42 U.S.C. 3411 Definitions 68A Stat. 557; 74 Stat. 57 26 U.S.C. 4731 TITLE III-CIVIL COMMITMENT OF PERSONS SEC. 301. For the purposes of this title, the term— (a)2 "Narcotic addict" means any individual who habitually uses any narcotic drug as defined in section 102 (16) of the Controlled Substances Act so as to endanger the public morals, health, safety, or welfare, or who is or has been so far addicted to the use of such narcotic drugs as to have lost the power of self-control with reference to his addiction. (b) "Treatment" includes confinement and treatment in a hospital of the Service and under supervised aftercare in the community and includes, but is not limited to, medical, educational, social, psychological, and vocational services, corrective and preventive guidance and training, and other rehabilitative services designed to protect the public and benefit the addict by correcting his antisocial tendencies and ending his dependence on addicting drugs and his susceptibility to addiction. (c) "Surgeon General" means the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service. (d) "Hospital of the Service" means any hospital or other facility of the Public Health Service especially equipped for the accommodation of addicts, and any other appropriate public or private hospital or other facility available to the Surgeon General for the care and treatment of addicts. (e) "Patient" means any person with respect to whom a petition has been filed by a United States attorney as provided under subsection (b) of section 302 of this title. (f) "Posthospitalization program" shall mean any program providing for the treatment and supervision of a person established by the Surgeon General pursuant to section 307 of this title. (g) "State" includes the District of Columbia and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. (h) "United States" includes the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. 1 Title III of this Act took effect February 8, 1967. 2 Sec. 301 (a) amended by sec. 1102 (p) of P.L. 91-513. (i) "Related individual" means any person with whom the alleged narcotic addict may reside or at whose house he may be, or the husband or wife, father or mother, brother or sister, or the child or the nearest available relative of the alleged narcotic addict. 42 U.S.C. 3412 treatment Petition for SEC. 302. (a) Except as otherwise provided in section 311 of this title, whenever any narcotic addict desires to obtain treatment for his addiction, or whenever a related individual has reason to believe that any person is a narcotic addict, such addict or related individual may file a petition with the United States attorney for the district in which such addict or person resides or is found requesting that such addict or person be admitted to a hospital of the Service for treatment of his addiction. Any such petition filed by a narcotic addict shall set forth his name and address and the facts relating to his addiction. Any such petition filed by a related individual with respect to a person believed by such individual to be a narcotic addict shall set forth the name and address of the alleged narcotic addict and the facts or other data on which the petitioner bases his belief that the person with respect to whom the petition is filed is a narcotic addict. (b) After considering such petition, the United States Commitment attorney shall, if he determines that there is reasonable cause to believe that the person named in such petition is a narcotic addict, and that appropriate State or other facilities are not available to such person, file a petition with the United States district court to commit such person to a hospital of the Service for treatment as provided in this title. In making his determination with respect to the nonavailability of such facilities, the United States attorney shall consult with the Surgeon General and other appropriate State or local officials. (c) Upon the filing of any such petition by a United Examination States attorney, the court may order the patient to appear before it for an examination by physicians as provided under section 303 of this title and for a hearing, if required, under section 304 of this title. The court shall cause a copy of such petition and order to be served personally upon the patient by a United States marshal. SEC. 303. The court shall immediately advise any patient appearing before it pursuant to an order issued under subsection (c) of section 302 of his right to have (1) counsel at every stage of the judicial proceedings under this title and that, if he is unable because of financial reasons to obtain counsel, the court will, at the patient's request, assign counsel to represent him; and (2) present for consultation during any examination conducted under this section, a qualified physician retained by such patient, but in no event shall such physician be entitled to participate in any such examination or of patient 42 U.S.C. 3413 Right to coun sel, etc. 42 U.S.C. 3414 Hearing in the making of any report required under this section with respect to such examination. The court shall also advise such patient that if, after an examination and hearing as provided in this title, he is found to be a narcotic addict who is likely to be rehabilitated through treatment, he will be civilly committed to the Surgeon General for treatment; that he may not voluntarily withdraw from such treatment; that the treatment (including posthospitalization treatment and supervision) may last forty-two months; that during treatment he will be confined in an institution; that for a period of three years following his release from confinement he will be under the care and custody of the Surgeon General for treatment and supervision under a posthospitalization program established by the Surgeon General; and that should he fail or refuse to cooperate in such posthospitalization program or be determined by the Surgeon General to have relapsed to the use of narcotic drugs, he may be recommitted for additional confinement in an institution followed by additional posthospitalization treatment and supervision. After so advising the patient, the court shall appoint two qualified physicians, one of whom shall be a psychiatrist, to examine the patient. For the purpose of the examination, the court may order the patient committed for such reasonable period as it shall determine, not to exceed thirty days, to the custody of the Surgeon General for confinement in a suitable hospital or other facility designated by the court. Each physician appointed by the court shall, within such period so determined by the court, examine the patient and file with the court, a written report with respect to such examination. Each such report shall include a statement of the examining physician's conclusions as to whether the patient examined is a narcotic addict and is likely to be rehabilitated through treatment. Upon the filing of such reports, the patient so examined shall be returned to the court for such further proceedings as it may direct under this title. Copies of such reports shall be made available to the patient and his counsel. SEC. 304. (a) If both examining physicians (referred to in section 303) conclude in their respective written reports that the patient is not a narcotic addict, or is an addict not likely to be rehabilitated through treatment, the court shall immediately enter an order discharging the patient and dismissing the proceedings under this title. If the written report of either such physician indicates that the patient is a narcotic addict who is likely to be rehabilitated through treatment, or that the physician submitting the report is unable to reach any conclusion by reason of the refusal of the patient to submit to a thorough examination, the court shall promptly set the case for hearing. The court shall cause a written notice of the time and place of such hearing to be served personally upon the patient and his attorney. Such notice shall also inform the patient that upon demand made by him within. fifteen days after he has been served, he shall be entitled to have all issues of fact with respect to his alleged narcotic addiction determined by a jury. If no timely demand for a jury is made, the court, in conducting such hearing, shall determine all issues of fact without a jury. (b) In conducting any hearing under this title, the Judicial court shall receive and consider all relevant evidence and review testimony which may be offered, including the contents of the reports referred to in section 303. Any patient with respect to whom a hearing is held under this title shall be entitled to testify and to present and cross-examine witnesses. All final orders of commitment under this title shall be subject to review in conformity with the provisions of sections 1254 and 1291 of title 28 of the United States Code. 929 (c) Any patient with respect to whom a hearing has 62 Stat. 928, been set under this title may be detained by the court for a reasonable period of time in a suitable hospital or other facility designated by the court until after such hearing has been concluded. (d) Witnesses subpenaed by either party under the Witness fees provisions of this title shall be paid the same fees and mileage as are paid to other witnesses in the courts of the United States. Commitment by court order SEC. 305. If the court determines after a hearing that 42 U.S.C. 3415 such patient is a narcotic addict who is likely to be rehabilitated through treatment, the court shall order him committed to the care and custody of the Surgeon General for treatment in a hospital of the Service. The Surgeon General shall submit to the court written reports with respect to such patient at such times as the court may direct. Such reports shall include information as to the health and general condition of the patient, together with the recommendations of the Surgeon General concerning the continued confinement of such patient. SEC. 306. Any patient committed to the care and cus- 42 U.S.C. 3416 tody of the Surgeon General pursuant to section 305 of Release this title shall be committed for a period of six months, and shall be subject to such posthospitalization program as may be established pursuant to section 307 of this title; except that such patient may be released from confinement by the Surgeon General at any time prior to the expiration of such six-month period if the Surgeon General determines that the patient has been cured of his drug addiction and rehabilitated, or that his continued. confinement is no longer necessary or desirable. 42 U.S.C. 3417 Posthospitalization treatment; Recommendations of Surgeon General 42 U.S.C. 3418 Petition by patient 42 U.S.C. 3419 42 U.S.C. 3420 Physician, com SEC. 307. (a) Whenever any patient under the care and custody of the Surgeon General pursuant to this title is to be released from confinement in accordance with the provisions thereof, the Surgeon General shall give notice of such pending release to the committing court within ten days prior thereto and shall, at the time of the patient's release, promptly return him to that court. The court, after considering the recommendations of the Surgeon General with respect to posthospitalization treatment for any such patient so returned, may place such patient under the care and custody of the Surgeon General for the three-year period immediately following the patient's release, for treatment and supervision under such posthospitalization program as the Surgeon General may direct. (b) If, at any time during such three-year period, any patient (1) fails or refuses to comply with the directions and orders of the Surgeon General in connection with such patient's posthospitalization treatment and supervision, or (2) is determined by the Surgeon General to be again using narcotic drugs, the Surgeon General may order such patient's immediate return to the committing court which may recommit such patient to a hospital of the Service for additional treatment for a period of not to exceed six months, and may require such patient thereafter to submit to a posthospitalization program in accordance with subsection (a) of this section. SEC. 308. The court, upon the petition of any patient after his confinement pursuant to this title for a period in excess of three months, shall inquire into the health and general condition of the patient and as to the necessity, if any, for his continued confinement. If the court finds, with or without a hearing, that his continued confinement is no longer necessary or desirable, it shall order the patient released from confinement and returned to the court. The court may, with respect to any such patient so returned, place such patient under a posthospitalization program in accordance with the provisions of subsection (a) of section 307 of this title. SEC. 309. Any determination by the court pursuant to this title that a patient is a narcotic addict shall not be deemed a criminal conviction, nor shall such patient be denominated a criminal by reason of that determination. The results of any hearing, examination, test, or procedure to determine narcotic addiction of any patient under this title shall not be used against such patient in any criminal proceeding. SEC. 310. Any physician conducting an examination. pellable witness under this title shall be a competent and compellable witness at any hearing or other proceeding conducted pursuant to this title and the physician-patient privilege shall not be applicable. |