The Federal Hazardous Substances Labeling Act which became fully effective February 1, 1962, replaces the Federal Caustic Poison Act except for any "dangerous caustic or corrosive substance" as defined by the Federal Caustic Poison Act which is subject to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

FEDERAL CAUSTIC POISON ACT

AN ACT To safeguard the distribution and sale of certain danger-, ous caustic or corrosive acids, alkalies, and other substances in interstate and foreign commerce.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That this act may be cited as the Federal Caustic Poison Act.

DEFINITIONS

SEC. 2. As used in this act, unless the context otherwise requires

(a) The term "dangerous caustic or corrosive substance" means:

(1) Hydrochloric acid and any preparation containing free or chemically unneutralized acid (HCl) in a concentration of 10 per centum or more;

(2) Sulfuric acid and any preparation containing free or chemically unneutralized sulfuric acid (H2SO,) in a concentration of 10 per centum or more;

(3) Nitric acid or any preparation containing free or chemically unneutralized nitric acid (HNO3) in a concentration of 5 per centum or more;

(4) Carbolic acid (C,H,OH), otherwise known as phenol, and any preparation containing carbolic acid in a concentration of 5 per centum or more;

(5) Oxalic acid and any preparation containing free or chemically unneutralized oxalic acid (H2C2O,) in a concentration of 10 per centum or more;

(6) Any salt of oxalic acid and any preparation containing any such salt in a concentration of 10 per centum

or more;

(7) Acetic acid or any preparation containing free or chemically unneutralized acetic acid (HC2H3Õ2) in a concentration of 20 per centum or more;

(8) Hypochlorous acid, either free or combined, and any preparation containing the same in a concentration so as to yield 10 per centum or more by weight of available chlorine, excluding calx chlorinata, bleaching powder, and chloride of lime;

(9) Potassium hydroxide and any preparation containing free or chemically unneutralized potassium hydroxide (KOH), including caustic potash and Vienna paste, in a concentration of 10 per centum or more;

(10) Sodium hydroxide and any preparation containing free or chemically unneutralized sodium hydroxide (NaOH), including caustic soda and lye, in a concentration of 10 per centum or more;

(11) Silver nitrate, sometimes known as lunar caustic, and any preparation containing silver nitrate (AgNO3) in a concentration of 5 per centum or more; and

(12) Ammonia water and any preparation containing free or chemically uncombined ammonia (NH), including ammonium hydroxide and "hartshorn," in a concentration of 5 per centum or more.1

(b) The term "misbranded parcel, package, or container" means a retail parcel, package, or container of any dangerous caustic or corrosive substance not bearing a conspicuous, easily legible label or sticker containing: (1) The common name of the substance;

(2) The name and place of business of the manufacturer, packer, seller, or distributor;

(3) The word "poison," running parallel with the main body of reading matter on the label or sticker, on a clear, plain background of a distinctly contrasting color, in uncondensed gothic capital letters, the letters to be not less than 24-point size unless there is on the label or sticker no other type so large, in which event the type shall be not smaller than the largest type on the label or sticker; and

(4) Directions for treatment in case of accidental personal injury by any dangerous caustic or corrosive substance, except that such directions need not appear on labels or stickers, on parcels, packages, or containers at the time of shipment or of delivery for shipment by manufacturers and wholesalers for other than household

use.

(c) The term "interstate or foreign commerce" means commerce between any State, Territory, or possession, or the District of Columbia, and any place outside thereof; or between points within the same State, Territory, or possession, or the District of Columbia, but through any place outside thereof; or within any Territory or possession, or the District of Columbia.

1 For the purpose of determining whether an article containing amme nia is subject to the Federal Caustic Poison Act, the ammonia content is to be calculated as NH3. § 3.700 Definition of ammonia under Federal Caustic Poison Act, Federal Register, November 30, 1957.

(d) This act is not to be construed as modifying or limiting in any way the right of any person to manufacture, pack, ship, sell, barter, and distribute dangerous caustic or corrosive substances in parcels, packages, or containers, labeled as required by this act.

PROHIBITION AGAINST MISBRANDING SHIPMENTS

SEC. 3. No person shall ship or deliver for shipment in interstate or foreign commerce or receive from shipment in such commerce any dangerous caustic or corrosive substance for sale or exchange, or sell or offer for sale any such substance in any Territory or possession or in the District of Columbia, in a misbranded parcel, package, or container suitable for household use; except that the preceding provisions of this section shall not apply—

(a) To any regularly established common carrier shipping or delivering for shipment, or receiving from shipment, any such substance in the ordinary course of its business as a common carrier; nor

(b) To any person in respect of any such substance shipped or delivered for shipment, or received from shipment, for export to any foreign country, in a parcel package, or container branded in accordance with the specifications of a foreign purchaser and in accordance with the laws of the foreign country;

(c) To any dealer when he can establish a guaranty signed by the wholesaler, jobber, manufacturer, or other party residing in the United States, from whom he purchases such articles, to the effect that the article is not misbranded within the meaning of this act. This guaranty, to afford protection, shall contain the name and address of the party or parties making the sale of such article to such dealer, and in such case said party or parties shall be amenable to the prosecutions, fines, and other penalties which would attach, in due course, to the dealer under the provisions of this act.

LIBEL FOR CONDEMNATION PROCEEDINGS

SEC. 4. (a) Any dangerous caustic or corrosive sub stance in a misbranded parcel, package, or container suitable for household use shall be liable to be proceeded against in the district court of the United States for any judicial district in which the substance is found and to be seized for confiscation by a process of libel for condemnation, if such substance is being:

or

(1) Shipped in interstate or foreign commerce; or (2) Held for sale or exchange after having so shipped;

(3) Held for sale or exchange in any Territory or possession or in the District of Columbia.

(b) If such substance is condemned as misbranded by the court it shall be disposed of in the discretion of the court:

(1) By destruction.

(2) By sale. The proceeds of the sale, less legal costs and charges, shall be paid into the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts. Such substance shall not be sold in any jurisdiction contrary to the provisions of this act or the laws of such jurisdiction, and the court may require the purchaser at any such sale to label such substance in compliance with law before the delivery thereof.

(3) By delivery to the owner thereof upon the payment of legal costs and charges and execution and delivery of a good and sufficient bond to the effect that such substance will not be sold or otherwise disposed of in any jurisdiction contrary to the provisions of this act or the laws of such jurisdiction.

(c) Proceedings in such libel cases shall conform, as nearly as may be, to suits in rem in admiralty, except that either party may demand trial by jury on any issue of fact if the value in controversy exceeds $20. In case of a jury trial the verdict of the jury shall have the same effect as a finding of the court upon the facts. All such proceedings shall be at the suit and in the name of the United States.

EXCLUSION OF MISBRANDED IMPORTS

SEC. 5. (a) Whenever in the case of any dangerous caustic or corrosive substance being offered for importation the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare has reason to believe that such substance is being shipped in interstate or foreign commerce in violation of section 3, he shall give due notice and opportunity for hearing thereon to the owner or consignee and certify such fact to the Secretary of the Treasury, who shall thereupon (1) refuse admission and delivery to the consignee of such substance, or (2) deliver such substance to the consignee pending examination, hearing, and decision in the matter, on the execution of a penal bond to the amount of the full invoice value of such substance, together with the duty thereon, if any, and to the effect that on refusal to return such substance for any cause to the Secretary of the Treasury when demanded for the purpose of excluding it from the country or for any other purpose, the consignee shall forfeit the full amount of the bond.

(b) If, after proceeding in accordance with subdivision (a), the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare is satisfied that such substance being offered for importation was shipped in interstate or foreign commerce in violation of any provision of this act, he shall certify the fact to the Secretary of the Treasury, who shall thereupon notify the owner or consignee and cause the sale