prevent a post-war collapse, we can maintain full employment, private indus- Security, work, and relief policies. Washington, U. S. Govt. print. off., 1942. 640 p. Contents: Reviews "a decade of experience in meeting the needs of our disadvantaged citizens through the provision of work, social insurance, and public assistance" and makes recommendations as to future policy. U.S. Office of war mobilization and reconversion. Second quarterly report, March 31, 1945. Washington, U. S. Govt. print. off., 1945. -46 p. (79th Cong., 1st sess., House Doc. 137.) Contents: A review of some of the problems of VE-Day and VJ-Day, and proposed remedies. See especially p. 14–15, 28–32. Upgren, Arthur R. Expanding civilian production and employment after the war; objectives and guides to policy. American economic review, May, 1945, v. 35: 67–84. HB1.E26 Contents: Discussion and recommendations on five major postwar objectives: (1) a high total product output, (2) stability in the cost of living, (3) maintaining high level employment, (4) increasing productivity, and (5) a settled wage policy. Wallace, Henry A. Statement. In U. S. Congress. Senate. Committee on commerce. Administration of certain lending agencies of the Federal Government. Hearings, 79th Congress, 1st session, on S. 375, January 24 and 25, 1945. Washington, Govt. print. off., 1945. 144 p. HG3729.U5A5 1945a Contents: Analysis of the economic bill of rights enunciated by Pres. Roosevelt. See especially p. 71–107. Address. In Congress of industrial organizations. Political action committee. Full employment; proceedings of the Conference on full employment, New York, January 15, 1944, p. 67-74. HC106.4.C536 Conclusion: There cannot be in any country full employment for the purpose of full production of peacetime goods except on the basis of an assured world peace. The use of statistics in the formulation of a national full employment policy. Journal of the American statistical association, March 1945, v. 40: 11-19. Contents: Survey of the full employment problem in the United States, with emphasis on its statistical aspects. Walsh, J. Raymond. America's rendezvous with destiny. International post-war problems (N. Y.), Mar. 1944, v. 1: 236-244. Contents: Reviews our choices to attain full employment-Communism, Fascism, or the plans of Keynes and Hansen under which our economy spends all it earns. The winning plans in the Pabst post-war employment awards. Milwaukee, Pabst brewing company, 1944. 88 p. Contents: 17 prize-winning essays on proposals for obtaining full employment. Emphasis in the various articles is placed on market organization, demobilization problems, stabilization of construction employment, taxation, installment selling, underwriting level of consumer spending. Woytinsky, Wladimir S. Prospects of permanent full employment; the chances for full employment in post-war America. International post-war problems (N. Y.), Sept. 1944, v. 1: 498-515. Contents: General discussion of the full employment outlook in the United States with emphasis on the role of wartime savings. z. Full Employment Definitions and Goals Listed here are works defining what is "full employment," estimating what we should aim at, what we are likely to get, what the labor force will be, and factors entering into the making of the estimates. Benner, Claude L. How jobs are created. Commercial and financial chronicle (N. Y.), Feb. 22, 1945, v. 161: 826. HG1. C2 Conclusion: 50 to 55 million jobs would provide a fair measure of prosperity. Barnes, Leo. The anatomy of full employment. Nation, May 26, 1945, v. 160: 593-597. Contents: Analysis of probable employment levels after the war, and discussion of problems arising therefrom. Conclusion: Sustained full employment is neither certain nor impossible in a free society but will require far more cooperation among management, labor, and government than we ever had before except in war. Beveridge, William H. Full employment in a free society. New York, Norton, 1945. 429 p. HD5767.B42 1945 Conclusion: Full employment means more vacant jobs than unemployed men; it means that unemployment is reduced to short intervals of standing by, with the certainty that very soon one will be wanted in one's old job again or will be wanted in a new job that is within one's powers. The most urgent tasks in Britain, after the war, are on the one hand making common attack on the giant social evils of Want, Disease, Ignorance, and Squalor, and on the other hand, the reequipping of British industry, whether in private or public hands, with new and better machinery to ensure a steady increase in the standard of living (industry including agriculture). See especially pp. 18-20, 31, 254-258. Coulter, John L. Post-war fiscal problems and policies. New York, Committee of Americans, Inc., 1945. 105 p. Contents: Reviews statements with respect to estimates of what will constitute full employment. Conclusion: The regular labor force for 1945 will not greatly exceed 50 million and certainly will not exceed 55 million, and very clearly could not reach such a figure as 60 or 65 million without sacrificing homes, children, schools, etc. See especially p. 27-43. Davis, Forrest. The sixty-million-job myth. Saturday evening post, May 5, 1945, v. 217: 17, 105-106. Contents: An appraisal critical of a goal of 60 million jobs as government policy. Different estimates are compared. Eccles, Marriner S. Possibilities of post-war inflation and suggested tax action. Federal reserve bulletin (Washington), Mar. 1944, v. 30: HG2401.A5 222-227. Conclusion: Peacetime production on a scale commensurate with our ability to produce will require at least 55 million employees. See especially p. 224. Employment for all. Planning (London), No. 206, May 11, 1943. HC251.P6 30 p. Conclusion: Employment is a means, not an end. The end of employment can only be the welfare of the individual. The price of full employment is a greater measure of State direction in economic affairs, which people will reject only if they are prepared to accept the consequences of renewed unemployment. The provision of a decent minimum standard of living should be the first charge on the national income. Factors determining post-war job transfers and unemployment. U. S. Bureau of labor statistics, Washington. Monthly labor review, Feb. 1944, v. 58: 269-280. HD8051.A78 Contents: Data and information on the size of the post-war labor force, extent of armed forces to be demobilized, etc. Goldenweiser, E. A. Post-war problems and policies. Federal reserve bulletin (Washington), Feb. 1945, v. 31: 112-121. HG2401.A5 Conclusion: We are going to have a labor force of about 60 million, and allowing for frictional unemployment of 2 million, we shall need 58 million jobs. Hinrichs, A. F. Outlook for employment. Commercial and financial chronicle (N. Y.), Aug. 17, 1944, v. 160: 683, 697, 701. HG1.C2 Contents: Analysis of number of post-war jobs needed for "full employment." Conclusion: Full employment will require labor demand large enough for from 53-55 million jobs. ‘Unemployment likely to be serious in some centers but not likely to total over 5 million. Hoffman, Paul G. Employment and private industry. Survey graphic (N. Y.), May 1943, v. 32: 176–177+. HV1.S82 Contents: Presents basic data for estimating number of jobs needed. Conclusion: Civilian jobs will have to be found for 56,000,000. How can we make sure of post-war jobs for all? Free world (N. Y.), Mar. 1945, v. 9: 67–69. D410.F78 Conclusion: It is generally agreed we need 53 to 56 million civilian jobs-7 to 10 million more than in 1940. Johnston, Eric. America unlimited. Garden city, Doubleday, Doran, 1944. 254 p. HC106.4.J64 Conclusion: Full employment (though a desirable goal) is unattainable, and it must be assumed that many millions will have to be helped in the readjustment period. Livingston, S. Morris. The measurement of postwar labor supply and its capacity to produce. Journal of the American statistical association, March 1945, v. 40: 20-28. Contents: Analysis of size of a full employment labor force, including consideration of the growth in output per worker and the productive capacity of the postwar labor force. Conclusion: "There is every reason to be concerned about the problems and possibilities of actually achieving full employment. There is much less reason to question the approximate magnitude of that goal." National association of manufacturers. Press release for Mar. 4, 1945. Conclusion: If other industries increase their employment in the same proportion a survey indicates manufacturing will, we should have about 56,000,000 persons employed. National industrial conference board. Measuring and projecting national income. New York, the Board, Mar. 1945. 27 p. (Studies in business policy, No. 5.) Contents: Estimates as to the post-war labor force are made and compared. 27-419 0-65-pt. 6-27 National planning association. National budgets for full employment. (Planning pamphlets nos. 43 and 44.) Washington, National planning association, 1945. 96 p. HC101.N352 Nos. 43-44 Conclusion: Full employment is defined by common sense, as opportunity for workers and for capital; it involves the concepts of employment of men and money at useful work and at good wages. It involves freedom for civilized living, opportunity, participation, full use of resources, stability and enterprisc. See especially p. 3–6. Pierson, John H. G. Full employment. New Haven, Yale university press, 1941. 297 p. HD5724.P5 Conclusion: Full employment is a state of affairs in which there is technically no involuntary unemployment, except for a normal amount of what may broadly be called frictional unemployment. See especially p. 29–37. Prosperity-How to get it-How to keep it. New republic (N. Y.), Nov. 27, 1944 (Special section), v. 111: 707-726. AP2.N624 Conclusion: Foresees a labor force in 1950 of 61.5 million, of which 2.5 million will be in military forces, 7.5 million in agricultural employment, 1.5 million in process of shifting jobs, leaving about 50 million for other occupations. See especially p. 711. Robey, Ralph. The 60,000,000 job fantasy. Newsweek (N. Y.), Feb. 19, 1945, v. 25: 70. AP2.N6772 Contents: Briefly reviews some estimates of what will constitute full employment. Conclusion: 54 million civilian jobs is the maximum civilian employment we can expect. If 60 million are to be employed, the government will have to freeze all in jobs, prevent youths from returning to school, etc. Roosevelt, Franklin D. Message . . . on the state of the union, 1945. U. S. Congress. Daily congressional record, Jan. 6, 1945: 93-97. Conclusion: There will be need for the work of everyone willing and able to work, and that means close to 60,000,000 jobs. Ruml, Beardsley, and H. Christian Sonne. Fiscal and monetary policy. Washington, National planning association, July 1944, 42 p. (Planning pamphlets, No. 35.) HC101.N352 No. 35 Conclusion: High employment is taken to mean 55 million persons gainfully employed at 40 hours per week. See especially p. 1. Schlotterbeck, Karl T. Post-war reemployment: The magnitude of the problem. Washington, Brookings institution, 1943. 27 p. (Pamphlet No. 54.) HD5724.S37. Contents: Reviews estimates of number of jobs needed, rate of demobilization, numbers leaving labor market, etc. Conclusion: 54,000,000 employed persons will constitute reasonably full employment. U. S. Congress. Senate. Special committee on post-war economic policy and planning. The problem of post-war employment and the role of Congress in solving it. Washington, Govt. print. off., 1944. 11 p. (78th Cong., 2d sess. Senate Report 539, pt. 4.) Contents: Reviews the various factors to be considered in determining a full employment goal in the post-war period. Conclusion: After allowing for frictional unemployment, jobs must be found for between 54 and 56 million. U. S. National resources planning board. After the war-full employment, by Alvin H. Hansen. Washington, Govt. print. off., 1943. 22 p. HC106.4.A25 1943d Contents: Discusses the concept of full employment. See especially p. 3. Wallace, Henry A. Statement. In U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on commerce. Administration of certain lending agencies of the . . . on Federal Government. Hearings. 79th Congress, 1st session S. 375, January 24 and 25, 1945. Washington, Govt. print. off., 1945. 144 p. HG3729.U5A5 1945a. Conclusion: We must provide 60 million productive jobs-we must have more jobs than workers. See especially p. 76. 3. National Income and National Product Collected here are references to what the national income or national product will (or should) be, together with discussions of methods of computation. Coulter, John L. Post-war fiscal problems and policies. New York, Committee of Americans, Inc., 1945. 105 p. Contents: Considers the factors leading to conclusions with respect to size of post-war national income. Conclusion: There is an important relationship between full employment and "abundance" but not, so close as usually indicated. Instead of the 40% increase in national product said to be needed by O. E. D., a much lower figure is anticipated. A national income between $110 and $120 billion is forecast. See especially p. 44-49, 60–67. Eccles, Marriner S. Possibilities of post-war inflation and suggested tax action. Federal reserve bulletin (Washington), Mar. 1944, v. 30: HG2401.A5 222-227. Conclusion: Production on a scale commensurate with our capacity to produce will yield a gross national product of about $160 billion at 1943 prices. See especially p. 224. Goldenweiser, E. A. Post-war problems and policies. Federal reserve bulletin (Washington), Feb. 1945, v. 31: 112-121. HG2401.A5 Conclusion: To have enough jobs we must have a gross national product of $170 billion at 1943 prices or national income of $140 billion, Goldenweiser, E. A., and Everett E. Hagen. Jobs after the war. Federal reserve bulletin (Washington), May 1944, v. 30: 424-431. HG2401.A5 Contents: Indicates the amount and character of national output needed to avoid serious unemployment. Conclusion: With a gross national product of $170 billion, unemployment will be about 2 million; at a $108 billion level, unemployment would be between 15 and 20 million. Hagen, Everett E., and Nora B. Kirkpatrick. The national output at full employment in 1950. The American economic review (Evanston, Ill.), Sept. 1944, v. 34: 472-500. HB1.E26 Contents: Presents an estimate of our post-war productive potential, and the various elements going into it, assuming full employment. Conclusion: Per capita gross national product under such conditions would be more than 50% greater than in 1929. Hansen, Alvin H., and Guy Greer. Toward full use of our resources. Fortune (N. Y.), Nov. 1942, v. 26: 130–133. HF5001.F7 Conclusion: The minimum full employment income after the war is probably not less than $120 billion; by 1950 it will be $150 billion if increases in productivity comparable to past years continue. See especially p. 133. |