Garrett, Garet. The rising form of a planned economy. American affairs (N. Y.) Apr. 1945, v. 7: 71-78.

Contents: Considers the full employment bill as part of the planned economy the planners would have for us, and draws a parallel between the statements of the planners here with those in Germany and Italy.

Gragg, Charles I., and Stanley F. Teele. The proposed full-employment act. Harvard business review (N. Y.), Spring number, 1945, HF5001.H3

v. 23: 323-337.

Contents: Sketches background of bill, analyzes its contents, and points up some of the issues.

Hook, Frank E. Full-employment bill of 1945.. U. S. Congress. Daily congressional record, Apr. 5, 1945: A1781-A1784.

Contents: A summary of the full-employment bill, its purposes, and possibilities.

The "job budget." New York times, Jan. 6, 1945: 10.

Contents: An editorial rejoinder to Senator Murray's answer to the original Times editorial of Dec. 23, 1944.

"Jobs for all." Life (Chicago), Mar. 5, 1945, v. 18: 32.

AP2.L547

Conclusion: Something like the full-employment bill is needed, but it will not guarantee jobs for all. When jobs rather than "plenty" becomes the criterion of our economic system, capitalism will bow out. The government is a poor job creator, because it cannot generate creative ideas as can individuals depending on ideas for their living.

Keyserling, Leon H. From patchwork to purpose. Survey graphic (N. Y.), Mar. 1945, v. 34: 95-98. HV1.S 82. (Reprinted in U. S. Congress. Daily congressional record, Mar. 28, 1945: 2930-2932.)

Contents: Summarizes the need for, and provisions of, the bill. Shows how it might have prevented the depression of the thirties, and how it will not create the bureaucracy, etc., that might be expected.

Murray, James E. For full-employment bill. New York times, Jan. 6, 1945: 10.

Contents: An answer to the editorial of Dec. 23, 1944, opposing the fullemployment bill.

Full employment. U. S. Congress. Daily congressional record, Jan. 29, 1945: 557-559.

Contents: Letters from Leo T. Crowley, Edward R. Stettinius, Frances Perkins, Claude R. Wickard, Chester Bowles, and John B. Blandford, Jr.

Full employment and social security under a free-enterprise system. Daily congressional record, Apr. 24, 1945: A2041

A2015.

Contents: An explanation of the Full employment bill is included in this address.

Full employment and the wholesaler. U. S. Congress. Daily congressional record, June 13, 1945: A3059-3060. (Reprinted from Hosiery wholesaler, Mar. 1945.)

Contents: Brief discussion of the full employment bill with particular reference to its relationship to wholesale distributors and other businessmen.

Murray, James E. How can we make sure of post-war jobs for all? Free world (N. Y.), Mar. 1945, v. 9: 70-72. D410.F78

Contents: A summary of the need for, and provisions of, the full-employment bill.

Let's budget for jobs. American federationist (Washington), Jan. 1945, v. 52: 13-14.

HD8052.A5A2

Contents: Summary and purpose of the full-employment bill.

Questions and answers on the the full-employment bill. U. S. Congress. Daily congressional record, Jan. 22, 1945: 394–399. Contents: A review of what the bill does, and does not, do, and the reasons why it is needed.

Reconversion and full employment, address before the Chicago Reconversion Conference, May 24, 1945. Extension of remarks of Hon. Allen J. Ellender. Daily congressional record, May 31, 1945: A2801-A2802.

Contents: Explanation of the full employment bill and its background. The Murray bill. Commonweal (N. Y.), Feb. 23, 1945, v. 41: 459–460. AP2.C6897. (Reprinted in U. S. Congress. Daily congressional record, Feb. 28, 1945: A978-979.)

Conclusion: The preamble of the bill comes like a "breath of fresh air in our legislative thinking" but the means to be used are debatable. The Murray bill-Employment for what? Fortune (N. Y.), Apr. 1945, v. 31: 106-107. HF5001.F7

Contents: Questions the ability of the government to make the forecasts necessary to give effect to the bill, and further asks whether job-making is the proper criterion of government policy.

Parker, William. "Budgeted economy." Wall street journal, June 2, 1945: 1, 2.

Contents: Description of the Full Employment bill and plans of the Truman administration concerning it.

Ruml, Beardsley. Cooperation of government and business for prosperity. Commercial and financial chronicle (N. Y.), May 24, 1945, v. 161: 2277, 2306-2307. IIG1.C2

Conclusion: The full-employment bill is "the American expression of a world-wide recognition that the people, working together through their national Government, must protect the individual against the hazard of undeserved unemployment." It, standing alone, attempts to do too much and should be buttressed by other measures in the areas of public works, social security and taxation.

Sullivan, Mark. Jobs for all. Washington post, Mar. 16, 1945, p. 14.

Contents: Briefly explains the bill, and concludes that it would "require conformity by all business, farming and labor, State and local governments to a master plan set up and administered at Washington." Trussell, Charles P. Can prosperity be dictated? Nation's business (Washington), Apr. 1943, v. 33: 21-22. HF1.N4

Contents: A review of the "conflicting but positive decisions" about the full employment bill.

Union for democratic action. [Preliminary pages on the fullemployment bill]. Washington, Union for democratic action Washington bureau, 1945. 46 p. mim.

Contents: Analysis of the full-employment bill; recommendations for action by individuals and groups to further its passage; copy of the California State bill and resolution on full employment.

U. S. Congress. Senate. Committee on military affairs. War contracts subcommittee. Legislation for reconversion and full employment. Year-end report, Dec. 18, 1944. Washington, Govt. print. off., 1944. 23 p. (78th Cong., 2d sess. Senate subcommittee

print No. 12.)

Contents: A review of the background of the full employment bill, and reasons for it.

Wagner, Robert F. Address delivered before the ninth Federal savings and loan association, New York, N. Y., May 17, 1945, 5 p. mimco.

Contents: A brief explanation of the Full Employment Bill is given.

Summary of reports to the Banking and currency committee from thirty-one Federal agencies supplying their answers questions. Washington, Govt. print. off., 1945.

to

Contents: -Contains the answers of the agencies to the following four questions: I. "If we were assured of continuing full employment after the war, what might the effect be on the sectors of our economy with which your agency is concerned?" II. "If S. 380 were enacted by Congress, what might be the role of your agency in helping achieve continuing full employment?" III. "In the present planning of your agency's post-war activities what assumptions, if any, have you made with regard to the post-war level of the gross national product, the national income, and employment?" IV. "What specific improvements in S. 380 might be considered by the Banking and currency committee?"

Wallace, Henry A. Jobs for all. New republic (N. Y.), Jan. 29, 1945, v. 112: 138-140. AP2.N624

Contents: Reviews the reasons why he approves the principle of the fullemployment bill.

3. Government Planning

The necessity and direction of government planning is the subject matter of this subdivision. Some references also point out the danger of government planning.

Adams, James T. "Planners" see where planning leads. Barron's (N. Y.), v. 24, Jan. 31, 1944: 3.

HG1.B3

Contents: Planners now openly admit the direction that planning leads. Conclusion: Planners would throw away democracy. We would have a national economy run by government officials. The government would control the daily lives of the people.

Beveridge, William H. Full employment in a free society. New York, W. W. Norton, 1945. 429 p. HD5767.B42 1945

Conclusion: The essence of the policy for full employment is the setting up of a long-term program of planned outlay directed by social priorities and designed to give stability and expansion to the economic system (p. 29, 31). The main instrument of the policy is a new type of budget which would not only help determine public outlay but also influence private outlay. See especially p. 29-31, 150-151.

Copeland, Morris A. How to achieve full and stable employment. American economic review (Evanston, Ill.), March 1944, v. 34: 134-147. HB1.E26

Conclusion: 3 budgeting steps necessary for achieving full employment are: (1) to determine what surplus of prospective expenditure projects is available to raise the level of total business activity; (2) to plan additional public expenditure projects so as to provide such a surplus, if necessary, or alternatively, to provide incentives to additional business in the area of free production; and (3) to schedule the surplus so that it will raise the level of business activity, and at the same time provide for replenishing the surplus so as to avoid the danger that the level of business activity will be lowered again by exhaustion of the surplus.

Garrett, Garet. The rising form of a planned economy. American affairs (N. Y.), Apr. 1945, v. 7: 71-78.

Contents: A review of the background and history of planning in the United States. Draws a parallel between the statements of our "planners" and those of Germany and Italy.

Goldenweiser, E. A. Post-war problems and policies. Federal reserve bulletin (Washington), Feb. 1945, v. 31: 112-121.

HG2401.A5

Conclusion: Points out the need of having some person in the government for recommending over-all economic policies. Advisory committees should be drawn from the departments, Congress, and economic groups. Sce especially p. 117.

Great Britain. Ministry of Reconstruction. Employment policy. May 1944. London, H. M. Stationery Off., 1944. 31 p. (Command Paper 6527). HC256.4.G7A5 1944

Conclusion: Public investment can be used directly as an instrument of employment policy by the following procedure: local authorities will submit annually to the appropriate Department their program of capital expenditure for the next 5 years. These programs will be coordinated by an appropriate body, and will be adjusted, upward or downward, in the light of the latest information on the prospective employment situation. To slow down programs the Government can withhold loan sanctions or grants; to accelerate them, the Government can grant loan sanctions or otherwise facilitate finance. Method may be applied to programing capital expenditure by public utility companies. By this means the Government can set each year a target for the whole volume of public works in the succeding year. Hayek, Friedrich A. The road to serfdom. Chicago, University 250 p. HDS2.H38 1944a'

of Chicago press, 1944.

Conclusion: Sees a parallel between the direction planning is now taking the democracies and the way it led Germany and Italy. Lorwin, Lewis L. Time for planning. New York, Harper & brothers, 1945. 273 p. HC106.4.L65

Contents: The subtitle of this work is "A social-economic theory and program for the Twentieth Century." It is a collection of some previous writings of the author to which have been added considerable new matter. There is a discussion of what is national planning, the need for it, the contrast with individual and corporation planning, its objectives, the confusion in identifying planning with Nazisin or Communism, the history of planning, planning in a democracy, etc.

Murray, Philip. C. I. O. recmployment plan. Washington, C. I. O. Department of research and education, 1945. 29 p.

Conclusion: National production councils should be set up, as well as industry councils, composed of representatives of labor, industry, agriculture, and government. Annual minimum production goals must be established for all basic industries, which will add up to a national production goal equal to our capacity. See especially p. 9–12.

Oxford university. Nuffield college. Employment policy and organization of industry after the war. London, Oxford university press, 1943. 70 p. HC256.4.0915

Conclusion: A central public agency charged with planning for national development, including economic planning, should be established. This agency should include a National Development Board, to which would be entrusted the control of funds available for public investment and the supervision of all State investments in productive enterprise.

Shields, Murray, and Donald B. Woodward. Prosperity: We can have it if we want it. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1945. 190 p. HC106.4.S53

Conclusion: We must have an organized study of the problem of prosperity. We need a national economic committee to conduct hearings, develop a program, and counsel with the legislative and administrative agencies. See especially p. 183-187.

Smith, Harold D. Government planning for a high level of employment in the post-war period. In U. S. Congress. House. Special committee on post-war economic policy and planning. Postwar economic policy and planning. Hearings, 78th Congress, 2d session pursuant to H. Res. 40S. Pt. 2: 407-411. Washington, Govt. print. off., 1944. HC106.4.A2889

Contents: Reviews the need for coordinated planning by the Federal Government. Conclusion: Provision should be made for planning facilities in the Executive Office. See especially p. 407-411.

Stead, William H. Democracy against unemployment; an analysis of the major problem of post-war planning. New York, Harper & bros., 1942. 280 p. HD5706.SS

Conclusion: A government planning agency should: (1) serve as a clearing house of information on employment stabilization techniques; (2) be the promoter of basic research, private and public; (3) provide a digest of pertinent data of legislative and other policy-making bodies. See especially p.

94-101.

Wallace, Henry A. Address. In Congress of industrial organizations. Political action committee. Full employment: proceedings of the Conference on full employment. New York, January 15, 1944, p. 67-74. HC106.4.C536

Conclusion: Planning by government must be on a broad basis and not on a little basis. The Federal Government will have the responsibility of paying the interest on more than $200 billion. The only sound way to pay this interest is by the maximum use of productive labor.

4. Public Works

The role of public works in contributing to full employment is the subject of items listed here.

Baruch, Bernard M., and John M. Hancock. Report on war and post-war adjustment policies. February 15, 1944. Washington, Govt. print. off., 1944. 108 p. HC106.4.A2867 1944c

Conclusion: Planning, designing, and engineering of worthwhile publicworks projects should be pressed immediately and put on the shelf for use as needed.

Chase, Stuart. Goals for America: A budget of our needs and resources. New York, Twentieth century fund, 1942. 134 p. HC106.4.C4

Contents: The role of public works in relieving unemployment. See especially p. 100–112.