal limitations the neoprene plant, styrene plants, the petrolum butadiene plant located at Toledo, Ohio, not to exceed two alcohol butadiene plants, and butadienestyrene type copolymer plants to the extent that the aggregate actual capacity of such copolymer plants remaining in Government ownership shall not be less than six hundred thousand long tons per year. It is hereby directed that the aforesaid powers, functions, duties, and authority of the United States to so manufacture and sell synthetic rubber shall be exercised and performed by Reconstruction Finance Corporation while that Corporation has succession and thereafter by such officer, agency, or instrumentality of the United States, as the President may designate: Provided further, That nothing herein shall be construed as precluding any other agency of Government from engaging in research authorized by law."

MAINTENANCE OF DOMESTIC TIN-SMELTING INDUSTRY Joint Res. June 28, 1947, ch. 159, 61 Stat. 190, provided:

"Section 1. Findings of fact and declaration of policy.-" (a) Tin is a highly strategic and critical material of which insufficient ore reserves exist in the United States and of which an adequate supply is vital to the Nation's industrial, military, and naval requirements for the common defense.

"(b) Tin is now and for the immediate future will remain in supply short of the requirements of this country's industrial, military, and naval needs.

"(c) It is necessary in the public interest and to promote the common defense that Congress make a thorough study and investigation regarding the advisability of the maintenance on a permanent basis of a domestic tin-smelting industry and to study the availability of supplies of tin adequate to meet the industrial, military, and naval requirement of the Nation in time of national emergency. "Section 2. Powers and duties of Reconstruction Finance Corporation; termination date. The powers, functions, duties, and authority of the United States heretofore exercised by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (1) to buy, sell, and transport tin, and tin ore and concentrates; (2) to improve, develop, maintain, and operate by lease or otherwise the Government-owned tin smelter at Texas City, Texas; (3) to finance research in tin smelting and processing; and (4) to do all other things necessary to the accomplishment of the foregoing shall continue in effect until June 30, 1949, or until such earlier time as the Congress shall otherwise provide, and shall be exercised and performed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation while that Corporation has succession, and thereafter by such officer, agency, or instrumentality of the United States as the President may designate.

"Section 3. Reports to Congress.-The Reconstruction Finance Corporation or the officer, agency, or instrumentality of the United States subsequently designated by the President shall render a full report to Congress on all its activities under this joint resolution not later than December 31, 1947, and at the end of each six months thereafter."

§ 98a. Strategic and critical materials; determination; quantity and quality to be purchased; formation and functions of industry advisory committees; subsistence and traveling expenses of members. (a) To effectuate the policy set forth in section 98 of this title. the Secretary of the Army, the Secretary of the Navy, and the Secretary of the Interior, acting jointly through the agency of the Army and Navy Munitions Board, are authorized and directed to determine, from time to time, which materials are strategic and critical under the provisions of sections 98-98h of this title and section 1623 (b) of Appendix to this title and to determine, from time to time, the quality and quantities of such materials which shall be stock piled under the provisions of said sections. In determining the materials which are strategic and critical and the quality and quantities of same to be acquired the Secretaries of State, Treasury, Agriculture, and Commerce shall each designate representatives to cooperate with the Secretary of the Army, the Secretary of the Navy, and the Secretary of the Interior in carrying out the provisions of said sections.

(b) To the fullest extent practicable the Secretary of the Army, the Secretary of the Navy, and the Secretary of the Interior, acting jointly, shall appoint industry advisory committees selected from the industries concerned with the materials to be stock piled. It shall be the general function of the industry advisory committees to advise with the Secretary of the Army, the Secretary of the Navy, and the Secretary of the Interior and with any agencies through which they may exercise any of their functions under said sections with respect to the purchase, sale, care, and handling of such materials. Members of the industry advisory committees shall receive a per diem allow

ance of not to exceed $10 for each day spent at conferences held upon the call of the Secretary of the Army, the Secretary of the Navy, and the Secretary of the Interior, plus necessary traveling and other expenses while so engaged. (June 7, 1939, ch. 190, § 2, 53 Stat. 811, amended July 23, 1946, ch. 590, 60 Stat. 596.)

Act July 23, 1946, cited to text, amended section by making former section subsec. (a) and adding subsec. (b) to provide for the creation of industry advisory committees.

§ 98b. Purchase, storage, refinement, rotation, and disposal of materials. The Secretary of the Army and the Secretary of the Navy shall direct the Secretary of the Treasury, through the medium of the Procurement Division of his Department, to

(a) make purchases of strategic and critical materials with due regard to the objectives set forth in section 98 of this title and pursuant to the determinations as provided in section 98a of this title, which purchases (1) shall be made, so far as is practicable, from supplies of materials in excess of the current industrial demand and (2) shall be made in accordance with sections 10a-10c of Title 41, but may be made without regard to section 5 of Title 41. A reasonable time (not to exceed one year) shall be allowed for production and delivery from domestic sources and in the case of any such material available in the United States but which has not been developed commercially, the Secretary of the Army and the Secretary of Navy may, if they find that the production of such material is economically feasible, direct the purchase of such material without requiring the vendor to give bond;

(b) provide for the storage, security, and maintenance of strategic and critical materials for stock-piling purposes on military and naval reservations or other locations, approved by the Secretary of the Army and the Secretary of the Navy;

(c) provide through normal commercial channels for the refining or processing of any materials acquired or transferred under sections 98-98h of this title and section 1623(b) of Appendix to this title when the Secretary of the Army and the Secretary of the Navy deem such action necessary to convert such materials into a form best suitable for stock piling, and such materials may be refined, processed, or otherwise beneficiated either before or after their transfer from the owning agency;

(d) provide for the rotation of any strategic and critical materials constituting a part of the stock pile where necessary to prevent deterioration by replacement of acquired stocks with equivalent quantities of substantially the same material with the approval of the Secretary of the Army and the Secretary of the Navy;

(e) dispose of any materials held pursuant to sections 98-98h of this title and section 1623 (b) of Appendix to this title which are no longer needed because of any revised determination made pursuant to section 98a of this title, as hereinafter provided. No such disposition shall be made until six months after publication in the Federal Register and transmission of a notice of the proposed disposition to the Congress and to the Military Affairs Committee of each House thereof. Such notice shall state the reasons for such revised determination, the amounts of the materials proposed to be released, the plan of