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in allowing those exports to build up to the high percentages they have built up to. You shouldn't let it happen.

Senator HANSEN. I imagine they are going to cooperate with us in not letting it happen. Let me ask you this. Does this approach offer immediate solutions or long range solutions to our energy crisis, as you understand it? This approach that you talk about, does it offer any solution, to say we are going to limit the imports they can make to this country now?

Mr. Moss. It wouldn't affect the situation in the next few months. First, of course, countries may be thinking more seriously about threatening to cut off exports to us, if they know they are going to be put in this category, in which the restriction on imports from such countries will limit 10 percent of our total production. Second, to finish that, it would be important because if we limit the amount if imports from these countries and auction off the imports right to the highest bidder that oil will have to be priced higher in the United States which means that cheap imported oil won't push out the development of domestic resources and make the domestic resources unavailable in emergency situations.

Senator HANSEN. I am afraid with raising standards of living in Japan the whole Western European economic community, and the consequent consumption of energy going up worldwide, and recognizing at the same time the size of the populations of the Arab countries, and the fact that they get twice as much for their oil, they need only sell half as much to get off just as well. I am afraid the threat we might pose to them at this time is a rather hollow one. They wouldn't be too exercised at this time because they can turn on any hand and find people ready, willing and able to buy their fuel. The Japanese have a tanker leaving the Arab countries and if you were to space them equal distances apart, they would stretch all the way from the Persian Gulf to Japan, only 50 miles apart. I think it is totally unrealistic to think that we are going to be in a position to dictate to the Arab countries on the basis of our buying power as to what sort of oil export policy to America they may want to develop.

Mr. Moss. Senator, that is not the point I was trying to make. What I was saying is whatever oil we do import should reflect the high political course of getting oil from that source. Therefore, a mechanism should be sought which would show the

Senator HANSEN. Thank you very much, Mr. Moss. I appreciate what you say. My feeling is we have the full cooperation of the Arab countries in seeing we are made well aware of that fact. Let me say again, gentlemen, you are very kind and very gracious to stay here so long. I know that your observations and comments will be welcome by the full committee. It is our intention to start marking up the bill tomorrow morning, and if you can have the precise language you think will be helpful, we would like to have it in order to better consider the entire ramifications of this complicated and important piece of legislation. Anything you would like to submit for the record, will be. It will remain open for a while and we will be happy to have it. If there is nothing further thank you very much.

[Whereupon at 8:15 p.m., the hearing was concluded.]

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INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS

UNITED STATES SENATE

Pursuant to S. Res. 45

A National Fuels and Energy Policy Study

NINETY-THIRD CONGRESS

FIRST SESSION

ON

S. 2589

A BILL TO DECLARE BY CONGRESSIONAL ACTION A NATION-
WIDE ENERGY EMERGENCY; TO AUTHORIZE THE PRESIDENT
TO IMMEDIATELY UNDERTAKE SPECIFIC ACTIONS TO CON-
SERVE SCARCE FUELS AND INCREASE SUPPLY; TO INITIATE
THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL, STATE, NATIONAL, AND INTER-
NATIONAL CONTINGENCY PLANS; TO ASSURE THE CONTINUA-
TION OF VITAL PUBLIC SERVICES; AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

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For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office

Washington, D.C. 20402 Price $2.65

DEPARTMENT

SENATE RESOLUTION 45

NATIONAL FUELS AND ENERGY POLICY STUDY

This publication is a background document for the National Fuels and Energy Policy Study authorized by Senate Resolution 45, introduced by Senators Jennings Randolph and Henry M. Jackson on February 4, 1971, and considered, amended, and agreed to by the Senate on May 3, 1971.

The resolution authorizes the Senate Interior and Insular Affairs Committee, and ex officio members of the Committees on Commerce and Public Works and the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, to make a full and complete investigation and study of National Fuels and Energy Policies.

This document is published to assist members of the Committee and other interested parties in their understanding of the issues inherent in the formulation of a long-term National Energy Policy which assures the continued welfare of the Nation, including balanced growth, safeguarding and enhancing the quality of the environment, and national security.

COMMITTEE ON INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS
HENRY M. JACKSON, Washington, Chairman

ALAN BIBLE, Nevada

FRANK CHURCH, Idaho

LEE METCALF, Montana

J. BENNETT JOHNSTON, JR., Louisiana

JAMES ABOUREZK, South Dakota

FLOYD K. HASKELL, Colorado

GAYLORD NELSON, Wisconsin

PAUL J. FANNIN, Arizona
CLIFFORD P. HANSEN, Wyoming
MARK O. HATFIELD, Oregon
JAMES L. BUCKLEY, New York
JAMES A. MCCLURE, Idaho

DEWEY F. BARTLETT, Oklahoma

JERRY T. VERKLER, Staff Director

WILLIAM J. VAN NESS, Chief Counsel
HARRISON LOESCH, Minority Counsel

Ex Officio Members Pursuant to Section 3 of Senate Resolution 45

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WILLIAM J. VAN NESS, Chief Counsel

GRENVILLE GARSIDE, Special Counsel and Study Coordinator
RICHARD D. GRUNDY, Executive Secretary and Professional Staff
DANIEL A. DREYFUS, Professional Staff and Engineering Consultant

ARLON R. TUSSING, Staff Economist
DAVID STANG, Deputy Director for Minority
LUCILLE LANGLOIS, Staff Consultant
F. J. BARNES, Staff Consultant
PATRICIA E. STARRATT, Staff Energy Analyst

CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE MARKUP SESSION

Friday, November 9, 1973-

Committtee Print No. 3___ Monday, November 12, 1973-Committee Print No. 4____

APPENDIX

[Additional statements and communications submitted for the record]

Communications submitted by

Page

361

362

453

454

Peter G. Koltnow, vice president for professional affairs, Highway
Users Federation for Safety and Mobility__

564

George Meany, president, AFL-CIO-

569

James T. Corcoran, National Association of Motor Bus Owners
Harry C. Hunter, executive director, National Association of Conven-

572

ience Stores____

573

Ira W. Stults, district manager, Stop and Go Markets____

607

Robert D. Timm, Chairman, Civil Aeronautics Board-

608

John A. Buggs, staff director, Commission on Civil Rights__.

611

John Busterud, Acting Chairman, Council on Environmental Quality-

611

Charles A. Tobin, Secretary, Federal Trade Commission

613

Dwight A. Ink, Acting Administrator, General Services Administra

tion

614

George M. Stafford, Chairman, Interstate Commerce Commission.....

615

Daniel J. Evans, chairman, National Governors' Conference__.
Ian MacGregor, chairman, American Metal Climax, Inc_____
Russell L. Von Der Ahe, president, Von Der Ahe Van Lines, Inc__----
J. Allen Overton, Jr., president, American Mining Congress-
Luke Williams, Jr., American Sign and Indicator Corp
Elmer H. Ostermeyer, vice president-general manager, American Red

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Marion E. Drew, general manager, Pueblo Rock Wool Co---------
Richard Borden, president, Roadside Business Association...
Lowell W. Culver, professor, College of Business and Public Service,
Governors State University, Park Forest South, Ill---

725

725

725

H. S. Howard, president, American Can Co___
Thomas H. Gibson, president, Virginia Travel Council, Skyline Cav-

727

erns, Inc__-

727

T. S. Miles, president and chief executive officer, National Air Trans

portation Conferences, Inc.

728

Jerome I. Baskin, CPA, Jerome I. Baskin and Co___

748

W. F. Ragan, Ragan Law Offices, Washington, D.C_____.

748

Pierre de Montmarin, president, Peugeot, Inc..

750

Philip M. Knox, Jr., vice president, governmental affairs, Sears,

Roebuck and Co____

752

Richard C. Darling, senior Washington representative, J. C. Penney

752

Patrick J. Head, vice president, Montgomery Ward...

753

Eugene A. Keeney, American Retail Federation__

754

Robert W. Crawford, president, Association of General Merchandise

Chains, Inc

754

Ralph Lazarus, chairman of the board, Federated Department Stores,
Inc___

754

Frank I. Madigan, sheriff director, Office of Emergency Services.....
Sheldon I. London, director of government relations, National Retail
Hardware Association___

755

757

Charles F. Wheatley, Jr., general manager, general counsel, American
Public Gas Association__

758 Statements submitted by

Page

John K. Lamb, Cincinnati OEM Associates, Inc___
Woodrow W. Rankin, transportation engineer, Transportation De-
partment, Highway Users Federation for Safety and Mobility....
Robert Baum, Environmental Protection Agency.

563

565

574

Thomas J. Heye, Administrative Assistant to the Chairman, Civil Aeronautics Board___

609

Julius L. Katz, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for International
Resources and Food Policy, Department of State

685

Henry M. Peskin, Land Use Center of the Urban Institute -

687

Peter W. Seibert, president, National Ski Areas Association...

688

Paul J. Kelley, U-Haul International, on behalf of the industry-

691

Helen Delich Bentley, Chairwoman, Federal Maritime Commission___

748

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