(6) the availability for commercial use of such technologies by the year 2000. SEC. 1306. [42 U.S.C. 13336] COALBED METHANE RECOVERY. (a) STUDY OF BARRIERS AND ENVIRONMENTAL AND SAFETY ASPECTS. The Secretary, in consultation with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency and the Secretary of the Interior, shall conduct a study of— (1) technical, economic, financial, legal, regulatory, institutional, or other barriers to coalbed methane recovery, and of policy options for eliminating such barriers; and (2) the environmental and safety aspects of flaring coalbed methane liberated from coal mines. Within two years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit a report to the Congress detailing the results of such study. (b) INFORMATION DISSEMINATION.-Beginning one year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in consultation with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency and the Secretary of the Interior, shall disseminate to the public information on state-of-the-art coalbed methane recovery techniques, including information on costs and benefits. (c) DEMONSTRATION AND COMMERCIAL APPLICATION PROGRAM. The Secretary, in consultation with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency and the Secretary of the Interior, shall establish a coalbed methane recovery demonstration and commercial application program, which shall emphasize gas enrichment technology. Such program shall address— (1) gas enrichment technologies for enriching mediumquality methane recovered from coal mines to pipeline quality; (2) technologies to use mine ventilation air in nearby power generation facilities, including gas turbines, internal combustion engines, or other coal fired powerplants; (3) technologies for cofiring methane recovered from mines, including methane from ventilation systems and degasification systems, together with coal in conventional or clean coal technology boilers; and (4) other technologies for producing and using methane from coal mines that the Secretary considers appropriate. SEC. 1307. [42 U.S.C. 13337] METALLURGICAL COAL DEVELOPMENT. (a) The Secretary shall establish a research, development, demonstration, and commercial application program on metallurgical coal utilization for the purpose of developing techniques that will lead to the greater and more efficient utilization of the Nation's metallurgical coal resources. (b) The program referred to in subsection (a) shall include the use of metallurgical coal (1) as a boiler fuel for the purpose of generating steam to produce electricity, including blending metallurgical coal with other coals in order to enhance its efficient application as a boiler fuel; (2) as an ingredient in the manufacturing of steel; and SEC. 1308. [42 U.S.C. 13338] UTILIZATION OF COAL WASTES. (a) COAL WASTE UTILIZATION PROGRAM.-The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of the Interior, shall establish a research, development, demonstration, and commercial application program on coal waste utilization for the purpose of developing techniques that will lead to the greater and more efficient utilization of coal wastes from mining and processing, other than coal ash. (b) USE AS BOILER FUEL.-The program referred to in subsection (a) shall include projects to facilitate the use of coal wastes from mining and processing as a boiler fuel for the purpose of generating steam to produce electricity. SEC. 1309. [42 U.S.C. 13339] UNDERGROUND COAL GASIFICATION. (a) PROGRAM.-The Secretary shall conduct a research, development, demonstration, and commercial application program for underground coal gasification technology for in-situ conversion of coal to a cleaner burning, easily transportable gaseous fuel. The goal and objective of this program shall be to accelerate the development and commercialization of underground coal gasification. In carrying out this program, the Secretary shall give equal consideration to all ranks of coal. (b) DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS.-As part of the program authorized in subsection (a), the Secretary may solicit proposals for underground coal gasification technology projects to fulfill the goal and objective of subsection (a). SEC. 1310. [42 U.S.C. 13340] LOW-RANK COAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. The Secretary shall pursue a program of research and development with respect to the technologies needed to expand the use of low-rank coals which take into account the unique properties of lignites and sub-bituminous coals, including, but not limited to, the following areas (1) high value-added carbon products; (2) fuel cell applications; (3) emissions control and combustion efficiencies; (4) coal water fuels and underground coal gasification; (6) any other technologies which will assist in the development of niche markets for lignites and sub-bituminous coals. SEC. 1311. [42 U.S.C. 13341] MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS. (a) PROGRAM.-The Secretary shall carry out a research, development, demonstration, and commercial application program in magnetohydrodynamics. The purpose of this program shall be to determine the adequacy of the engineering and design information completed to date under Department of Energy contracts related to magnetohydrodynamics retrofit systems and to determine whether any further Federal investment in this technology is warranted. (b) SOLICITATION OF PROPOSALS.-In order to carry out the program authorized in subsection (a), the Secretary may solicit proposals from the private sector and seek to enter into an agreement with appropriate parties. SEC. 1312. [42 U.S.C. 13342] OIL SUBSTITUTION THROUGH COAL LIQUEFACTION. (a) PROGRAM DIRECTION.-The Secretary shall conduct a program of research, development, demonstration, and commercial application for the purpose of developing economically and environmentally acceptable advanced technologies for oil substitution through coal liquefaction. (b) PROGRAM GOALS.-The goals of the program established under subsection (a) shall include (1) improved resource selection and product quality; (2) the development of technologies to increase net yield of liquid fuel product per ton of coal; (3) an increase in overall thermal efficiency; and (4) a reduction in capital and operating costs through technology improvements. (c) PROPOSALS.-Within 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall solicit proposals for conducting activities under this section. SEC. 1313. [42 U.S.C. 13343] AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out this subtitle $278,139,000 for fiscal year 1993 and such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 1994 through 1997. Subtitle B-Clean Coal Technology Program SEC. 1321. [42 U.S.C. 13351] ADDITIONAL CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY SOLICITATIONS. (a) PROGRAM DESIGN.-Additional clean coal technology solicitations described in subsection (b) shall be designed to ensure the timely development of cost-effective technologies or energy production processes or systems utilizing coal that achieve greater efficiency in the conversion of coal to useful energy when compared to currently commercially available technology for the use of coal and the control of emissions from the combustion of coal. Such program shall be designed to ensure, to the greatest extent possible, the availability for commercial use of such technologies by the year 2010. (b) ADDITIONAL SOLICITATIONS.-In conducting the Clean Coal Program established by Public Law 98-473, the Secretary shall consider the potential benefits of conducting additional solicitations pursuant to such program and, based on the results of that consideration, may carry out such additional solicitations, which shall be similar in scope and percentage of Federal cost sharing as that provided by Public Law 101-121. TITLE XX-GENERAL PROVISIONS; REDUCTION OF OIL VULNERABILITY SEC. 2001. [42 U.S.C. 13401] GOALS. It is the goal of the United States in carrying out energy supply and energy conservation research and development— (1) to strengthen national energy security by reducing dependence on imported oil; (2) to increase the efficiency of the economy by meeting future needs for energy services at the lowest total cost to the Nation, including environmental costs, giving comparable consideration to technologies that enhance energy supply and technologies that improve the efficiency of energy end uses; (3) to reduce the air, water, and other environmental impacts (including emissions of greenhouse gases) of energy production, distribution, transportation, and utilization, through the development of an environmentally sustainable energy system; (4) to maintain the technological competitiveness of the United States and stimulate economic growth through the development of advanced materials and technologies; (5) to foster international cooperation by developing international markets for domestically produced sustainable energy technologies, and by transferring environmentally sound, advanced energy systems and technologies to developing countries to promote sustainable development; (6) to consider the comparative environmental and public health impacts of the energy to be produced or saved by the specific activities; (7) to consider the obstacles inherent in private industry's development of new energy technologies and steps necessary for establishing or maintaining technological leadership in the area of energy and energy efficiency resource technologies; and (8) to consider the contribution of a given activity to fundamental scientific knowledge. Subtitle A-Oil and Gas Supply SEC. 2011. [42 U.S.C. 13411] ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY. (a) PROGRAM DIRECTION.-The Secretary shall conduct a 5-year program, in accordance with sections 3001 and 3002 of this Act, on technologies to increase the recoverability of domestic oil resources to (1) improve reservoir characterization; (2) improve analysis and field verification; (3) field test and demonstrate enhanced oil recovery processes, including advanced processes, in reservoirs the Secretary considers to be of high priority, ranked primarily on the basis of oil recovery potential and risk of abandonment; (4) transfer proven recovery technologies to producers and operators of wells, including stripper wells, that would other wise be likely to be abandoned in the near term due to declining production; (5) improve enhanced oil recovery process technology for more economic and efficient oil production; (6) identify and develop new recovery technologies; (7) study reservoir properties and how they affect oil recovery from porous media; (8) improve techniques for meeting environmental requirements; (9) improve data bases of reservoir and environmental conditions; and (10) lower lifting costs on stripper wells by utilizing advanced renewable energy technologies such as small wind turbines and others. (b) PROGRAM GOALS.— (1) NEAR-TERM PRIORITIES.-The near-term priorities of the program include preserving access to high potential reservoirs, identifying available technologies that can extend the lifetime of wells and of stripper well property, and developing environmental field operations for waste disposal and injection praetices. (2) MID-TERM PRIORITIES.—The mid-term priorities of the program include developing and testing identified but unproven technologies, and transferring those technologies for widespread use. (3) LONG-TERM PRIORITIES.--The long-term priorities of the program include developing advanced techniques to recover oil not recoverable by other techniques. (c) ACCELERATED PROGRAM PLAN.-Within 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall prepare and submit to the Congress a plan for carrying out under this section the accelerated field testing of technologies to achieve the priorities stated in subsection (b). In preparing the plan, the Secretary shall consult with appropriate representatives of industry, institutions of higher education, Federal agencies, including national laboratories, and professional and technical societies, and with the Advisory Board established under section 2302. (d) PROPOSALS.-Within 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall solicit proposals for conducting activities under this section. (e) CONSULTATION.—In carrying out the provisions of this section, the Secretary shall consult representatives of the oil and gas industry with respect to innovative research and development proposals to improve oil and gas recovery and shall consider relevant technical data from industry and other research and information centers and institutes. (f) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.-There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out this section, including advanced extraction and process technology, $57,250,000 for fiscal year 1993 and $70,000,000 for fiscal year 1994. SEC. 2012. [42 U.S.C. 13412] OIL SHALE. (a) PROGRAM DIRECTION.-The Secretary shall conduct a 5-year program, in accordance with sections 3001 and 3002 of this Act, on oil shale extraction and conversion, including research and develop |